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2.8 cm black Panzerbüchse 41
2.8 cm sPzB 41 was a German anti-tank weapon working on the principle of tapering (conical) barrel. In English literature, the term "The squeeze bore principle" is used. The weapon was officially classified as a heavy anti-tank rifle (schwere Panzerbüchse), although many of its characteristics make it a light anti-tank cannon.
Description Although the sPzB-41 was classified as a heavy anti-tank rifle (schwere Panzerbüchse), the following facts support the categorization among light anti-tank guns. The weapon had a mechanism for damping recoil. The weapon also had a chassis (wheeled or skis) and a cover to protect the operator. The only significant element common to anti-tank rifles was the absence of a mechanism to control the aim and measurement of the weapon. Thanks to the relatively light construction, the elevation and measurement of the weapon was controlled manually. The projectile was lined with two rings of soft metal, which deformed along the road barrel. The result of this construction was a high muzzle velocity of the projectile fired, up to 1400 m/s! At the end of the barrel was fitted a muzzle brake. The horizontal end of the charge chamber was blocked automatically after charging. The weapon was equipped with an open sight to a distance of 500m. The 3.7cm PaK 35/36 telescopic sight could also be mounted. The weapon was equipped with a hydraulic-mechanical device to dampen recoil. The chassis was variable. The wheel was fitted with rubber tires, or rubber wheels fitted via suspension to a support frame. There was also a winter variant with mobile skis. The wheels could be removed to reduce the overall silhouette of the machine to facilitate camouflage. The whole operation did not take more than 30-40 seconds for the trained crew. The concept of the weapon allowed it to be divided into five pieces, while the heaviest weighed 62 kg, which allowed transport without the use of technology and made the weapon suitable, among other things, for airborne units.
Development and production The technique of using a tapering barrel and a deforming projectile was first patented in Germany in 1903 by the designer Karl Puff. In the interwar period, another German designer, Gerlich, continued to develop. The result of his efforts was a 7mm experimental anti-tank rifle with a muzzle velocity of 1800 m/s! On these foundations, the Mauser-Werke AG Oberndorf am Neckar armory began in 1939-1940 with the development of a completely new 28/20 mm anti-tank weapon, originally designated the Gerat 231 or MK.8202. In the summer of 1940, an experimental series of 94 pieces (according to some sources, only 30) was submitted to the army for testing. After minor modifications, serial production began in 1941 under the designation 2.8 cm schwere Panzerbüchse 41. The production price of one piece was calculated at 4,520 RM. For comparison, the production price of 5cm PaK 38 was around 10,600 RM. Production continued until 1943, when it was stopped due to the lack of tungsten needed to produce ammunition. Nevertheless, the 2.8 cm sPzB 41 served reliably for the rest of the war.
Organization and structure 2.8 cm sPzB 41 was used by some motorized divisions, mechanized infantry units, mountain and airborne units. Several pieces were also delivered to anti-tank and engineering units. The weapon was deployed from the beginning of the eastern campaign, but also appeared in North Africa, Sicily and Tallinn and on the Western Front in 1944-1945.
For a short distance, 2.8 cm sPzB 41 could eliminate almost all light and medium enemy tanks. It allegedly managed to endanger KV-1 and IS-2, but I'm just quoting sources. Theoretically, it is possible, because the maximum penetration characteristic was up to 75 mm, but we probably won't know how it was in practice.
Versions 2.8 cm sPzB 41 - basic version see TTD Type - heavy tank blades Place of origin - Germany Year of origin - 1940 Manufactured - 1940 to 1943 In service - 1941 to 1945 Manufacturer - Mauser Werke AG Oberndorf am Neckar Made - 2,797 pcs
Weight - 229 kg Length - 2,690 mm Barrel length - 1,730 mm including muzzle brake Width - 965 mm Height - 838 mm Operation - 3
Caliber - 28/20 mm Hydromechanical recoil damping Two-track chassis Elevation -5 ° to 30 ° Measure - 70 ° Cadence - 30 rounds per minute Muzzle velocity - 1,400 m/s Effective range - 500 m
2.8 cm sPzB 41 leFl 41 (2.8 cm heavy tank bells 41 on light field mount 41) - Version developed for airborne units. A lightweight chassis without suspension was used, the wheels were reduced and the shield was mostly removed. The resulting weight was 139 kg (118 kg without vehicle). The chassis allowed 360 ° measurement and elevation from -15 ° to 25 °.
2.8 cm KwK 42 - tank modification. 24 pieces were produced. It is not clear if they have ever been used outside of tests. sPzb 41 was mounted on SdKfz 250/11 half-belts. A few pieces were mounted on armored vehicles SdKfz 221.
Ammunition There were two types of ammunition developed for 2.8 cm sPzB 41 - penetrating 2.8 cm Pzgr.41 0.125 kg tungsten carbide core, 40 mm long with a diameter of 10.9 mm containing 9.1% tungsten, coated in mild steel, the ballistic tip is made of magnesium alloy. - shattering 2.8 cm Sprg.41 0.093 kg filled with 5 g PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate, known as penthrite)
Conclusion The principle of the conical barrel and the deforming projectile was used only to a limited extent in the Second World War. Mass production required advanced technology and high production standards. Apart from Germany, the United Kingdom tried to do this in a limited form in the form of the Littlejohn adapter, which was basically a main superstructure using the same principle. In the Soviet Union, V. G. Grabin's design office dealt with this issue. In 1940, however, further work was abandoned due to persistent technological problems. German success has also inspired developers in the US who experimented with the same 28/20mm configuration. They also worked on the configuration of the 37mm Gun M3, but by the end of the war they had not achieved practical results.
2.8 cm sPzB 41 combined good penetration (short distance), high firing cadence and simple, light and detachable construction. Nevertheless, it also had several shortcomings. - technological complexity of production, especially and its relatively low life (about 500 rounds), the truth is that few weapons have survived ..... - poor effectiveness of fragmentation ammunition - relatively short range - weak post-war effect of ammunition - and finally, the use of tungsten as the core of penetrating ammunition. Each burn wound was a waste of precious raw material, which was absolutely unacceptable in the long run.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/2-8-cm-sPzB-41-2-8cm-protitankovy-kanon-t16313#223909
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Supplement to
The gun was officially adopted in June 1940 and was designated 2.8cm/2cm sPzB 41. The weapon has a semi-automatic horizontal wedge breech, which allowed the weapon to fire at a rate of 12-15 rounds per minute. This weapon was fitted with a double-barrelled stock. The weapon lacks the conventional bore and square mechanisms. The weapon was always operated by only two persons - the shooter and the loader. The operator was protected by a double armoured shield of 3mm + 3mm thickness. The barrel was loaded by means of pins on the cradle. The sight was adjusted by two handles located on the upper bed (behind the breech). A lightweight version of the rifle was developed for the Luftwaffe, the weapon had a lightened and simplified receiver and gun bed, and had only one support arm. The marking of this weapon is sPzB 41 leFL41.
TTD sPzB 41: Length of rifled barrel: 1370 mm Max. towing speed: 50 km Max. range:1000m Max. range of sights: 500 m Effective range: 300 mm Aim: -4 +42° Aim: 60°
Penetration of PzGr 41 for 30° armour inclination 100m- 52mm, 300mm-46mm, 500m-40mm, 1000m-25m for 90° armour inclination 100m - 93 mm, 500 m - 66 mm
The main drawback of the weapon was the rapid wear of the barrel. At the beginning the service life was 250 shots, at the end of production the service life was 500 shots.
On 1 March 1945, 775 rifles were in service and 78 were in storage. But the guns no longer had enough ammunition. The ammunition was carried in special tin cases for 12 rounds.
Source of the photo data author's archive +RGAKFD
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Lehká verze sPzB 41 leFL41
Všiměte si ramena lafety a závěru.
Fotka je z léta v Jugoslávije 1942.
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Standartní provedení s vozíkem pro přepravu munice
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Standartní výroba sPzB 41
Zde je dobře vidět dvojitý štít + mířidla
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2.8 cm sPzB 41
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Sd.Kfz. 250/11 (2,8 cm sPzB 41)
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2,8 cm sPzB 41 auf Sd.Kfz. 221
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2,8 cm sPzB 41 leFl 41 (2,8 cm schwere Panzerbüchse 41 auf leichterfeldlafette 41)
- Verzia vyvinutá pre výsadkové jednotky. Použitý bol odľahčený podvozok bez odpruženia, kolesá boli zmenšené a štít bol väčšinou odmontovaný. Výsledná hmotnosť bola 139
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2,8 cm sPzB 41
URL : https://www.valka.cz/2-8-cm-sPzB-41-2-8cm-protitankovy-kanon-t16313#223910
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2,8 cm schwere Panzerbüsche 41
Ráže: 28/20 mm Úsťová rychlost: 1400 m/sek Délka: 2580 mm Délka hlavně: 1714 mm Hmotnost na těžké kovové lafetě: 223 kg Hmotnost na lehké kovové lafetě: 118 kg Účinný dostřel: 1000 m
Střelivo: - trhavý granát Sprg. 41 o hmotnosti 2,8 kg - průbojný granát Pzgr. 41 o hmotnosti 2,8 kg
Vyrobeno: cca 150 ks Výrobce: Mauserwerke, Oberndorf am Neckar
Cena: 4500 RM
URL : https://www.valka.cz/2-8-cm-sPzB-41-2-8cm-protitankovy-kanon-t16313#60655
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PzB 41:
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URL : https://www.valka.cz/2-8-cm-sPzB-41-2-8cm-protitankovy-kanon-t16313#127596
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Ammunition: AP shell (left) and fragmentation shell (right).
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sPzB 41 captured by the British Army, 1942.
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A British soldier examines a captured sPzB 41 anti-tank gun, Sicily, 1943.
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Za zmienku určite stojí fakt, že na zbraniach s princípom Gierlich alebo G-Ultra sa pracovalo od roku 1936 aj v Československu. Zbrojovka Janeček vyvinula prinajmenšom do prototypového štádia zbrane kalibru 11/15mm a pracovalo sa zrejme aj na zbrani kalibru 7,92mm a 20mm.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/2-8-cm-sPzB-41-2-8cm-protitankovy-kanon-t16313#227375
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Hmotnosť nábojov: 2,8 cm Pzgr. Patr. 41 -- 626g 2,8 cm Sprgr. Patr. 41 -- 582g Dlžka náboja 221 mm, dĺžka nábojnice 190 mm. Náboje boli balené v uzatvárateľnom plechovom obale po 12 kusov, každý náboj ešte v kartónovej trubici.
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Stránka zo sovietskeho predpisu/pomôcky Trofejné náboje nemeckého delostrelectva z roku 1943
URL : https://www.valka.cz/2-8-cm-sPzB-41-2-8cm-protitankovy-kanon-t16313#227376
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In archíve som našiel photos priebojnej strelas. Strela is poškodená, predná part of mäkkého metal (horčíkovej, possibly zinkovej zliatiny) is almost the entire skorodovaná, strela he comes probably from the finding of the nevystrelenej munície..
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strela náboja 2,8 cm Pzgr. Patr. 41
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strela náboja 2,8 cm Pzgr. Patr. 41
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strela náboja 2,8 cm Pzgr. Patr. 41
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URL : https://www.valka.cz/2-8-cm-sPzB-41-2-8cm-protitankovy-kanon-t16313#244323
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