Hamilton, Ian Standish Monteith

     
Příjmení:
Surname:
HamiltonHamilton
Jméno:
Given Name:
IanIan
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
Sir Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton
Fotografie či obrázek:
Photograph or Picture:
Hodnost:
Rank:
generálGeneral
Akademický či vědecký titul:
Academic or Scientific Title:
--
Šlechtický titul:
Hereditary Title:
Sir Sir
Datum, místo narození:
Date and Place of Birth:
16.01.1853 Corfu / 16.01.1853 Corfu /
Datum, místo úmrtí:
Date and Place of Decease:
12.10.1947 Londýn 12.10.1947 Londýn
Nejvýznamnější funkce:
(maximálně tři)
Most Important Appointments:
(up to three)
velitel: Štředomořského expedičního sboru Commander: Mediterranean Expeditionary Force
Jiné významné skutečnosti:
(maximálně tři)
Other Notable Facts:
(up to three)
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Související články:
Related Articles:
Zdroje:
Sources:
en.wikipedia.org
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Hamilton-Ian-Standish-Monteith-t14617#744949 Version : 0
     
Příjmení:
Surname:
HamiltonHamilton
Jméno:
Given Name:
IanIan
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
Sir Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton
Všeobecné vzdělání:
General Education:
DD.MM.RRRR-DD.MM.RRRR Wellington College, CrowthorneDD.MM.RRRR-DD.MM.RRRR Wellington College, Crowthorne
Vojenské vzdělání:
Military Education:
DD.MM.1870-DD.MM.1871 Královská vojenská akademieDD.MM.1870-DD.MM.1871 Royal Military Academy
Důstojnické hodnosti:
Officer Ranks:
DD.MM.1882 kapitán
DD.MM.1885 major (brevet)
DD.MM.1887 podplukovník
DD.MM.1890 plukovník
DD.02.1900 generálmajor (local)
19.04.1901 generálmajor
12.11.1901 generálporučík (local)
22.08.1902 generálporučík
DD.MM.1882 Captain
DD.MM.1885 Brevet Major
DD.MM.1887 Lieutenant Colonel
DD.MM.1890 Colonel
DD.02.1900 Major General (local)
19.04.1901 Major General
12.11.1901 Lieutenant General (local)
22.08.1902 Lieutenant General
Průběh vojenské služby:
Military Career:
DD.MM.RRRR-DD.MM.RRRR DD.MM.RRRR-DD.MM.RRRR
Vyznamenání:
Awards:
Poznámka:
Note:
--
Zdroje:
Sources:
en.wikipedia.org

Hamilton, Ian Standish Monteith - 1915, Galipoli, Turecko.
 Ian Hamilton ako velitel Stredomorského expedičného sboru spolu so svojim náčelníkom štábu gen.  Walter Braithwaite, svojim adjutantom kpt.  Frederick Lewis Makgill Crichton Maitland

1915, Galipoli, Turecko.
Ian Hamilton ako velitel Stredomorského expedičného sboru spolu so svojim náčelníkom štábu gen. Walter Braithwaite, svojim adjutantom kpt. Frederick Lewis Makgill Crichton Maitland

Hamilton, Ian Standish Monteith - počas vyjednávaní o ukončení 2. Boerskej vojny. 
Stojaci z lava do prava:  plk. Henderson, van Velden, mjr. Watson, H. Fraser, mjr. Maxwell, H. de Jager. 
Sediaci z lava do prva  de Wet, gen. Botha, Kitchener, plk. Hamilton.

počas vyjednávaní o ukončení 2. Boerskej vojny.
Stojaci z lava do prava: plk. Henderson, van Velden, mjr. Watson, H. Fraser, mjr. Maxwell, H. de Jager.
Sediaci z lava do prva de Wet, gen. Botha, Kitchener, plk. Hamilton.

Hamilton, Ian Standish Monteith - Ako vojenský poyorovatel za britskú armádu počas japonsko-ruskej vojny. spolu s nim je na foto gen. Kuroki Tamemoto
1904,  bitva Shaho.

Ako vojenský poyorovatel za britskú armádu počas japonsko-ruskej vojny. spolu s nim je na foto gen. Kuroki Tamemoto
1904, bitva Shaho.

Hamilton, Ian Standish Monteith -  General Sir Ian Hamilton s genpor. Sir William Birdwood odchádzajú po tom ako vykonali inšpekciu u Královskej námornej divízie.
Dardanely, Turecko. 1915

General Sir Ian Hamilton s genpor. Sir William Birdwood odchádzajú po tom ako vykonali inšpekciu u Královskej námornej divízie.
Dardanely, Turecko. 1915

URL : https://www.valka.cz/Hamilton-Ian-Standish-Monteith-t14617#744972 Version : 0
General Sir Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton, GCB, GCMG, DSO, TD

He was born on 16 January 1853 on the island of Corfu to Mary Corinne Hamilton and Colonel Christian Monteith Hamilton. He spent his student years at Cheam School in Tabor Court, Wellington College in Crowthorne, Berkshire and the Royal Military College in Sandhurst, Berkshire. He obtained his officer's patent, as opposed to the then common coup d'oeuvre, after passing his examinations in 1870. He spent a year with General Dammers, the former commander of Hanoverian troops in the war against Prussia in 1866, before joining the unit. In 1872 Hamilton joined the 12th (East Suffolk) Foot Regiment with whom he gained his first experience of field command, in the suppression of the Irish Curragh riots on 9 August 1873. In November of that year he enlisted with his father's former unit, the 92nd (Gordon Highlanders) Regiment of Foot, stationed in India. His track record in improving the regiment's marksmanship earned him appointment as a Musketry Instructor and the 92nd a reputation as the best-shooting unit in India.


During the Second Afghan War, fought from 1878 to 1880, the 92nd was attached to the Frontier Force led by Major General Sir Frederick Sleigh Roberts. Hamilton came to Roberts' attention in July 1879 when he repulsed an attack by an enemy force at Peiwar Kotal, when he was actually supposed to be recovering from a fever. On Roberts' recommendation, Hamilton became aide-de-camp to Brigadier General William Godfrey Dunham Massy, commander of the cavalry brigade of Frontier Force. After the Battle of Charasia on 6 October 1879 and other ailments, Hamilton managed to arrange his reenlistment with the Gordons Highlanders and saw action with them at the Battle of Kandahar on 1 September 1880.


Early in the First Boer War (Transvaal Rebellion), the Gordons were detached to Natal. Hamilton took part in the Battle of Mont Majuba on 27 January 1881 where the Boers, under Nicolaas Smith, attacked the advantageous but ill-prepared English positions. Of the 589 British, Major General Sir George Pomeroy Colley, the Governor of Natal, was killed, along with 84 other soldiers and officers. Among the 131 wounded was Hamilton, shot in the left wrist. Despite the excellent medical care that followed, he was permanently paralysed in his left arm. For his bravery, he was invited to dinner at Queen Victoria's and promoted to the rank of Captain. A recommendation for the Victoria Cross(VC) was refused on the grounds of his young age (28). While preparing for Staff College, an appointment as Adjutant to the Commander-in-Chief (Commander-in-Chief) at Madras, India, Robets, came through.


In 1884 he joined as Commandant of the D Company 1st Battalion 92nd Regiment, with which he was [colour=blue]in charge of the First Sudan Expedition[/colour]. The Gordons were assigned to the River Column of the Expeditionary Force, intended to support General Sir Charles Gordon in Khartoum. On 10 February 1885 he took part in the Battle of Kirkeban. Despite the overall failure of the operation, in November 1885, for meritorious service Hamilton was promoted to the rank of Brevet Major.


On his return from Africa he resumed his work on Roberts' staff, and under his command took part in the punitive expedition to Burma in 1886. On his return he attains the rank of Brevet Lieutenant Colonel and in February 1887 marries Jean Muir, daughter of the merchant Sir John Muir, at Calcutta Cathedral. For his distinguished work as Assistant Adjutant General for Musketry in Bengal, India (1890-1893), he is promoted to the rank of Colonel and is awarded the Distinguished Service Order(DSO).
Following Roberts' departure for England, Hamilton becomes Military Secretary to his successor, General Sir George Stuart White. In the following years he held the posts of Commander-in-Chief East Indies (1893-1895); Assistant Adjutant General and Assistant Quarter Master General, Chitral Relief Force, North West Frontier (1895); Deputy Quarter Master General in India (1895-1898). In 1895 he was decorated with the Order of the Bath - Companion (CB). In 1897 he was given command of the 1st Brigade and from February 1898 of the 3rd Brigade, Tirah Expeditionary Force, Indian NorthWest Frontier, fighting local tribes on the Afghan-Indian frontier. Here he became close to Winston Churchill, whom he met during the Boer campaign. After the fighting ended, he returned to England, where he took over the management of the School of Musketry in Hythe, County Kent for a year.
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After the Second Boer War broke out, Hamilton became Assistant Adjutant General and Chief of Staff, Natal Field Force[/url]entrusted to White. With the temporarily-loaned rank of Major General, he commanded the 7th Brigade for a year. For his splendid leadership and personal courage in repelling the Boer attack at the Battle of Elandslaagte on 21 October 1898, White nominated him for VC. The award was again refused. After the abortive British offensive and White's retreat to Ladysmith, Hamilton successfully defended the defensive sector C entrusted to him. The heaviest fighting took place on 6 January 1899 on the heights of Wagon Hill and Caesar's Camp. Boer troops penetrated as far as the British positions and Hamilton's troops managed to dislodge them in a man-to-man fight after 16 hours with the help of Gordon Highlanders led by Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Dick-Cunyngham. For meritorious service, Hamilton was awarded the brevet rank of Lieutenant General and commissioned to command the Mounted Infantry Division. His division, designated as part of the force reserved by the new Commander-in-Chief, Roberts, for the capture of Pretoria, covered 400 miles in two months, through inhospitable territory, under constant skirmishing with Boer troops. This journey was described by Churchill in his book Ian Hamilton's march. After the indecisive Battle of Diamond Hill, Hamilton pursued the Transvaal general Christiaan de Wet. During the battle of Haidelburgh, he fell from his horse and broke his collarbone. He had to relinquish command of his division, but just a month later he took part in another, unsuccessful, attempt to capture de Wet.
After Roberts' appointment as Commander-in-Chief of the Army, Hamilton was designated as his Military Secretary. He returned to London on 2 January 1901 with the permanent rank of Major General and the Order of the Bath - Knight Commander (KCB).
However, by 29.11.1901 he was back in South Africa as Chief of Staff to the new Commander-in-Chief in South Africa, General
Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Baron Kitchener of Khartoum and Aspall. In April 1902 he is put in charge of an army of 17,000 in the Western Transvaal, destined for the final defeat of the Boers. He successfully repulses a Boer counter-offensive at Rooival on 11 April 1902, and also participates in the peace negotiations at Vereening in late May of that year.


Returning home in July 1902, he is promoted to the permanent rank of Lieutenant General and continues to work as Military Secretary at the War Office until 1903. For a year he serves as Quarter Master General to the Forces. From 7 December 1904 to 26 October 1914 he is Colonel of the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders. In February 1904 he goes to Japan as military attaché. During the Russo-Japanese War he is assigned to the Japanese First Army in Manchuria. In his official reports, he dismisses the role of cavalry in the modern army, earning him a reprimand from the War Office. In the following years he holds the posts of General Officer Commanding Southern Command, 1905-1909; Adjutant General to the Forces, 1909-1910. During this period he travels extensively in Russia, Germany and Austria-Hungary. In October 1907 he attains the rank of Gen. From 1910 he holds the posts of General Officer Commanding Mediterranean Command and Inspector General of Overseas Forces, which entails further travels in all the countries of the Empire. At the same time he is awarded the Order of the Bath - Knight Grand Cross (CGB).


With the start of World War I in 1914, comes the appointment of Commander-in-Chief Central Force, Home Defence. He is responsible for the training of reserve and territorial troops and the defence of London. From 26 October 1914 to 1 June 1939 he is Colonel of the Gordon Highlanders. However, he wants to take an active part in combat and so asks Field Marshal Sir John French for the opportunity to serve with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Continent. Due to political pressures, his request is denied, but at the same time an offer comes from Kitchener to take over as Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force (MEF)
. Kitchener's original plan called for a rapid movement of MEF troops across the Dardanelles to Constantinople, where they were to rendezvous with Russian forces and together take the city. Due to the Navy's unwillingness to risk its best ships and inadequate preparation, constant delays in the start of the landings, and political machinations, the promising plan turned into what would go down in history as the disaster at Gallipoli. Despite the inhospitable conditions, Hamilton managed to surprise the Turks on several occasions, but all attempts to end the operation quickly failed. Hamilton's criticism of those involved and refusal to evacuate the captured positions led to his dismissal on 16 October 1915.
The British government appointed the so-called Dardanelles Commission to investigate the matter. Hamilton was called as a witness on several occasions and produced much relevant evidence. The ban on publication of the results of the inquiry until 1919, made it impossible for Hamilton to clear his name and virtually ended his career. From August 1918 to 1920 he held the post of Lieutenant of the Tower of London. In March of the following year, Churchill, seeking to save his friend's career, offers him the post of Commander of Northern Command. Hamilton declines, however, and after being awarded the Order of St. Michael & St. George - Knight Grand Cross (GCMG) in 1920, he retires from the army.


In October 1918, he is appointed by the government to chair a commission to determine the use of £10 million intended for war veterans and ex-servicemen of the armed forces. The Commission draws up a scheme for a single organisation, bringing together all existing veterans' organisations. Thus, in 1921, the Royal British Legion is formed. Hamilton's tireless work on behalf of ex-servicemen is recognised in 1922 with his election as President of the London Metropolitan Area British Legion. From 1932 and 1935 respectively he held the posts of President of the South African War Veterans' Association and President of the British Legion in Scotland.
At the same time, he worked for rapprochement and peaceful coexistence between Britain and Germany. In 1934 he visits Germany and receives from President Hindenburg a drum belonging to the Gordon Highlanders, left in Belgium in 1914. He organizes meetings of veterans of both sides in August 1938 in Germany, where he spends a few days with Adolf Hitler in Berchtesgaden, and in September 1938 in England. He becomes Governor of Wellington College and Lord Rector of Edinburgh University from 1933 to 1936.


In addition to his intense literary activity, he appears in public speaking engagements, gives interviews to newspapers and magazines and is a frequent guest on BBC broadcasts in the inter-war period. He also appears in the film Tell England (1930), playing his own character, a MEF commander, and introduces a documentary on the First World War, Forgotten Men (1934).
Hamilton's wife Jean dies in February 1941. They have two adopted children, a daughter Rosaleen James and a son Harold Stone Knight. The latter dies in 1941 fighting in Libya, as a member of the Scots Guards. Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton dies on 12 October 1947 at his home at 1 Hyde Park Gardens, London.
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Literárna tvorba Sira Iana Hamiltona :


A jaunt in a junk (Kegan Paul, Trench and Co, London, 1884)
The fighting of the future (Kegan Paul, Trench and Co, London, 1885)
Icarus (Vizetelly's one volume novels, Vol 18, 1886)
The ballad of Hádji and other poems (Kegan Paul, Trench and Co, London, 1887)
A staff officer's scrap-book during the Russo-Japanese War (Edward Arnold, London, dva zväzky, 1905 a 1907; druhé vydanie 1912)
A military and medical view of the temperance question (Malta Chronicle, Valetta, 1910)
Compulsory service, a study of the question in the light of experience (John Murray, London, 1910, 1911)
National life and national training Birmingham and Midlands Institute Presidential Address (Birmingham, 1912)
Sir Ian Hamilton's despatches from the Dardanelles (George Newnes, London, 1916, 1917)
The millennium? (Edward Arnold, London, 1919)
Gallipoli diary (Edward Arnold, London, 1920, nové vydanie 1930)
The soul and body of an army (Edward Arnold and Co, London, 1921, nové vydanie 1991)
The friends of England, lectures to members of the British Legion (G Allen Unwin, London, 1923)
Now and then (Methuen and Co, London, 1926)
Belted Galloways (Vinton and Co, London, 1930)
Anti-commando, an account of Sir Aubrey Woolls-Sampson's part in the South African War, 1899-1902 by Victor Sampson and Hamilton (Faber and Faber, London, 1931)
When I was a boy (Faber and Faber, London, 1939)
Jean, a memoir on Jean, Lady Hamilton (súkromná tlač, London, 1941; Faber and Faber, London, 1942)
Listening for the drums (Faber and Faber, London, 1944)
The commander edited by Maj Anthony Farrar-Hockley (Hollis and Carter, London, 1957)
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Hamilton-Ian-Standish-Monteith-t14617#55397 Version : 0
12 Mar 1915, General Sir Ian Hamilton appointed C-in-C, Mediterranean (Dardanelles) Expeditionary Force. During next 6 months oversaw operations against Turks at Gallipoli but suffered heavy casualties & made little headway. Recalled 16 Oct 1915 & given no further command. #WW1 pic.twitter.com/adZExLtnpH
— Revd Nicholas Pye (@RevdPye) March 12, 2024
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Hamilton-Ian-Standish-Monteith-t14617#751868 Version : 0
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