Wilson, John B.: Armies, Corps, Divisions, and Separate Brigades, Center of Military History, United States Army, Washington, 1999 en.wikipedia.org
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The 42nd Division was deployed at the time of the United States' entry into World War I. It was founded in April 1917. It was formed in September at the Mills Camp on Long Island, New York. Its composition consisted of members of the National Guard from 26 US states and the District of Columbia. Colonel Douglas McArthur, who helped form the division, said shortly after its final formation: "The 42nd Division, like a rainbow, extends from one end of America to the other." That's how its name came about - Rainbow.
In November 1917, the 42nd Division arrived in France and in March 1918 was moved to the front, where it remained, almost in constant contact with the enemy, 174 days. During her stay in France, she took part in 6 major campaigns. Her service ended in May 1919.
The 42nd Division was reactivated after the United States participated in World War II. In July 1943, the division's reactivation ceremony took place; at the ceremony, the new division commander, Brigadier General Harry Collins, mimicked MacArthur's view of the division's unique composition and said, "42. Rainbow represents the people of our country."
As part of the 7th Army, the 42nd Infantry Division, in December 1944, landed in France and, after moving through the country, entered Germany in March 1945. During her rapid advance through Germany, along with the 45th Infantry Division, she liberated the infamous Dachau concentration camp. By the end of the war, the division had set an enviable record: It was the first of its corps to cross the Siegfried Line, enter Germany, and occupy the city of Munich. The division occupied almost 6,000 square miles from Nazi Germany. At the end of the war it served as an occupying unit in Austria and in June 1946 it was reactivated again.
In 1947, the 42nd Division was re-formed, this time as the National Guard Division, part of the New York Army National Guard. During the Cold War, she was called in due to many national emergencies while actively preparing for her next military mission.
In December 1989, the headquarters of the 42nd Division was moved from New York to Troy, where it remains to this day. In 1991, thousands of soldiers from the "rainbow" volunteered for the Gulf War. In addition, the division was moved to the National Training Center, where soldiers were to prepare to move to the Gulf. They fought there so well that they were rewarded with the prestigious Hanby Trophy. It was the first award ever won by the United States National Guard.
In 1993, it was merged with parts of the 26th and 50th Divisions. The division now had members from 8 different states. The councils of this famous unit consisted of soldiers from New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts. Connecticut, Delaware, Rhode Island and New Mexico.
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Vznik:1943.07.14 Příchod na evropské bojiště: 1945.01.18* Přesun na kontinent:1945.01.18 ( D+156 ) Zapojení do boje .....první jednotky:1944.12.24 .....celá divize:1945.02.17 Počet dní v boji:106
*tři Infantry Regiment a Division Headquarters příchod ETO 1944.12.09 jako součást Task Force Linden
Ztráty Mrtví:333 Zranění:1 800 Nezvěstní:1 459 Zajatí:6 Bojové ztráty:3 598 Nebojové ztráty:2 351 Celkové ztráty:5 949
Kampaně Rhineland Central Europe
Vyznamenání Distinguished Service Cross:1 Legion of Merit:3 Silver Star:185 Soldiers Medal:3 Bronze Star:515 Air Medal:15
42d Division Artillery 232d Field Artillery Battalion ( 105 mm Howitzer ) 292d Field Artillery Battalion ( 105 mm Howitzer ) 402d Field Artillery Battalion ( 105 mm Howitzer ) 542d Field Artillery Battalion ( 155 mm Howitzer )
Special Troops 742d Ordnance Light Maintenance Company 42d Quartermaster Company 132d Signal Company Military Police Platoon Headquarters Company Band
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Údaje k 22. srpnu 2006.
Stav: asi 3,000 vojáků Domovská základna: Různá armádní zařízení Popis: Divize plus 116. Jízdní brigáda Adahouské z Armádní Národní gardy, 278. Plukovní smíšená taktická jednotka z Tennesseeské Armádní Národní gardy a 1.Brigáda a 3. Brigáda z Opevnění Stevard, Georgie založená 3. Pěší divizí.
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