SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 "Long Track")

1RL128D - Surveillance radar used to detect airborne targets alone or as part of a suite.


In conjunction with the RL altimeter (PRV-16,PRV-9), it operates as a 3D radar with the designation P-40 "ARMOR" (in NATO code "Long Track", introduced into the armament in 1963)


The 2K11 "KRUG" kit operates as a 1S12 target acquisition station (introduced into the armament in 1965). More about the 2K11 "KRUG" kit and its individual parts in the following article.


Citace :

The 1S12 surveillance radar is used to detect enemy air targets and to transmit their coordinates to the 1S32 radar. The vehicle is built on a U-426 chassis (a modified AT-T heavy artillery tractor). The vehicle is equipped with a filtration device to protect the crew from the effects of weapons of mass destruction. In the driver's cabin there are control panels of two power plants, two R 123 radios with SPU 7 tank-call equipment and navigation equipment. Behind the driver's cab is a box superstructure consisting of three sections. The first is the combat compartment, where four workstations with three radar screens are located. It also houses the switching panel, the electronic interference protection device, the data storage system, the AT III M navigation system and the RL 225 identification device. During the movement of the asset, the navigation device recorded the distance left to travel, thus enabling the position of the asset and the radar antenna to be immediately indicated when the combat position was taken. The second section is the transmitter area. The third section of the superstructure houses two gas turbines and connections for external power. Since the gas turbines had a considerable consumption (about 80 liters per hour), the 1S12 could be powered by an electric generator located on a two-axle trailer.
The total capacity of the three fuel tanks (2x 400 l, 1x 250 l) was 1,050 litres of diesel. It took about ten minutes to deploy the vehicle. The lifting of the antenna was practically done manually, in the case of the parabolic antenna it was then provided by an electric motor. The number of rotations of the antenna could be set to 12 or 16 per minute. The 1S12 radar could intercept enemy aircraft at a distance of 180 km at an altitude of 12,000 m or at a distance of 70 km at a flight altitude of 500 m. The impulse power was 1.7 to 1.8 MW. The crew of the 1S12 radar consisted of five men: the squad leader, the radar chief, the driver and three operators. The driver was responsible for, among other things, powering the systems during his tour of duty. The third operator usually operated the radio and telephone switchboard
.
The radar was upgraded in 1966-1968.


1S12 modification:
- 1S12A
- 1S12A1
- 1S12M1


P-40 modifications (1RL128D):
- 1RL111D
- P-40A-1 (1RL128D-1)
- P-40M1 (1RL128DM1)


Tactical specifications:
Frequency: : ~2.6 GHz
Pulse power: 1,6-1,8 MW
Repeat frequency: 400/800 Hz
Antenna speed: 12/16 rpm


Max. target detection distance: 350 km
Target detection range at altitude
- 500 m: 70 km (85 km after upgrade)
- 6000 m: 150 km (220 km after upgrade)
- 12000 m: 180 km (230 km after upgrade)
Distinctive capability:
- at a distance of 1500 m
- in azimuth 1,5°
Combat readiness time: up to 10 min (including antenna deployment)
Antenna deployment: manual or electromotive



Electrical power supply: 3x220 V/400 Hz
Power input: 52 kW
EC: 2 x gas turbine, 8 hours of operation, or outboard power pack


Operator: 5


Dimensions:
- Length: 9700 mm
- Width: 3200 mm
- height: 4100 mm
Weight: 36700 kg
Max. speed: 40 km/h
Chassis: U-426 (a modification of the heavy artillery tractor AT-T with seven running wheels)
Fuel capacity: 1050 l (2x400 l, 1x250 l)
Driving range: 200 km
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#141906 Version : 0
accuracy of electrical coordinates at a distance of +-1km
in azimuth +-1°
auxiliary antenna rotation speed 0.25 rpm
max. wind speed - 25 m/s without icing on the antenna
- 10 m/s with full antenna icing
antenna diagram - zone 1 - pencil characteristic
2nd and 3rd zone - leaf characteristics
4th zone - trapezoidal
carrier frequencies - 8 pairs of operating values
2 gas turbines 2PV8 2x75 kW
2 AT-75 generators of 52 kw
2 radio stations R-123
1 radio station R-802
operator - RL commander
- squad leader
- senior operator
- operator
- turbine engineer
- senior driver - mechanic
number of indicators - 3 ( main and reserve commander, senior operator indicator)
The vehicle can also be powered from an external source - from the permanent mains or from the EC PDCT-140 via a PSČ-100 converter, or power supply from PES-100.
engine cylinder diameter 150 mm
stroke - left piston 180 mm
- right piston 186.7 mm
dry clutch, 17 blades, 9 driving and 8 driven blades
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#181160 Version : 0
TUE: 1RL 128D -- U 426
Engine: A426 four-stroke, compression-ignition, liquid-cooled, 12-cylinder, arranged in a V at an angle of 60°
cylinder capacity .......................... 38,881 l
engine power at 2000 rpm ... 520k
min. engine speed .................. 780-800 rpm
max engine speed .................. 2250 rpm
Coupling: dry, slatted
Transmission: 6 speed with inertial synchronisation on 2,3,4,5 prev. 4 & 4 gears
Mech. Rotation: planetary 2-speed, with locking clutch
Chassis: waist chassis, towing wheels in front. Number of links on one belt 119 pcs
Power supply: 24V, series-parallel connected, 4 pcs
Operating values:
Oil temperature .................. 70-90 °C
max. oil temperature .......... 110 °C
oil pressure ....................... 5-10 kg/cm3
cooling temperature 105 °C
sufficient air pressure to ensure starting min;
summer ............. 40 kg/cm3
winter ........... 60 kg/cm3
Fuel consumption:
per 100 km ............. 280-340 l
per 1 Mh ................. 50 l
turbine per 1 Mh ...... 100 l
engine heating in 1 h ..1-1.2 l
oil consumption per 100 km ..6l
per 1 Mh ................. 1.6 l
Throughput:
25° gradient
lateral inclination 20°
Wadeability 1m
Dimensions:
length ................. 9700 mm
width ................. 3210 mm
height without antenna ..... 3336 mm
with coiled antenna .. 4150 mm
ground clearance ...... 400
weight ........... 36,7 T
tank capacity ...... 1440 l
average speed .... 20 km/h
max. speed ........... 35 km/h
continuous operation time .. 24 h
fuel supply sufficient to ensure 8 h. of radar operation and 200 km of movement


I got the information from my notebook, in 2001 during the ZVS I had the position of driver-mechanic in VU Rožňava.
It was said that the number of these radars in Slovakia is 4 pcs.
2 of them were in Rožnava. Is it true?
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#156459 Version : 0
...
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#104262 Version : 0
here are fotecky of http://www.pvo.guns.ru/rtv/p40.htm. In the chapter, that there is, are quite interesting details..
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#109808 Version : 0
In the pictures it is shown RL rangefinder 1RL128(D,DM,DM1), which is part of the RL, an ensemble of P-40. In an ensemble of P-40 it is necessary to include RL altimeter PRV-9 or RDP-16..
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#112116 Version : 0
From the armament of the Slovak Army...


Although the picture caption says 1S12, it is not true - the pictures show a 1RL128D radar. (buko1 18/09/2006)
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - img59.imageshack.us

img59.imageshack.us
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - img59.imageshack.us

img59.imageshack.us
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#153322 Version : 0
Carriage after zeleznici...

Aj in this case the ide about 1RL128D. (buko1 18/09/2006).
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - img59.imageshack.us

img59.imageshack.us
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#153323 Version : 0
The driver's seat.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#154804 Version : 0
7 - workplace operators
6 - the cabin of the car.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#154805 Version : 0
...

Behold here is a mix of 1RL128D and 1S12 - specifically, last square is the 1S12 (buko1, 18/09/2006).
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#155425 Version : 0
Regarding the limited ability to determine altitude - the following figures show a close-up of the antenna radiators and a demonstration of the radiation characteristics of the radar when using different radiators - if we use all radiators, we are able to detect targets in all altitude zones. If we use only certain emitters, we can only detect targets in a certain altitude level - in total 4 altitude levels are possible. (I'm drawing from my memory, if I can still find my VA SNP notebook I'll put the details here)



Source: author's archive
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Možná vyžarovacia charakteristika (archív autora)

Možná vyžarovacia charakteristika (archív autora)
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Detail na žiariče (archív autora)

Detail na žiariče (archív autora)
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#178153 Version : 0
A few snapshots of the differences between the 1S12 and 1RL128 (visual). The 1S12 has a telecoded link system to the anti-aircraft battery missile guidance station and the topo link system, compared to the 1RL128D.


1RL128 / 1S12















Source: http://mitglied.lycos.de/azerbst/tla/register.html & bottom photo by Martin Smíšek
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#178155 Version : 0

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A ešte jedna fotografia, tentoraz 1S12:



(Zdroj: /topic/view/639/ )
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#178156 Version : 0
In my archive I came across some interesting photos. In particular, it is 1S12 (as I understood from previous photos), which was upgraded for the command post at TATRAPAN. The vehicle served on the battery of the command of the 2nd plrsk of the 35th plrb Rožňava and had the tactical čnumber 200 (it was sprayed later than this photo was taken). It also participated in the 1998 Cooperative Chance exercise at Leszto as part of BV-1 1st plrc (see attached photo). At BV-1 was 1RL-128 with the tactical čnumber 100, which was transported in the spring of 1998 by sleepers over the Soroska mountain pass from Veľkej Ida.
One 128 (possibly 1S12, I don't remember the details, even though I worked on it like a horse) was preserved in the Military Air Defence Training Centre in Poprad until 2002, when it was taken to the museum in Piešťany.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Terminál Letvis vo vozidle 1S12 z roku 1998 - Rožňava

Terminál Letvis vo vozidle 1S12 z roku 1998 - Rožňava
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Pohľad na prednú časť vozidla - BV-2, Rožňava

Pohľad na prednú časť vozidla - BV-2, Rožňava
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Niekde na Lešti - Rožňava

Niekde na Lešti - Rožňava
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - 1S12 2. plrsk Rožňava

1S12 2. plrsk Rožňava
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#181150 Version : 0

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Toto je sken snímky 1S12 v bojovej polohe z originálnej sovietskej dokumentácie. Na snímke je okrem systému PAROL slabo viditeľný i systém KREMNYJ.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#185537 Version : 0
The scanned image you sent is from the original Soviet photo documentation of the P-40 from Stříbro, where I was in the army 1984-86.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#286951 Version : 0

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Polská Agata (1S12)
exponát Varšavského muzea
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - vlastní foto

vlastní foto
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#290945 Version : 0
I found a photo from 1995 in VVP Lest
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - tu je foto tej istej masiny ako od Janko PALIGA... mimochodom ten vlavo som ja :-)

tu je foto tej istej masiny ako od Janko PALIGA... mimochodom ten vlavo som ja :-)
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#309417 Version : 0
But last time I managed to take detailed pictures of PAROL antenna as well as dipoles KREMNYJ on 1RL128D1 radiator. At the end are pictures of 1RL128D1 with VPZ 822-28-97.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Systém KREMNYJ-2

Systém KREMNYJ-2
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#317991 Version : 0

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Foto popradského RL "745" a antény NRZ a PBS.


Foto: Vlastná návšteva vo vojenskom múzeu Piešťany, 29.5.2010
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Popradská mašina.

Popradská mašina.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Popradská mašina.

Popradská mašina.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Anténa NRZ.

Anténa NRZ.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Anténa potlačenia bočných slučiek na zrkadle RL..

Anténa potlačenia bočných slučiek na zrkadle RL..
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Anténa potlačenia bočných slučiek na zrkadle RL.

Anténa potlačenia bočných slučiek na zrkadle RL.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#370389 Version : 0
One walkaround, probably 1RL128 by the external features, although the author writes that it is 1S12.


http://www.dishmodels.com/wshow.htm?p=1993
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#424466 Version : 0

Diskuse

I have a question...what was that vertical rectangular thing on the left side of the "mattress" of the 1S12 antenna
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#182244 Version : 0
I'm not 100% sure, but it could be 90% of the RL antenna of the Parol system (a similar antenna, only simpler, was on the Parol-equipped P-19 radars). The remaining 10% mayže some sort of side lobe compensation system... (but I'm more inclined to Parol).
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#182245 Version : 0

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tipoval jsem že to tak bude Smile
Ta kompenzace se mi moc nezdá...bylo by to symetricky umístěné...boční laloky na symetrické anténě vznikají symetricky (pokud neni zářič mimo osu) takže i kompenzace by měla být po obou stranách...kompenzace jednoho laloku v horizontální rovině nemá smysl...nebo ano?
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#182251 Version : 0
According to Janes Radar 1997-98 it is an IFF system, not specified what kind, which confirms more precise info from the beech.
The side lobe suppression could theoretically be, but it is indeed normally done symmetrically. It could be done from one side, but it would probably cause practical problems. Probably a phase shift, but I'm not sure and I don't have access to my literature at the moment...
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#182264 Version : 0
Indeed the device on the left side of the radar antenna is the ground radar interrogator (GRI) antenna. The latter is designed for radar target recognition and determining the affiliation of transponder-equipped aircraft.
The equipment consists of:
- a signal imitator
- a receiver
- a transmitter
- a power supply block
- AVS block
- ZIP kit block


The principle of operation consists in the mutual cooperation of two RL devices, of which the interrogator is located in the radar and the transponder on the corresponding airborne vehicle. The signals radiated by the interrogator antenna are received by the transponder antenna and, after processing, trigger the transponder transmitter. The transmitted signal is received by the interrogator antenna and processed by the receiver and is further displayed as a bright mark, beyond the bright mark of the target at a distance to which the signal was transmitted.
Tuning, adjustment and checking for correct operation is carried out by means of a simulator which imitates the aircraft response signal. This signal is radiated by the imitator rod antenna and received by the interrogator antenna, decoded and processed by the receiver. As a result of this control, an all-circle mark at a range of 50 to 60 km is produced. If the signal does not appear, a check is necessary:
- the frequency of the local oscillator
- the initial noise level of the receiver
- the time relay
- transmitter


If I remember correctly, NRZ worked in the KREMNYJ-2 system, but I can't document it 100%. But if it is known what system the CSRL aircraft transponders were operating in in the late 80's, it is possible that the NRZ was operating in the same system. I'm happy to be educated on this.


One more small note on the side lobe sweep blocks - they should be the green blocks marked with an arrow in the attached photo.
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - Šípky ukazujú bloky na potlačenie bočných lalokov.

Šípky ukazujú bloky na potlačenie bočných lalokov.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#182299 Version : 0
As for the Kremnyj-2 antenna - one is visible on the RPK-1 radar - it's the "little tree" above the parabolic antenna. While the Parol antenna is clearly visible in the 1L22 Parol topic - the antenna on this vehicle has exactly the same system as the 1S12 antenna (I'd be surprised if it wasn't there - it's basically a separate PAROL radar interrogator) (well, pretty much the same one, its designation is NRZ-4P).


The designation of this particular Parol system was NRZ-5P, and in addition to the 1S12, it was also used on the P-19 radars (one P-19 with this system was in VVTŠ in Liptovsky Mikulas in 1993-1995) - detail of the antenna on 1RL128:
and the location of this interrogator on the P-19 antenna: (located on the right side of the antenna from the observer's view).
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#182309 Version : 0
I add photo of P-40 antenna system with position of Kremnyj-2 (1RL225) antennas (Parol interrogator is also on the photo)

1. Radar beacons
2. Antennas of RL interrogator 1RL225


Without Parole:




Source: http://www.rwd-mb3.de/pages/p40.htm
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#182313 Version : 0

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nemyslím že sa jednalo o systém parol, ten je podstatne modernejší a k nám prichádzal až od polovice 80 rokov.
Skôr by som povedal že to je starý známy NRZ, ktorý bol používaný aj v rádiolokátoroch P-37
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#261454 Version : 0

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Aj Kremnyj 2, aj PAROL sú systémy NRZ.... Neviem o tom, že by sa u nás používali nejaké iné.... Jediné snímky P-37 s NRZ som našiel tu: forum.valka.cz a tam podľa mňa ide o PAROL.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#261469 Version : 0
Under my zdrojov bolo identifikačné zariadenie umiestnené in RL P-40 referred to LDC-5M
www.russianarms.ru

Each súprava P-37 mala built-in LDC (Nazemnyj radiolokacionnyj zaproščik) mode Kremnyj, the antennas are small dipoles on the side žiariča hornej antenna. Ako uvádza Buko, antenna NRZ system Kremnyj on RL 1S12/1RL128 are well umiestnené has affected the žiaričov. Bočná antenna umiestnená on hornom reflektore anténnej unit P-37 slúžila on potlačenie odrazov of bočných slučiek system aktívnej odpovede and nie ako antenna system Paroľ..
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#263372 Version : 0

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To : ppalko


Myslím, že naozaj nemáš správne informácie.


RLS 1RL128 i 1S12 boli vybavené pozemným dopytovačom „TANTAL-KIM“ (izdelije 1RL225), ktorý slúžil k určovaniu príslušnosti vlastných lietadiel. Dopytovač pracoval v systéme rádiolokačného rozpoznávania „KREMNIJ-2“ a patril do súpravy zariadenia rádiolokačného diaľkomeru. Anténa dopytovača bola konštrukčne spojená s anténou diaľkomeru a mala s ňou spoločný parabolický reflektor. Žiarič dopytovača sa skladal z troch dvojíc žiaričov, umiestnených zvisle a upevnených na žiariči antény rádiolokačného kanála (zjednodušene : stromčeky na vrchole žiaričov – ako to opísal už Buko1).


Ďalším samostatným pozemným dopytovačom, ktorý Sovieti nazvali všeobecne PAROĽ bolo zariadenie :
1. NRZ-4P (izdelije 1L22) u RLS P-18 na podvozku Ural 375. Tento dopytovač používali aj RLS P-12, P-15, P-35 a P-37.
2. NRZ-5P (izdelije 1L23) zabudované v RLS P-19, 22Ž6 Desna.
3. NRZ-5M (izdelije 1L23-6) zabudované v RLS P-40.
4. NRZ-6P (izdelije 1L24) zabudované v RLS 19Ž6 (ST-68U) a na OZ 9A33 OSA AK.


Myslím že vysvetľovať zloženie a princíp činnosti jednotlivých zariadení by bolo nosením dreva do lesa.


Čo sa týka potlačovania bočných lalokov, myslím že najlepšie to vysvetlil janko paliga.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#263902 Version : 0

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to Buko1: V príspevku na začiatku tejto stránky zo dňa 15.10.2006 píšeš, že na obrázku je detail antény 1S12, ale nesedí mi jeden z rozpoznávacích znakov ktorý je na tom obrázku vidieť, a to je tá kovová konštrukcia oválneho tvaru (vetvolam, ochrana antény v transportnej polohe), ktorá sa nachádza na 1RL128. Tak čo je správne?
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#263904 Version : 0

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Michal, toto by som vôbec neriešil. Tá ochrana (ak som to správne pochopil - na streche kabíny vodiča) je správne určená pre anténu PAROL-u. 1RL128 ju má mať a 1S12 nie. Mal by to byť rozlišovací znak, čo tvrdia napr. aj nemecké pramene. Ale už z môjho predchádzajúceho príspevku vyplýva, že tieto rozlišovacie znaky nemusia byť vždy verifikátorom verzie. Najlepšiu informáciu o tom, o akú RLS ide, Ti dá vždy až pohľad na prístrojové vybavenie, pretože tieto RLS sa od seba mierne odlišovali. Pripravujem na túto tému taký šikovný článoček, ktorý by to všetko osvetlil.
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Michal: to na tom obrázku je súčasť vozidla? Ospravedlňujem sa za mystifikáciu. Buď to bolo v tej dobe zle uvedené v zdroji, alebo som bol v tom čase slepý.... - http://www.rwd-mb3.de/pages/parol.htm - opravujem.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#263928 Version : 0

Citace - CATTLE :

Michal, this would be som vôbec neriešil. The protection of (ak som it correctly understood - on streche kabíny vodiča) is properly addressed pre antenna PAROL-u. 1RL128 ju has to have and 1S12 nie. Mal would even distinctive character, what tvrdia eg. behold the German spring. But I môjho predchádzajúceho postings emerges if that tieto rozlišovacie characters nemusia albeit always verifikátorom version. Najlepšiu informáciu about it, about what about RLS ide, You can always pohľad on the instrument vybavenie, because tieto RLS sa from seba mierne differ. Pripravujem on this topic too handy článoček, who would be left standing osvetlil.


I would som it riešil, this is the sa me a clear určenie vonkajších (aj vnútorných) rozdielov between týmito RL stanicami. Pokiaľ is článok, as this describes, on the way, I'll wait Smile
Ešte ma zaujíma, keďže tieto RLS cooperated with výškomermi RDP-9/16, nachádzal sa vo vnútri 1S12/1RL128 indicator of height? Viem on pracovnom mieste operator PRVčka bol džojstik pre marker určenia height, but I don't know, or wasn't designed len pre ASV type VP-M Sad.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#274396 Version : 0
And look what som našiel:
old.vko.ru

"1965 г. Завершена разработка унифицированной РЛС КО 1С12 (1РЛ111Д) - мобильной, на одной транспортной единице, с временем развертывания не более 5 минут (главные конструкторы Л.Ф. Альтерман, В.В. Райзберг). РЛС КО 1С12 использовалась для целеуказания в ЗРК "Круг", а РЛС КО 1РЛ111Д предназначалась для использования в радиолокационном поле (РЛП). За разработку РЛС КО 1С12 главный конструктор В.В. Райзберг был удостоен в 1967 г. звания Лауреата Ленинской премии.

1968 г. Завершена модернизация унифицированной РЛС КО 1С12А (1РЛ128Д) (главный конструктор Н.А. Вольский), имеющей большую дальность обнаружения целей на малых высотах, чем у РЛС КО 1С12 (1РЛ111Д), а также возможность определения третьей координаты цели (высоты).“


"The year 1965. Completed work on the rádiolokačnej station circular horizon 1S12 (1RL111D)- mobilná, on the one transportnej jednotke, with the times rozvinutia change ako 5 minutes (main konštruktéri L.F.Aľterman, In.In.Rajzberg). RL stanica circular horizon 1S12 was used as prehľadový/riadiaci RL protilietadlového missile system "Krug", and RL 1RL111D is intended to použitie in rádiolokačnom field. For vypracovanie RL 1S12 bol in 1967, the main konštruktér In.In.Rajzberg odmenený vyznamenaním Laureate Leninskej prices.

1968. Closed by modernizácia RL station round the horizon 1S12A (1RL128D) (main konštruktér N.And.Voľskyj) that mala väčšiu diaľku zistenia cieľov on small výškach ako RL stanica 1S12 (1RL111D), and well able to určenia tretej súradnice (height)“

Toľko budget compilation. My opinion, vyplývajúci of predchádzajúceho, is that the pri designated prescribed two RL stations we mali používať rozlíšenie 1S12 vs. 1S12A, or 1RL111D vs. 1RL128D (by analogy ako e. g. ST-68U vs. ST-68UM and 19Ž6 vs. 36D6)
Alebo sa possible..
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#274435 Version : 0
I don't understand...


These modifications, including the fact that in 1966-1968 modernization works were underway are mentioned here, although there are not so many details - forum.valka.cz , otherwise thanks for the info, I finally know where I got the information for this article - SOV - 5N64 / 64N6 (surveillance radar), where I mentioned these modernizations...


1S12 modifications:
- 1S12A
- 1S12A1
- 1S12M1


P-40 modifications (1RL128D):
- 1RL111D
- P-40A-1 (1RL128D-1)
- P-40M1 (1RL128DM1)


What do you mean by resolution?
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#274446 Version : 0

Citace - buko1 :

I don't understand...


These modifications, including the fact that modernization work was going on in 1966-1968 are mentioned here, although there are not so many details given - forum.valka.cz , otherwise thanks for the info, I finally know where I got the information for this article from - SOV - 5N64 / 64N6 (surveillance radar), where I listed these modernizations...


1S12 modifications:
- 1S12A
- 1S12A1
- 1S12M1


P-40 modifications (1RL128D):
- 1RL111D
- P-40A-1 (1RL128D-1)
- P-40M1 (1RL128DM1)


What do you mean by resolution
?


Citace - buko1 :

1RL128D - a surveillance radar used to detect aerial targets alone or as part of a suite.


In conjunction with the RL altimeter (PRV-16,PRV-9) it works as a 3D radar with the designation P-40 "ARMOR" (in NATO code "Long Track", introduced into the armament in 1963)



I'm getting confused, first the P-40 is a composite of 1RL128 and PRV-9/16, then it is listed as a solo radar 1RL111, 1RL128.
Rus writes that 1S12 is 1RL111 and 1S12A is 1RL128 (I'm omitting the additional letters). That's why I suggested the similarity with the markings of other RL assets, ST-68U=isdelije 19Ž6, ST-68UM=isdelije 36D6.I have no evidence, but isn't it like this: 1S12=isdelije 1RL111, 1S12A=isdelije 1RL128? The best evidence for this would be the first page of the technical description or instruction manual of the original documentation for the radar in question
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#274462 Version : 0
This will be more by use of - 1S12 - part of the PLRK, including additional equipment for data transmission, 1RL111 - part of the P-40, including additional systems for data transmission, although structurally it is the same radar.


The differences are due to the indices used:
- 1RL - radars and REB technology
- 1S - self-propelled radars (for air defence assets)



Regarding 19Ž6 and 36D6 and their designations ST-68U and ST-68UM - I think this is a designation that is not related to 1S12 and 1RL111 - 19Ž6 and 36D6 are code designations in the GRAU system, and ST-68U, ST-68UM is the manufacturer's designation for export...
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#274470 Version : 0
Hey, guys.
I haven't been here for a long time. But only briefly.


There are more of those differences and even visually identifiable, though not always reliable.


- Different antenna reflectors;
- the absence of the AT-IIIM navigation device in both 1RL111 and 1RL128;
- furthermore, in both 1RL111 and 1RL128, the absence of the 1S62 device for telecode information transmission between 1S12 and RR 1S32;
- different NRZ systems;
- Different sizes of ventilation exhalations behind the driver's cab;
- in 1S12 the absence of R-802 airborne radios;
- in 1S12, the absence of a guard ('garden') for the NRZ-5P antenna (1L23-6 PAROL) on the roof of the driver's cabin;
- etc.


Well, and probably what Buko1 has already written here, different intended use.
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Citace - SKOT :

...aj keď nie vždy spoľahlivých. ....



Veď práve Sad


Môžeš popísať, kde sa ktorý prvok rozlíšenia nachádza? Myslím, umiestnenie antén rádiostaníc a zariadení.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#280750 Version : 0
I dug out my LM VVTŠ technical training notebook on radar controllers. About 1RL128 and 1S12 radars I have the following:


The radar is used to detect targets and to notify antiaircraft units, formations, and volumes of them. It comes in two basic variants:
- P-40 radar rangefinder.
- 2K11 Krug


1S12A and 1RL128D differences:
1S12A - control radar, is equipped with 1S62 radio telecoder station and AT3M top coupler
1RL128D - surveillance radar, is equipped with R-802 aeronautical radio station and MS-61 tape recorder for connection registration.


It's basically the same as what SKOT has already mentioned here.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#295176 Version : 0

Citace - Janko PALIGA :

I came across some interesting photos in my archive. Namely, it is 1S12 (as I understood from previous photos), which was upgraded for the command post on TATRAPANE. The vehicle served at the battery command of the 2nd plrsk of the 35th plrb Rožňava and had the tactical number 200 (it was sprayed later than this photo was taken). It also took part in the 1998 Cooperative Chance exercise at Leszto as part of BV-1 1st plrsk (see attached photo). At BV-1 was 1RL-128 with the tactical number 100, which was transported by sleepers over the Soroska mountain pass from Velika Ida in the spring of 1998.
One 128 (or 1S12, I don't remember the details, although I rode it like a horse) was preserved in the Military Air Defence Training Centre in Poprad until 2002, where it was taken to the museum in Piešt'any
.[/quote


To Janko Paliga's post:
in this case it is not 1S12 but 1RL128D. 1S12 were never introduced in the armament of ASR or USSR. Only 4 pieces were in Jihlava (Czech Republic) at PLRB in PLR KRUG kit. Other facts are also not quite accurate, but they are irrelevant. I served in BV 2nd plrsk for several years Smile
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Citace - Michal Pertzian :

Citace - SKOT :

Michal, toto by som vôbec neriešil. Tá ochrana (ak som to správne pochopil - na streche kabíny vodiča) je správne určená pre anténu PAROL-u. 1RL128 ju má mať a 1S12 nie. Mal by to byť rozlišovací znak, čo tvrdia napr. aj nemecké pramene. Ale už z môjho predchádzajúceho príspevku vyplýva, že tieto rozlišovacie znaky nemusia byť vždy verifikátorom verzie. Najlepšiu informáciu o tom, o akú RLS ide, Ti dá vždy až pohľad na prístrojové vybavenie, pretože tieto RLS sa od seba mierne odlišovali. Pripravujem na túto tému taký šikovný článoček, ktorý by to všetko osvetlil.



Ja by som to riešil, jedná sa mi o jednoznačné určenie vonkajších (aj vnútorných) rozdielov medzi týmito RL stanicami. Pokiaľ je článok, ktorý toto popisuje, na ceste, rád počkám Smile
Ešte ma zaujíma, keďže tieto RLS spolupracovali s výškomermi PRV-9/16, nachádzal sa vo vnútri 1S12/1RL128 indikátor výšky? Viem že na pracovnom mieste operátora PRVčka bol džojstik pre marker určenia výšky, ale neviem či nebol určený len pre ASV typu VP-M Sad




Chcel by som este raz pripomenut, ze na slovensku 1S12 vo vyzbroji nebol a ani netvoril komplet s PRV-9/16. Komplet sa tvoril len s 1RL111 a 1RL128.
K tomu indikatoru vysky: v RL nebol ziaden indikator vysky. Oba pristroje boli pripojene ku KBV (kabina bojoveho velenia) kde bol priamy vynos informacii. Pracoval som ako nacelnik KBV a ak mate este nejake nejasnosti rad ich zodpoviem Smile
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Trošku se v tom ztrácím, byl ve výzbroji Jihlavské brigády, která v rámci dělení ČSA připadla ASR a přesto nebyla tato výzbroj k ASR zavedena - kde tedy tato výzbroj skončila ?
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No k snímkam janka paligu: na tejto snímke by podľa umiestnenia antény rádiostanice mala byť 1S12:




Na týchto ďalších by podľa tvaru antény a priestoru medzi kabínou a nástavbou malo ísť o 1RL128 (chýbajúci ochranný rám na kabíne neberiem do úvahy, dal sa zložiť)...





Najväčšia sranda bude, ak ide na všetkých troch snímkoch o rovnakú mašinu - potom sú všetky informácie na rozlíšenie vozidiel zvonka irelevantné a jediný rozdiel medzi vozidlami sa dá zistiť podľa prístrojového vybavenia....
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Citace - Dav :

Trošku se v tom ztrácím, byl ve výzbroji Jihlavské brigády, která v rámci dělení ČSA připadla ASR a přesto nebyla tato výzbroj k ASR zavedena - kde tedy tato výzbroj skončila ?



No... v Jihlave bola PLR brigada (KRUG) a tam aj ostala. Zrusena bola okolo roku 1994. Dalej bol v Jihlave PLR pluk (KUB) a ten sa v roku 1992 aj s mojou pomocou prestahoval do Roznavy na Slovensku. Smile
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Citace - buko1 :

No k snímkam janka paligu: na tejto snímke by podľa umiestnenia antény rádiostanice mala byť 1S12:




Na týchto ďalších by podľa tvaru antény a priestoru medzi kabínou a nástavbou malo ísť o 1RL128 (chýbajúci ochranný rám na kabíne neberiem do úvahy, dal sa zložiť)...





Najväčšia sranda bude, ak ide na všetkých troch snímkoch o rovnakú mašinu - potom sú všetky informácie na rozlíšenie vozidiel zvonka irelevantné a jediný rozdiel medzi vozidlami sa dá zistiť podľa prístrojového vybavenia....



Ano... na vsetkych troch snimkach je ta ista masina Smile byvaly nacelnik je stale moj kolega Smile
k tej antene: 1S12 mala sice v predu antenu, no nie na radiostanicu, ale na telekodove spojenie s odpalovakom a ta vyzera trosku inac. Toto je len klasicky antenny klb k radiostanici R-123.
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este chcem dodat k tomu ochrannemu ramu nad kabinou: ram tam uz nebol potrebny, pretozte v tej dobe bol uz z anteny demontovany rozpoznavaci system "PAROL". To boli tie male YAGI antenky na boku anteny RL v zltom rame... o tom bola diskusia v uvode tejto temy, takze som aj upresnil dohady co to vlastne je za zariadenie.
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Citace - buko1 :


Najväčšia sranda bude, ak ide na všetkých troch snímkoch o rovnakú mašinu - potom sú všetky informácie na rozlíšenie vozidiel zvonka irelevantné a jediný rozdiel medzi vozidlami sa dá zistiť podľa prístrojového vybavenia....




Buko, predstav si že je to jedna a tá istá mašina Very Happy. Ja som už myslím upozorňoval na fakt, že niektoré znaky rozlišujúce 1S12 a 1RL128 mätú, že asi platí čo mašina, to originál LaughingLaughingLaughing. Mašina má niečo z oboch verzií LaughingCool.
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Ja tiež robím dokonca s dvoma ľudmi, ktorí robili v Rožňave s 1RL128, jeden bol veliteľ 1RL128 (a jeho brat mal druhú), druhý bol myslím technik.
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No musíš sa Buko, spýtať Very Happy, možno si ešte pamätajú. Najmä technik, kedze ju neraz opravoval Very Happy.


Načo slúžil ten stožiar, označený krúžkom? Čo som si prešiel fotky, tak mali stožiar len 1S12.


U hybridu z Rožňavy som z toho mimo, lebo popiera všetko Very Happy. Ale viem že bol odlišný od popradskej mašiny, ktorá skončila v Piešťanoch. To si pamätám dobre, viem že som sa čudoval že má iné črevá. A ešte ku tomu rúrkovému rámu - v garážach sme ho nemali, bola tam len anténa na Parol, ležala pri mašine. Takže pravdepodobne na tom vozidle rúrkový kryt chýba. Ak by bol predsa sňatý, bol by len uložený v garáži, nie? Také veci sa predsa nevyhadzujú .... Laughing (zväčša ).



Nechcem sa hádať, stojím za názorom, že čo kus, to originál LaughingCool
SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) -


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Citace - Janko PALIGA :

No musíš sa Buko, spýtať Very Happy, možno si ešte pamätajú. Najmä technik, kedze ju neraz opravoval Very Happy.


Načo slúžil ten stožiar, označený krúžkom? Čo som si prešiel fotky, tak mali stožiar len 1S12.


U hybridu z Rožňavy som z toho mimo, lebo popiera všetko Very Happy. Ale viem že bol odlišný od popradskej mašiny, ktorá skončila v Piešťanoch. To si pamätám dobre, viem že som sa čudoval že má iné črevá. A ešte ku tomu rúrkovému rámu - v garážach sme ho nemali, bola tam len anténa na Parol, ležala pri mašine. Takže pravdepodobne na tom vozidle rúrkový kryt chýba. Ak by bol predsa sňatý, bol by len uložený v garáži, nie? Také veci sa predsa nevyhadzujú .... Laughing (zväčša ).



Nechcem sa hádať, stojím za názorom, že čo kus, to originál LaughingCool



mozno este dnes sem dobehne posledny velitel 128-cky a on vam urcite objasni vsetky otazky Smile
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Buko, ještě s tím vytržením chvíli vydrž.
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No, a sme u toho čo som chcel vedieť na začiatku, teda jednoznačné vonkajšie rozlišovacie znaky medzi 1S12 a 1RL128/1RL111. V Piešťanoch sa nachádzajú dva kusy, podľa rozlišovacích znakov aj 1S12 aj 1RL128, a nezdá sa mi, že by tam mali niečo zo zahraničia Smile
K systémom NRZ, je možné, podľa mňa dokonca veľmi pravdepodobné, že u 1RL128 sa nachádzali zariadenia pracujúce aj v režime Kremnyj aj v režime Paroľ (myslím v čase zavedenia do výzbroje)


Ešte by ma zaujímalo, koľko vlastne týchto rádiolokátorov (či už 1S12 alebo 1RL128) bolo na Slovensku.


Už aby SKOT spracoval ten článok Cool
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Čo sa týka počtov tak ja viem o jednom na Mokradi, dva mám dnes potvrdené z Rožňavy a minimálne jeden u VSV PVO Poprad (teraz v múzeu Piešťany). Ide o obdobie začiatku 21. storočia...
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Najmenej jedna bola Buko aj v Nitre, pamätáš si ako odtiaľ prišiel vodič na Edovu mašinu? Laughing
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Citace - Michal Pertzian :

No, a sme u toho čo som chcel vedieť na začiatku, teda jednoznačné vonkajšie rozlišovacie znaky medzi 1S12 a 1RL128/1RL111. V Piešťanoch sa nachádzajú dva kusy, podľa rozlišovacích znakov aj 1S12 aj 1RL128, a nezdá sa mi, že by tam mali niečo zo zahraničia Smile
K systémom NRZ, je možné, podľa mňa dokonca veľmi pravdepodobné, že u 1RL128 sa nachádzali zariadenia pracujúce aj v režime Kremnyj aj v režime Paroľ (myslím v čase zavedenia do výzbroje)


Ešte by ma zaujímalo, koľko vlastne týchto rádiolokátorov (či už 1S12 alebo 1RL128) bolo na Slovensku.


Už aby SKOT spracoval ten článok Cool



Teraz ma napadlo, ze v L. Mikulasi na akademii - konkretne na Mokradi bol jeden kus 1S12 a to z dovodu vyuky na komplet KRUG. V roku 1993 po rozdeleni republiky sa tento komlet prestal ucit a spominany kus presunuli do Popradu (ako spominal Janko Paliga) aj s odpalovakom KRUG-u ale samostatna masina bola nepouzitelna vo vyzbroji ASR. Ostal tam este 1 kus 1RL128. Potom 2x 1RL128D v Roznave a 1x 1RL128D v Nitre
Cize spolu bolo 6 masin ktore sa podobaju Smile
K rozliseniu:
kazda masina vyrobena vo vtedajsiom ZSSR bola original. Kazda jedna 128-ka sa odlisovala vonkajsimi detailami. Ci uz spominana antena alebo podobne odlisnosti. A to plati aj na ostatnu techniku tej doby...
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#309397 Version : 0

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Tam kde som s Jankom Paligom slúžil (VZ PVO PP) nikdy nebol odpaľovák KRUG - možno v zásobovacej základni kde zhromažďovali nadpočetnú techniku (tam boli aj iné perly).


Skúsim kontaktovať "majiteľa" či si pamätá odkiaľ sa nám v garáži ten radar zobral.... Vtedy ma ani tak nezaujímalo čo to je a odkiaľ to je, snažil som sa zbaviť svojich 3 ks PU-12 a 1 ks P-15... Ale vzhľadom k tomu že v skladoch VZ PVO bol uložený 1.,2.,4. a 5. oddiel PVO, je možné že sme mali aj vlastnú 1RL128 (tipujme 5. oddiel PVO pre GŠ ASR).
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#309419 Version : 0

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tak to je mozne... a ten odpalovak netusim kde skoncil... ak nie je v muzeu, tak bol zosrotovany...
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#309422 Version : 0

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Kedže som tu nový,tak na uvod zopár faktov. Ako povedal bobec u 1RL128 D bol čo kus to originál. Na slovensku ich podľa mojej vedomosti bolo 5ks. V podstate som mal prsty v každej. Na škole na Mokradi, v Poprade ako technická výpomoc pri v Nitre ako pomoc pri oprave a v Rožňave ako dlhoročný člen klubu zelených. Mimochodom ten stojan v krúžku na foto od Janka Paligu, ktorého mimochodom týmto pozdravujem(dúfam,že vie kto som) je statív teodolitu ktorým sa vykonávalo usevernenie na druhú anténu kompletu t.j. PRV-9(16). Na ostatné otázky odpoviem neskôr.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#309429 Version : 0
I am looking for memorials who served on RL P40 (1RL11D) in the military unit in L. Mikulas, Mokradi and served under the command of M. Mikolas at that time from 1970 until the RL was installed there. I will ask if anyone knows where he was taken after his active service and what his fate was.

Thank you

Please if anyone knows anything write to the email address ramzes9@azet.sk
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#355964 Version : 0

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Citace - Janko PALIGA :

Foto popradského RL "745" a antény NRZ a PBS.
Foto: Vlastná návšteva vo vojenskom múzeu Piešťany, 29.5.2010



Fotil si dve rôzne mašiny, tak si ich mohol popísať Smile
Tá zbalená pri vchode je teda 1S12 z Popradu a tá rozvinutá v expozícii je ....?
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#370464 Version : 0

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Citace - Michal Pertzian :

[


Fotil si dve rôzne mašiny, tak si ich mohol popísať Smile
Tá zbalená pri vchode je teda 1S12 z Popradu a tá rozvinutá v expozícii je ....?



Na tej druhej som sfotil iba tie antény Very Happy Takze na ostatné detaily som nepozeral, hanba mi Laughing
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#370470 Version : 0

Citace - ramzes9 :

I am looking for memorials who served on RL P40 (1RL11D) in the military unit in L. Mikulas, Mokradi and served under the command of M. Mikolas at that time. Between 1970 and while the RL was installed there. I will ask if anyone knows where he was taken after his active service and what his fate was.

Thank you

Please if anyone knows anything email ramzes9@azet.sk

SOV - P-40 (1RL111/1RL128/1S12 Long Track) - február 1971

február 1971
URL : https://www.valka.cz/SOV-P-40-1RL111-1RL128-1S12-Long-Track-t29368#376445 Version : 0
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