Bandera, Stepan Andrijovič

Bandera, Stepan Andriyovich
Степан Андрійович Бандера
     
Příjmení:
Surname:
Bandera Bandera
Jméno:
Given Name:
Stepan Andrijovič Stepan Andriyovich
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
Степан Андрійович Бандера
Fotografie či obrázek:
Photograph or Picture:
Hodnost:
Rank:
- -
Akademický či vědecký titul:
Academic or Scientific Title:
? ?
Šlechtický titul:
Hereditary Title:
- -
Datum, místo narození:
Date and Place of Birth:
01.01.1909 Uhryniv Staryj, Halič /
01.01.1909 Uhryniv Staryi, Galiсia /
Datum, místo úmrtí:
Date and Place of Decease:
15.10.1959 Mnichov /
15.10.1959 Munich /
Nejvýznamnější funkce:
(maximálně tři)
Most Important Appointments:
(up to three)
- zakladatel Ukrajinské povstalecké armády (UPA) . Founder of Ukrainian Insurgent Army
Jiné významné skutečnosti:
(maximálně tři)
Other Notable Facts:
(up to three)
- člen Organizace ukrajinských nacionalistů
- 22.01.2010 - posmrtně vyznamenán titulem Hrdina Ukrajiny
- member of Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
- Holder of Hero of Ukraine state decoration (22.01.2010)
Související články:
Related Articles:
Zdroje:
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepan_Bandera
www.novinky.cz
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351714 Version : 0

Stepan Andrijovich Bandera


Stepan Андрійович Bandera


Born 01.01.1909 in the village of Uhryniv Staryj in Kalush district in Halych as an Austro-Hungarian citizen.
Died 15.10.1959 in front of the door of his apartment in Munich, hit in the face with cyanide by KGB agent Bohdan Stashinsky.


In the years of Western Ukrainian People's Republic his native village often changed hands between different armies as the front passed through the area. My father was an active participant in these battles and was elected to the republic's parliament. After the dissolution of the Republic, his father continued to fight for the Ukrainian cause until the end of the Civil War.


Stepan entered the gymnasium in the town of Stryj in 1919, graduating in 1927. In 1922 he was already a member of the Plast scout organization, which was banned by the Polish authorities in 1930. Early contacts with the Ukrainian Military Organization turned into full membership in 1928. First he was assigned to the intelligence section, then to the propaganda section. When the OUN (Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists) was founded a year later, he became a member. He began to study polytechnic in Lviv, but did not finish school. As a propagandist, he often travelled abroad, from where he illegally brought literature published by Ukrainian emigre associations.


He became regional "Provodnik" of the OUN and regional commander of the UVO before the two organizations merged. However, it was carried out by a student, Mykola Lemyk, who surrendered to the Polish authorities. He was also involved in the preparation of the assassination of the Polish Minister of the Interior Bronislaw Pieracki - the minister succumbed to three shots in the back of the head on 15 June 1934 in Warsaw. The assassin managed to escape, but the organisers were caught while trying to cross the Polish-Czechoslovak border. Bandera's arrest was followed by a trial in 1935, which culminated in a death sentence for three of the defendants, including Bandera, on 13 January 1936. Because of the publicity, the authorities were afraid to carry out the sentence and instead began to negotiate with the legal Ukrainian political parties to normalize relations. The result was a commutation of the death sentences - to life imprisonment. In 1936, Bandera was further tried for organizing the murders of gymnasium director Ivan Babiy and student Yakov Bachynsky, and other actions. In total, he was sentenced to life imprisonment seven times.


His sentence ended on 13.09.1939, when the prison fell into German hands. After his escape, Bandera focused on activities against the Bolsheviks. He operated illegally in the Soviet city of Lviv, and, following instructions from the foreign leadership of the OUN, crossed the Soviet-German demarcation line and arrived in Krakov. Due to his failing health from the prison, he was sent to Slovakia for treatment (rheumatism). In Rome and in Vienna, attempts were made to reach an agreement with the leader of the second wing of the OUN, Melnyk, who was paving the way for Ukrainian-German cooperation, whereas Bandera was advocating full independence. The split was consummated on February 10, 1940, when a new OUN leadership led by Bandera was formed. Thus, two OUNs were formed - the Melnyk OUN-M and the Bandera OUN-B. The Banderos began preparations for an uprising in Volhynia and Halych, but the Soviets foiled these plans in a mass arrest operation at the turn of March and April. At the end of August, the Soviets struck a second time, and the security authorities reported to headquarters the discovery of 96 illegal groups, the arrest of 1,108 members, the seizure of 2,070 rifles, 43 machine guns, 600 pistols and 80,000 rounds of ammunition. In December 1940, a third NKVD action took place, with 996 arrests in two days. Other illegals tried to break through the German or Hungarian border. In the General Gouvernement, further preparations for the OUN continued, in collaboration with the Abwehr. Bandera himself met several times with Admiral Canaris. He received his support, but the NSDAP sef Bormann was against it. Nevertheless, two battalions were formed from the Ukrainian Nachtigal and Roland. In the spring of 1941, their activity began to increase; in April alone, 65 assassinations of Soviet officials were carried out, leaflets were distributed, arms depots were prepared, and information was passed to German intelligence...


From the first hours after the German attack, strong diversionary activity by the insurgents began. At the end of June 1941, Ukrainian nationalists entered Lviv with the German army.Then, on 30.06.1941, in the center of the city, with the arrival of the Nachtigal battalion and the presence of the Germans, Ukrainian statehood was proclaimed and the government headed by Yaroslav Steck was announced. But the policy of Germany changed and on 05.07.1941 the arrest of Bandera and other Ukrainian leaders took place, when the arrested refused to renounce the Act of Rebirth, they were placed in a concentration camp. Bandera remained in Sachsenhausen until the autumn of 1944. Bandera's brothers died in 1942 in Oswiecim, and the father of (former) Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko was in Sachsenhausen along with Bandera. Bandera's father and his three sisters were arrested by the Soviet authorities for a change. The father was executed on 23.05.1941, the sisters were sent to Siberia in exile.


As the German front broke up after the Soviet attack - the help of Ukrainians to the Germans was needed again. Along with Bandera, other OUN and UPA leaders were released. Bandera led the Abwehrstelle troops in Kraków, and in the winter of 1944/45 he fell into Soviet captivity, from which he was to be freed by Otto Skorzeny. A foreign leadership of the OUN was established in West Germany, and in February 1945 Bandera was re-elected its chairman. Here he was caught up in the end of the war.


In 1946, the Soviets demanded his extradition to the UN assembly, but the emerging Cold War saved him. Within the OUN, however, opposition to him grew. In 1953 and 1955 he tried to resign, but it was not accepted. On October 15, 1959, KGB agent Bohdan Stashinsky murdered him in front of his house in Kreittmayrstraße using cyanide, which Bandera was hit in the face with. This was on the orders of KGB chief Alexander Shelepin and Nikita Khrushchev. The German Supreme Court in Karlsruhe found that the Soviet government was to blame for Bandera's death, a fact that was clearly confirmed in 2005 by former KGB chairman Vladimir Kryuchkov after the fall of the USSR.
On January 22, 2010, Bandera was awarded the honorary title of Hero of Ukraine by Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko for "defending the national idea and fighting for an independent Ukrainian state". The title was taken from Yushchenko's hands by Bandera's grandson Stepan.


Milan Syrucek: Bandera's Heroes or Bandits
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepan_Bandera
www.novinky.cz
www.ct24.cz
www.lidovky.cz
tn.nova.cz
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#342650 Version : 0

Diskuse

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Bandera, Stepan Andrijovič (Бандера, Степан Андрійович)- polská osobnost...hmmm ??? Very Happy
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351743 Version : 0

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No o tom jsme vedli douhou diskuzi se Schlangem.
Já chtěl do SSSR, Schlange ale trval na R-U nebo Polsko, do SSSR prý ne.


Přiznávám ale, že je to s ním těžké.
Narodil se v R-U, v části, která pak patřila Polsku, bojoval proti němu, pak proti SSSR a byl Ukrajinec v době, kdy Ukrajina neexistovala Smile
Tak co s ním Very Happy
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351744 Version : 0

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Citace - Martin Smíšek :

Citace - Michal Rak :

Tak co s ním Very Happy



No přeci použiješ odkazovací fora. Very Happy



Samo, takhle ho máme zde v Polsku a v SSSR Smile


Citace :

Blbost! Jestli tak založit Ukrajinu a tam s ním, nebo do R-U, ale Polsko...to ani náhodou, to by jsme vypadali jako pěkně amatérská partička Smile



Dovolím si nesouhlasit Smile
Bandera určitě spojitost s Polskem má, určitě větší než s R-U, kde se jen "narodil".
Ukrajina v té době neexistovala, těžko by do ní mohl být přiřazen.


Zařazení do Polska a SSSR se mi zdá správné a dostačující.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351755 Version : 0

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No ukrajina existovala třeba v letech 1917 - 19, pokud se nepletu.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351763 Version : 0

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Citace - bitaxe :

No ukrajina existovala třeba v letech 1917 - 19, pokud se nepletu.



Nepleteš se bitaxe. Jde o to co si představujeme pod souslovím Ukrajina existovala...? První existovala Kyjevská Rus, založená skandinávskými Varjagy. V 9 století existoval stát krále Olega, dokonce mnohem dříve než Rus Moskevská. Ukrajinci se mnohokrát pokoušeli o suverenitu a samostatnost. Ale měli to těžké. Neustálé vpády Tatarů, Osmanů, Mongolů, dále staletí Ruské nadvlády a vliv kozáků, jako například známý Bohdan Chmelnickij atd.
Rozhodně se domnívám, že Bandera je ukrajinskou osobností nikoli Polskou, stejně jako například Ivan Franko a Taras Ševčenko.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351767 Version : 0

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všichni se asi shodneme na tom že Bandera je především ukrajinskou osobností. - státním příslušníkem Ukrajiny, ale nikdy nebyl, stejně tak nikdy nevlastnil pas SSSR. když už jednou byl na části Ukrajiny která patřila v době kdy žil Polsku, tak nerozumím tomu čemu se zde tolik bráníte, v osobnostech si můžete vybrat jen ze státních útvarů které v té době existovaly. Nejdelší dobu svého života byl Bandera, ač ukrajinské národnosti, hold polské státní příslušnosti.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351778 Version : 0

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No jestli to počítám správně, Tak polským obřanem byl od roku 1919 do roku 1939, od roku 1939 do smrti byl pak na německém území (od toho roku s němci spolupracoval a polským občanem už zřejmě nebyl) obé je kolem 20 let a stejně dlouhé. Takže logicky by byl i osobností němecnou? A nebo se od roku 1928 kdy se stal členem OUN stal i ukrajincem? Tady narážíme na to že se ukrajinci snažili obnovit svůj stát (nikoli fiktivní jako třeba Olegův) ale ten z let 1917 - 19, to že stejně jako jiní měli odbojovou organizaci lze vnímat i jako pokračování státu, pak by nejdelší dobu byl právě ukrajincem. Myslím že třeba řadu sudetských němců nevnímáme jako české osobnosti, byť třeba Henlein prožil většinu života na našem území a možná jako náš občan. Asi proto je Bandera vnímán jako ukrajinská osobnost.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#351779 Version : 0

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To, že Ukrajina sa k nemu otvorene a hrdo hlási nemení nič na tom, že by tam logicky patriť mal? Veľa krajín má osobnosti ktoré berie za svoje napriek tomu, že v čase ich života tá ktorá krajina neexistovala. Fórum síce môže mať svoje pravidlá ale nie všetko sa do nich dá zahrnúť podľa nejakých jednoduchých predstáv...
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#352865 Version : 0

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Problém je že v době jeho života Ukrajina existovala a ne že nikoli. Ostatně i kdybychom nebrali za existenci tu "zahraniční" pak pořád Ukrajina existovala a měla zastoupení i v OSN Smile
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#352888 Version : 0

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Ako historická osobnosť má Bandera určite významnejší vzťah k Ukrajine ako k Poľsku. Osobnosti národno-oslobodzovacieho hnutia by mali byť spájané s národom, v prospech ktorého pracovali, alebo ktorý v dôsledku ich činnosti hoci i výrazne neskôr vznikol.
Štúra tiež nikoho nenapadne radiť k uhorským či dokonca maďarským historickým osobnostiam.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Bandera-Stepan-Andrijovic-t91709#352928 Version : 0
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