Curtiss Hawk II

     
Název:
Name:
Curtiss Hawk II Curtiss Hawk II
Originální název:
Original Name:
Curtiss Hawk II
Kategorie:
Category:
stíhací-bombardovací letoun fighter-bomber aeroplane
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.MM.1932-DD.MM.193R Curtiss-Wright Corp., Buffalo, New York
DD.MM.1933-DD.MM.1938 Kayseri Tayyare Fabrikasi, Kayseri
Období výroby:
Production Period:
DD.MM.1932-DD.MM.1938
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
~ 153
První vzlet:
Maiden Flight:
25.05.1932
Osádka:
Crew:
1
Základní charakteristika:
Basic Characteristics:
 
Vzlet a přistání:
Take-off and Landing:
CTOL - konvenční vzlet a přistání CTOL - conventional take-off and landing
Uspořádání křídla:
Arrangement of Wing:
dvouplošník biplane
Uspořádání letounu:
Aircraft Concept:
klasické conventional
Podvozek:
Undercarriage:
pevný fixed
Přistávací zařízení:
Landing Gear:
kola wheels
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Hmotnost prázdného letounu:
Empty Weight:
1347 kg 2970 lb
Vzletová hmotnost:
Take-off Weight:
1838 kg 4053 lb
Maximální vzletová hmotnost:
Maximum Take-off Weight:
2104 kg 4638 lb
Rozpětí:
Wingspan:
9.60 m 31 6in
Délka:
Length:
6.88 m 22ft 7in
Výška:
Height:
2.96 m 9ft 8,6in
Plocha křídla:
Wing Area:
23.41 m2 252 ft2
Plošné zatížení:
Wing Loading:
79.1 kg/m2 16.2 lb/ft2
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Kategorie:
Category:
pístový piston
Počet motorů:
Number of Engines:
1
Typ:
Type:
Wright R-1820F-2 o výkonu 522 kW
dvoulistá stavitelná vrtule Hamilton Standard
Wright R-1820F-2, power 700 hp
two-blade Hamilton Standard variable-pitch propeller
Objem palivových nádrží:
Fuel Tank Capacity:
356 l
197 l přídavná nádrž
94 US gal
52 gal drop tank
Výkony:
Performance:
 
Maximální rychlost:
Maximum Speed:
325.1 km/h v 2438 m 202 mph in 8000 ft
Cestovní rychlost:
Cruise Speed:
276.8 km/h v 2438 m 172 mph in 8000 ft
Rychlost stoupání:
Climb Rate:
10.2 m/s 2000 ft/min
Čas výstupu na výšku:
Time to Climb to:
? min do ? m ? min to ? ft
Operační dostup:
Service Ceiling:
7650 m 25100 ft
Dolet:
Range:
840.1 km 522 mi
Maximální dolet:
Maximum Range:
? km ? mi
Výzbroj:
Armament:
2x pevný kulomet

4x 50kg bomba
2x fixed machine gun

4x 110 lb bomb
Uživatelské státy:
User States:








?








?
Poznámka:
Note:
Data pro Hawk II se různí podle zdroje, např. maximální rychlost kolísá od 300 do 335 km/h, proto jsou použita data z firemních zdrojů -
Zdroje:
Sources:
Bowers, Peter M. Curtiss Aircraft 1907-1947, Putnam Aeronautical Books, London 1979. ISBN 0-370-10029-8.
Hagedorn, Dan, Sapienza, Antonio L. Aicraft of the Chaco War 1928-1935. Schiffer Publishing, Atglen 1997. ISBN 0-7643-0146-2.
www.airminded.net
www.muzeumlotnictwa.pl
www.tayyareci.com
https://www.fac.mil.co/index.php?idcategoria=3356
http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/hawk_ii.htm
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In 1932, the company Curtiss-Wright tried to break through on foreign markets as well as a fighter machine. At that time, mainly in Latin America hard to compete for contracts with the company Voughtbut it was a multi-purpose machine Curtiss Falcon, respectively, Vought Corsair, and since the completion of the three P-6S for Cuba no fighters abroad didn't sell. The basis for the new fighter became a variant of the proven Hawk P-6E, just supplied the army united states air force. Of him took over most of the hull design, very similar to the self-supporting chassis, but with longer legs and from the side of the open hood of the wheels, and wings with wooden frames. A novelty but the engine was a radial, devítiválec Wright SR-1820F Cyclone covered by the narrow ring-type Townend and front cover equipped with slits. This Hawk II, as it was named, ironically, almost immediately aroused interest among the U.S. navy, which already after a month from the first take-off in may 1932 corporate demonstátor bought, assigned him the designation of XF11C-2 and almost at the same time ordered a second prototype (XF11C-1) with dvouhvězdicovým engine Wright R-1510. From the first export Hawk II thus became the prototype of a fighter-bomber for the US Navy. Export Hawk II from its brethren built for the navy when compared to e.g. the absence of a pivoted fork, which diving bombing was taking out the mountain lion outside the circle of the propeller, but they could still use 50galonovou an additional tank přimknutou to the hull. Also, of course, not the grappling hook landing on the deck of an aircraft carrier and most have retained the original spur, while the serial F11C be quite differently placed spring loaded wheel. Armament is usually varied according to the wishes and possibilities of the customer, used were the machine guns of the american 7.62 mm, the british 7,7 mm and German 7.92 mm. Under the wings there were mountings for a four-hundred-pound bombs, which were mainly in Latin America richly used.

Turkey


The first customer happened to Turkey, which has just canceled the contract with fimou Gourdou-Leseurre on her parasoly LGL-32. The turks in addition to 19 "Turkey Hawks" (delivered between August and September of 1932, it is sometimes claimed 24 machines) purchased the license and in the state aircraft factory in Kayseri built a small series. Total took about 45 machines, and the last of them were completed only in 1938. Hawks in the Turkish air force used 53 and 54. squadron, were discarded, probably at the end of the second world war. Turkish machine according to the photos used coloring aluminum or silver paint on all surfaces, with a black number on the hull. Probably the machine from the license production of the varied use of the wider engine cover, what use serial F11C-2, and some had the three-blade propeller. Armament consisted of machine guns caliber 7.92 mm.

Colombia


The second user was Colombia. She bought a total of 26 machines, which distinguish the ability to use the float chassis (factory designation of these machines was a Model 65 and have sometimes been referred to as the Sea Hawk II, while the original Hawk II Model was 35). Delivered were between summer 1932 and July 1934. After the outbreak of hostilities on the area of Leticia with the Hawks engage in the support sections, trying to squeeze out the peruvian invaders. About the deployment I was unable to find out further information, impression but had to leave, because the war memorial in the colombian Tarapacá carries the statue of strikingly reminiscent of the Sea Hawk... Even in 1944 was in service for about 13 cars, and five of them are mentioned as joining in August 1946. It is interesting that Curtiss-Wright sold a four Hawks even into Peru, which is also planted during that conflict.

Cuba


Cuba, as already mentioned, using three P-6S Hawk, bought on the recommendation of the american mission, entrusted with the Cubans, the construction of the air force. Later bought four Hawks II, which were on Cuba přelétnuty in January 1933, and which were trupová numbers 19-22. The machine, however, didn't last too long. Batista revolution marked the departure of Beamovy mission, and the arrival of Lena Poveye, an American who was a new government entrusted with the inspection of the cuban air force and eventually became its commander. Povey, however, love showing off, and while he was an excellent pilot, his impromptu acrobatics often tried to imitate and local, with much worse results. In 1937, as were airworthy only three Hawks II. Povey says he himself had caused the destruction of three Hawks, among other things, that like to do acrobatics while he had podvěšenou an additional tank, but which significantly affect the aerodynamics.

One of the Hawks, no 21, served Poveymu as a personal aircraft, and was this the former performers on the air days adjusted appropriately. particular care devoted to the upper wing, which was thoroughly wiped out and thoroughly downloaded vypínacími wire so that its lower surface was almost perfectly flat. Adjusted was also the engine that supposedly was able to develop up to 745 kW, and the propeller was replaced by a substantially greater, with only 15 cm of space between the new propeller and the ground. With this modified machine was supposedly able to take off at 120 meters. In addition, the machine carried a giant cuban flag painted across the entire bottom of the wing, on the fuselage as Poveyovu signature indian head, and on the upper wing and horizontal tail surfaces were cranked stripes in the national colours. 4. August 1934 he performed Povey one years to Batistovu the personal request. In that day, Havana browse through the illegal communist demonstration, and the cuban air force, CAEC should show strength. Povey started with two podvěšenými 55kg bombs without fuses, and perform a little acrobatics just above the heads of the parade. The demonstration lasted very shortly. The last cuban Hawk II he lived in 1939, replaced by multi-purpose Curtissy Osprey.

Peru


Curtiss-Wright Export Corp. sold three Sea Hawk II also in Peru, together with one machine with the wheel gear, and were delivered in January 1933. These machines operated from the city of Iquitos on the Amazon river, and probably also affected to war with Colombia, the largest us user of the Hawk II, on the nearby area of Leticia. Peru but it was with the Hawks dissatisfied, perhaps, through the fault of the nízkooktanového gasoline. But nonetheless, remained in the fleet of the peruvian armed forces up to the mid 40's. years.

Thailand


In the early 30. years felt the need to properly modernize its air force and Thailand, still operating in the fighter role Nieuport-Delage NiD.29. Gradually purchased several pieces of Boeing 100E, Bristol Bulldog Mk.II and the Heinkel He 43 D, none of them but did not succeed. Luck smiled at Curtiss-Wright, and Thailand in 1934 received 12 Hawks. You here to serve under the designation B.Ch9 and were later supplemented with the following export option, Hawk III Thailand also produced in license. Due to the fact that the expected compensation of both types, North American na-68, was ordered at the time of the outbreak of the second world war, was quickly on the Thailand imposed the american arms embargo, the Hawks formed the backbone of the fighter force for a few years after and squadron Hawk II was deployed in the border conflict with France in the late 1940s. 24. January 1941 lieutenant Chalermkiat Wattanangura led a trio these quickly zastarávajících machines near Ban Yang, where they encountered the vichystický the Potez 25, accompanied by two Morana MS.406. Morana may have already been totally beyond the capabilities of the Hawks, a swarm yet attacked and Wattanangurovi managed to shoot down a Potez - one of the five victories achieved by the Thai people in this war. The last few machines Hawk II and III are perhaps made and 1949.

Norway


One machine, zgenerálkovaný corporate demonstrator with the company designation of the Model 47 and with the temporary registration X13263, was sold to Norway. That is all that is known of him.

Chile


Some sources reported that four probably the Sea Hawks were from January 1935 in the service in Chile. Usually, it is assessed that you can go about Hawks transferred to Peru, but my machine got in a fight about Leticia already two years earlier. Alternatively, it could be a machine designed for Bolivia withheld because of the embargo. Sometimes it is even mentioned the production license, but it will probably be confusion here mounted P-1A. Photos of chilean Hawks to me are not known..
Curtiss Hawk II - Hawk II kolumbijského letectva, nasazený během krátké války s Peru 1932-1933

Hawk II kolumbijského letectva, nasazený během krátké války s Peru 1932-1933
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Turkish Hawk II, originating from the license production. Turkish license machines, and both machines built for Germany, was the only one that used a wider ring covering the engine, as well as american F11C-2. This is in addition to the three-blade variable pitch propeller..
Curtiss Hawk II -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Curtiss-Hawk-II-t84556#431921 Version : 0

Bolivia


One of the first foreign candidates to become Bolivia. In February and march 1928 Bolivia visited the Jimmy Doolittle, at that time, a demonstration pilot of the firm of Curtiss, and he demonstrated one of the first Hawks, P-1A, together with an order of the Falcon. Demonstration of the left in local deep impression. Doolittle even attempted a take-off on floats from lake Tititaca, and woke up so interested about the creation of a small "maritime" section of the flotation machines. In 1932, then a long fermenting dispute with Paraguaí resulted in the war on the area of the Gran Chaco and the Bolivians ordered eight successors předváděného machines, then Built the Hawk II, and three Sea Hawk II. Only nine machines, however, was delivered to Bolivia before it started to pay of the american embargo, and the last two Sea Hawks remained in the united states. The first four Hawks arrived in Bolivia in December 1932, the other two in August of the following year, and the last three then in June and July 1934. The delay usually depends on which neighboring country is just Bolivia more inclined, alternated with the ports of Arica in Chile and Mollendo in Peru. From may 1933 in addition, it was also necessary to circumvent the american embargo. For one machine factory charged approximately $ 13,000, Bolivia, however, were sold by an intermediary, the company Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., for 25 000 dollars. Included were spare parts, a large part of the course consisted of and "incidental expenses", read bribes, for simplification of passage. The last two machines, which should be passed in June, 1934, as I've mentioned in Bolivia failed, and perhaps eventually ended up in service in Chile.

Of course, the takeover didn't mean to use. Even in march 1933 were of the four machines delivered launched only two, and only one was deployed - with bolivia's number 30 was involved in the attack on the paraguayskou little fort Nanawa. The second didn't have a pilot capable of such a machine to handle, so he remained in La Paz. Here was a cleared representative of the company Curtiss-Wright Cliff Travis. In the altitude of la Paz was a Hawk II for these tests able to with a full load take off at 150 meters, 250, if the runway was wet, which in local conditions, it was a miracle and had insurance-Curtissu favor of the bolivian generality. Curtiss also tried to Bolivijcům sell the remaining P-1A Hawk, which were located in the failed factory/montovně u Santiago, but it was blocked by the chilean government. Not everyone was, however, Hawkes inclined - unsuccessfully against them tried to protest colonel Bernardino Bilbao Rioja, the then commander of the bolivian air force, but he was one of the few and rather than because of the machines itself was due to the fact that he preferred the european technique and also (maybe even from personal financial reasons) machines offered by United Aircraft Corp., the parent concern of the company Vought.

Hawks II, of course, due to the charkteru the ongoing war, were almost never deployed as a fighter, even if they have been supplied with two 7.7 mm machine guns (one sometimes used to be replaced by 12.7 mm), but mainly as fighter-bombers, in mixed formations with other machine even in solo events, usually with two 50kg bombs. as has already been said, originally were capable of carrying up to four, but their performances just local conditions and the use of 70oktanového place 87oktanového gasoline suffered. Despite the small number of and mentioned problems with the Hawks appearing basically everywhere. Only one of them, the already mentioned no. 30, was destroyed by the enemy, if 26. December 1934 near Macheriti attack on paraguayskou redoubt Puestín Central, it was probably hit by fire from the ground. It is possible, however, that it hit the shrapnel from the bolivian bombs, discarded an order Osprey attacking the same target. The greatest number of Hawks at once was probably used 24. January, 1935, when three machines were accompanied by three Planes K43h, two Falcons, two Ospreye and Vickers "Bolivian Scout" from Villa Montes. Hawks also have achieved one victory, 11. December 1934 machine piloted podporučíky Alberto Alarcónem and Emilio Bertránem near Capirenda together shot down a paraguayan the Potez 25.

The bolivian Hawk II (only the supplied Sea Hawk II probably always flew with the wheel podovzkem) bore the coat of aluminum paint on all surfaces, with black numbers on the tail (the first of them was the aforementioned "30", the next should be the following even numbers). Lieutenant Emilio Bertrán your machine apparently nicknamed "Sr. Hawk", but it is not known that it was this name to be painted. "40" major Rafael Pabóna, probably the best of the bolivian pilot, he was named "El Tigre-Hawk". Machines 36 and 44, serving with the Gruppo Well.In Villa Montes, are perhaps the only known machine carrying a marking unit, in this case the maltese cross stylizovným "G.Even" in the middle. Group II, serving on the same base, similar to the marking probably never introduced. Several Hawks was part of a famous squadron "Punta de Alas".

At least five Hawks survived a deployment in the war of the Chaco, because the show of aerobatics on the "III Conferencia tecnica de Interamericana de Aviación" in perunské Lima in September 1937. Even when grounded, they were still in the arsenal in the spring of 1943, when he was but one of them is destroyed. Two but were then established and in December 1946 allocated, together with one nelétajícím, training squadron no. 1..
Curtiss Hawk II - Opět kolumbijský stroj,tentokrát vybavený plováky. Kýlovou plochu pod ocasem používala většina Sea hawků, ne ale všechny - peruánské ji na fotografiích postrádají. Zatímco kolumbijské stroje používaly pouze nátěr hliníkovou barvou, některé, např. výše uvedený č-814, používaly plováky kamuflované několika odstíny zelené a modré

Opět kolumbijský stroj,tentokrát vybavený plováky. Kýlovou plochu pod ocasem používala většina Sea hawků, ne ale všechny - peruánské ji na fotografiích postrádají. Zatímco kolumbijské stroje používaly pouze nátěr hliníkovou barvou, některé, např. výše uvedený č-814, používaly plováky kamuflované několika odstíny zelené a modré
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China


In July 1932, to the Shanghai arrived patnáctičlenná the american aviation mission, led by colonel John H. Jouettem, which was responsible nankinskou the government of the reorganization of the chinese air force. Americans, of course, preferred aircraft of its own production, and so began to be ordered mainly american machines (roughly at the same time but there acted also the Italian mission, so even this country came to its). In the choice of a new fighter type so, of course, choose between a Boeing and an order, and after the demonstration flight, carried out in April 1933 in hangzhou doo for a minute, it was ordered 18 Hawk II. More precisely Hawk I - contemporary sources insist that such was the designation of the chinese machines. As the only difference between the Hawk I and II is, however, placed the volume of the fuel tanks had a capacity of only 189 liters. Due to the fact that the Hawk is the designation sometimes used for the export version of the Curtissu P-6, built for the Dutch east Indies, for simplification it is better to differences in the indications to ignore. The first Hawk, probably Doolittlův demonstrator, was 1. July 1933 named "Shanghai no. 1", five others were officially taken in September and another 12 has already been assembled. Nankinskou the government has been ordered also the other 14 machines that were vypraveny in August and arrived in September. In December 1933, but there were two after accident written off, including "Shanghai". In march 1934 was 15 Hawk allocated to the newly created 1. fighter squadron, the other 10 will then be located at 5. wing. Soon they were joined by other machines, belonging originally the air force of the province of Kuang-tung (Canton).

The commander of the guangzhou air force, general Huang Guang rui, ordered 18 of the Hawks And from the Inter-Continent Corp. already in may 1932, in Canton were delivered between April and may 1933. One of them was lost 1. July, when it killed an american instructor Edward Deeds, of the other were gradually assembled 5. and 6. a squadron of the canton air force. Tako experienced the infamous demise of "anti-japanese army of national salvation" after the united forces of the provinces of Kuang-tung and Kuang-si in the spring of 1936 came against the central government, followed by the whole army disintegrated, and 18. July the whole of the cantonese air force, 136 pilots with all letuschopnými machine, dezertovalo to the north. Even after this hire but the number of Hawks in the chinese air force has gradually declined. In the autumn of 1936 formed the armament of a single squadron, 28. fighter squadron, in the other wing were then transient equipment for the time, than for them to be enough of the newly ordered Hawk III. In July 1937 it is then in the condition of the chinese air force claimed only 25 letuchopných machines. 28. squadron was stationed in Nan-čchangu in Jiangxi province, but after the start of the sino-japanese war 7. August 1937 they were moved to the airport, Choo-jung near Nanjing. Shortly before that was also 34. a makeshift squadron, consisting of cadet pilot school, led by captain Chou Ting-Fong and armed with a mixture of Hawk II and III. The remaining Hawks have remained in the practice of the departments.

14. August 1937, received 34. the makeshift fighter squadron task to bomb shanghai a factory for processing cotton Ta-kung, occupied by the Japanese. Took off five Hawk II, armed every six 18kg bombs, under the guidance of the Hawk III, the commander of the squadron of captain Chou Ting-Fong. The task was accomplished, on the way back, but lost one plane that had to make an emergency landing. A day later flew seven Hawks II 28. squadron, five Hawk II and Hawk III 34. squadron, Boeing 281 17. squadron and five Fiats CR.32 8. wing against 20 bombers Mitsubishi G3M1 Kisarazu Kokutai, the fighting at Nanking. In the subsequent air battle, the major word Boeing, after what the Japanese gave to escape, but I managed to Čchouovi one bomber shot down over the area Kwang-te southeast of Nanking. 16. August carried out G3M Kanoja Kokutai the raid on the Zhu-jung, against which vystartovaly again Boeing 17. and two Curtissy 28. squadron, which had a home base. Jin Shui-Tin (born in the USA, where he used the name Arthur Chin) on the Hawk II 2802 attacked one of the bombers, which after the drop back towards the mouth of the river Yangtze-jiang. The low speed of the biplane to him but prevented the attack and at the same time dodging the fire from the cabin guns of the bomber, other then both cars heavily damaged. Hawk, who gave up pursuit at the mouth of the river, with a smoking engine and a leaking fuel could return to the airport, where he finished the bow staunch in the country after the cu the brakes failed. Chin was granted a victory, although it was not recorded the impact of the bomber. G3M1 lieutenant Osugiho with 58 hits with a machine gun managed to get to Cheju-do on the coast of Korea, where also "unplanned landed".

In September 1937 she was 28. squadron divided, to make it possible, before the japanese attacks to protect a larger area. Four machines, supplemented by three Hawks originally serving at the air force academy, were moved north to the city of taiyuan, under the command of captain Chan Ke-Wong. The remaining four, led by captain Chin were intended to defend the aircraft factories in the Shao-xiguan area in Guangzhou. 27. September three G3M Kanoja Kokutai attacked on the railway route from Chan-kchou and Art Chin led four Hawks from the airport Shao-kuan against them. While the pilots of the Hawk III, 29. wing have claimed one kill, the Chin according to your report one machine only damaged and chased him away. Probably it was the same machine, G3M1 lieutenant Jošidy, which crashed into the sea near Shandong-start.

Section captain Chan arrived in Taiwan yuan 16. September. Two days later they were above the taiyuan sent two observation Nakadžimy Ki 4 12. Hiko Rentai, to verify the increasing activity of the chinese air force. Here they verify the Hawks 28. the squadron that both of the two machines shot down. 21. September the city was attacked by 14 heavy bombers the Mitsubishi Ki 2 12. Hiko Rentai, accompanied by seven Kawasaki Ki 10 1. Daitai 16. Hiko Rentai. Started against them, all seven of the Hawks, but the Kawasaki this time, arrived earlier than the Chinese to gain height, and routed them. He was shot down by a Hawk 281, piloted by Lieutenant Liang Tingting-Jüanem, on the machine of lieutenant Louie Yim-Quna, who shot down one of the Nakadžim a few days before, with the jammed machine guns and had to go back. Chan found himself in a duel with three Kawasaki, led by major Miwou. He initially left his wingmany to circle around and attack itself. Chan was able to avoid his střemhlavému attack and when Miwa tried once again to gain altitude, Chan ho in flames sent to the country. Both of the remaining Ki 10 on it immediately attacked, and Chan, without a cover and room for maneuver, eventually, tried to shake his pronásledovaltele in the anti-aircraft fire over the city. gun emplacement, on which he relied, but it was empty, and in a chase immediately above the rooftops of the city was eventually hit in the back and left elbow. In an attempt to make an emergency landing on the playground of a nearby school crashed into the roof of one of the buildings. Ki 10 major Hiroshi Miwy was chan's first, and last victory, because the consequences of injury to him made it impossible to return to flying.

In October 1937 finally came overkill, and desperately outdated and depleted Hawks II have been replaced by Theatres. Hawks II were moved to air schools, where the last of them come to an end at the beginning of the 40. years..
Curtiss Hawk II - Čína koupila 50 těchto strojů, zde ovšem označovaných jako Hawk I

Čína koupila 50 těchto strojů, zde ovšem označovaných jako Hawk I
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Germany


In 1931 in Cleveland took place next to the National air races, and featured on them also known an acrobat and a former naval test pilot Al Williams with his thoroughly modified an order P-6, named Gulfhawk. Williams here in addition to the usual acrobatics show and dive-bombing practice bombs. Among the audience was also shortly before exiting Ernst Udet, provoválečné fighter ace and also a great acrobat, which is under the impression of this exhibition decided one Hawk buy, but lacked the finances. In 1933, but received an unexpected sponsor - , Hermann Göring, in an attempt to convince him to take over the functions in the recovered Luftwaffe, for him purchased not one but two new Curtissy Hawk II. these machines were due to still paying restrictions nadiktovanému by the treaty of Versailles bought as civilian, unarmed. The machines in Germany were given the registration D-IRIS and D-IRIK, according to the pictures was at least one delivered even with float landing gear.

These Udetovy Hawks differed from the others both by using a wider Townendova ring around the engine (which of course, they also have a Turkish license machines), and also redesigned the tail, with the wheel corresponding to the american BFC-2, located in the cut-out under the rudder just behind the hull. The first of them, D-IRIS, was destroyed 20. June 1934, Udet jumped. With the second for the following four years he performed after the air days, and he also participated in the opening of the olympics in Berlin in 1936, which hark back to the olympic rings, painted on his torso. In addition, the Hawks used to test the tactics of dive bombing. During the war a trace of D-IRIK disappear to after the war appeared in a field near Krakow. Today this machine is located in the the Museum of the Polish air force in Krakow, and although incomplete, it is the only extant specimen.

[source]Sources:
Bowers, Peter. Curtiss Navy Hawks in Action, In Action Well.1156. Squadron/Signal Publications, Carrollton, Texas, 1995. ISBN 0-89747-342-6.
Bowers, Peter M. Curtiss Aircraft 1907-1947, Putnam Aeronautical Books, London 1979. ISBN 0-370-10029-8.
Hagedorn, Daniel P. Latin American Air Wars and Aircraft 1912-1969. Hikoki Publications, Mardens Hill, 2006. ISBN 1-902109-44-9.
Hagedorn, Dan, Sapienza, Antonio L. Aicraft of the Chaco War 1928-1935. Schiffer Publishing, Atglen 1997. ISBN 0-7643-0146-2.
Andersson, Lennart. A History of Chinese Aviation - Encyclopedia of Aircraft and Aviation in China until 1949. AHS of ROC, Taipei 2008. ISBN 978-957-28533-3-7.
http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/hawk_ii.htm
surfcity.kund.dalnet.se
www.muzeumlotnictwa.pl
http://www.aviastar.org/air/usa/curtiss_hawk2.php
www.turkishairforce.org
http://blog.nationmultimedia.com/print.php?id=1611
www.aeroflight.co.uk
https://www.fac.mil.co/index.php?idcategoria=3356
hartmann.valka.cz
http://www.tuncay-deniz.com/ENGLISH/KTF/ktf.html
http://www.tayyareci.com/muzem/mu72.htm
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http://www.airminded.net/goshawk/goshawkad.html [/source].
Curtiss Hawk II - Jeden ze dvou německých Hawků II, s civilní dočasnou imatrikulací, vybavený plovákovým podvozkem

Jeden ze dvou německých Hawků II, s civilní dočasnou imatrikulací, vybavený plovákovým podvozkem
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Curtiss Hawk II - D-IRIS, ještě s původní registrací D-3165. Tento stroj byl zničen v červnu 1934.

D-IRIS, ještě s původní registrací D-3165. Tento stroj byl zničen v červnu 1934.
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Exhibit Kraków museum. It is one of the unarmed German machines. This attended the Olympic ceremony in Munich..
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Curtiss Hawk II - vlastní foto

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Curtiss Hawk II - vlastní foto

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Curtiss Hawk II - vlastní foto

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Curtiss Hawk II - Jeden ze dvou exportních Curtissů Hawk II zakoupených v září 1933 v USA Ernstem Udetem. Stroj továrního čísla H-80 představoval verzi Sea Hawk II a v Německu byl zkoušen jak ve vodní, tak v pozemní konfiguraci. Létal natřen hliníkovou barvou (RLM 01). Obdržel německou civilní registraci D-3165, která se opakovala na obou bocích trupu, na spodní ploše dolního křídla a horní ploše horního křídla. Na levé straně SOP se nacházel červený pruh s černou svastikou v bílém kruhovém poli, na pravé straně SOP pak byla německé trikolóra v národních barvách (černá-bílá-červená).

Jeden ze dvou exportních Curtissů Hawk II zakoupených v září 1933 v USA Ernstem Udetem. Stroj továrního čísla H-80 představoval verzi Sea Hawk II a v Německu byl zkoušen jak ve vodní, tak v pozemní konfiguraci. Létal natřen hliníkovou barvou (RLM 01). Obdržel německou civilní registraci D-3165, která se opakovala na obou bocích trupu, na spodní ploše dolního křídla a horní ploše horního křídla. Na levé straně SOP se nacházel červený pruh s černou svastikou v bílém kruhovém poli, na pravé straně SOP pak byla německé trikolóra v národních barvách (černá-bílá-červená).
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Curtiss Hawk II - Pozdější podoba Curtissu Sea Hawk II (továrního čísla H-80). Stroj původně nosil imatrikulaci D-3165. Po změně registrace německých civilních letounů v dubnu 1934 obdržel tento stroj nové poznávací značky. Registrace D-IRIS byla aplikována na obvyklých místech na trupu i křídlech (v té době již nosil pruh se svastikou na obou stranách SOP) . Stroj byl v té době předváděn v pozemní konfiguraci. Letoun byl zničen na letišti Tempelhof 20. 6. 1934 (jindy udáváno 20. 7. 1934), když spadl do nezvládnutelné vývrtky. Pilot Ernst Udet se zachránil na padáku.

Pozdější podoba Curtissu Sea Hawk II (továrního čísla H-80). Stroj původně nosil imatrikulaci D-3165. Po změně registrace německých civilních letounů v dubnu 1934 obdržel tento stroj nové poznávací značky. Registrace D-IRIS byla aplikována na obvyklých místech na trupu i křídlech (v té době již nosil pruh se svastikou na obou stranách SOP) . Stroj byl v té době předváděn v pozemní konfiguraci. Letoun byl zničen na letišti Tempelhof 20. 6. 1934 (jindy udáváno 20. 7. 1934), když spadl do nezvládnutelné vývrtky. Pilot Ernst Udet se zachránil na padáku.
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Curtiss Hawk II - Jeden  z prvních tří Curtissů Sea Hawk II, které v lednu 1933 zakoupilo peruánské letectvo. Tento stroj se zapojil do kolumbijsko-perunánské války o Leticii (1932-33). Ztracen byl až po skončení války při letecké havárii dne 22. 5. 1934 u Iguitos. Pilot teniente (poručík) Augusto Tello Dyer nezvládl akrobacii a zahynul. Zbarvení letounu je rekonstruváno podle černobílé fotografie, spodní plochy hliníkové, pro horní a boční byla zvolena hnědozelená barva. Výsostné znaky se nachází též na horní nosné ploše, stroj nebyl vybaven pomocnou kýlovkou pod zadní částí trupu.

Jeden z prvních tří Curtissů Sea Hawk II, které v lednu 1933 zakoupilo peruánské letectvo. Tento stroj se zapojil do kolumbijsko-perunánské války o Leticii (1932-33). Ztracen byl až po skončení války při letecké havárii dne 22. 5. 1934 u Iguitos. Pilot teniente (poručík) Augusto Tello Dyer nezvládl akrobacii a zahynul. Zbarvení letounu je rekonstruváno podle černobílé fotografie, spodní plochy hliníkové, pro horní a boční byla zvolena hnědozelená barva. Výsostné znaky se nachází též na horní nosné ploše, stroj nebyl vybaven pomocnou kýlovkou pod zadní částí trupu.
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Curtiss Hawk II - Jeden  z celkem sedmi Curtissů Sea Hawk II, které ve 30. letech zakoupilo peruánské letectvo. Tento stroj byl zakoupen až po skončení války o Leticii.  Roku 1940 vyfotografován na letišti Las Palmas, kde dosluhoval jako cvičný. Stroj nese hliníkový nátěr na všech plochách.

Jeden z celkem sedmi Curtissů Sea Hawk II, které ve 30. letech zakoupilo peruánské letectvo. Tento stroj byl zakoupen až po skončení války o Leticii. Roku 1940 vyfotografován na letišti Las Palmas, kde dosluhoval jako cvičný. Stroj nese hliníkový nátěr na všech plochách.
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Curtiss Hawk II - Tovární podoba Curtissu Hawk II vyrobeného firmou Curtiss pro tureckého zákazníka. Jako většina exportních strojů nese i tento hliníkový nátěr na všech plochách. Ze snímku, podle něhož je tento bokorys rekonstruován, nelze určit, zda se nacházelo výsostné označení i na křídlech (což bylo v tureckém letectvu obvyklé).

Tovární podoba Curtissu Hawk II vyrobeného firmou Curtiss pro tureckého zákazníka. Jako většina exportních strojů nese i tento hliníkový nátěr na všech plochách. Ze snímku, podle něhož je tento bokorys rekonstruován, nelze určit, zda se nacházelo výsostné označení i na křídlech (což bylo v tureckém letectvu obvyklé).
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Curtiss Hawk II - Hawk II za výzbroje III. Av Taburu (3. leteckého pluku) tureckého vojenského letectva působil roku 1940 z letiště Izmir (Smyrna). Letoun pravděpodobně patřil mezi stroje vyrobené v licenci leteckou továrnou Kayseri. Horní a boční plochy kryla tmavá zelená, spodní plochy hliníkové. Turecké výsostné znaky se nacházely rovněž na horní ploše horního křídla. Letoun byl vybaven třílistou kovou vrtulí a kulomety měl umístěné v kapotách podvozku.

Hawk II za výzbroje III. Av Taburu (3. leteckého pluku) tureckého vojenského letectva působil roku 1940 z letiště Izmir (Smyrna). Letoun pravděpodobně patřil mezi stroje vyrobené v licenci leteckou továrnou Kayseri. Horní a boční plochy kryla tmavá zelená, spodní plochy hliníkové. Turecké výsostné znaky se nacházely rovněž na horní ploše horního křídla. Letoun byl vybaven třílistou kovou vrtulí a kulomety měl umístěné v kapotách podvozku.
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Curtiss Hawk II - Sea Hawk II č. 814 kolumbijského vojenského letectva. Rovněž Kolumbijci nasadili stroje tohoto typu do bojů o Leticii. Tento letoun vydržel ve službě velmi dlouho - ve stavu Aviación Militar je uváděn ještě v únoru 1943.

Sea Hawk II č. 814 kolumbijského vojenského letectva. Rovněž Kolumbijci nasadili stroje tohoto typu do bojů o Leticii. Tento letoun vydržel ve službě velmi dlouho - ve stavu Aviación Militar je uváděn ještě v únoru 1943.
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Curtiss Hawk II - Hawk II č. 36 z výzbroje bolívijského vojenského letectva během konfliktu v Gran Chaco, první polovina 30. let. Hawky v této válce sloužily vletech 193-35 v rámci Grupo No.I a No.II a též escuadrilly Punta de Alas. Konkrétní zařazení tohoto stroje není známo.  Letoun celý nese hliníkový nátěr, výsostné znaky se nacházely též na horním křídle.

Hawk II č. 36 z výzbroje bolívijského vojenského letectva během konfliktu v Gran Chaco, první polovina 30. let. Hawky v této válce sloužily vletech 193-35 v rámci Grupo No.I a No.II a též escuadrilly Punta de Alas. Konkrétní zařazení tohoto stroje není známo. Letoun celý nese hliníkový nátěr, výsostné znaky se nacházely též na horním křídle.
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Curtiss Hawk II - Jeden z čtyř kubánských Hawků II. Stíhačky byly dodány počátkem roku 1933 a postupně všechny ztraceny při nehodách do července 1939. Letoun nese hliníkový nátěr, horní plocha horního křídla žlutá, motorový kryt červený.

Jeden z čtyř kubánských Hawků II. Stíhačky byly dodány počátkem roku 1933 a postupně všechny ztraceny při nehodách do července 1939. Letoun nese hliníkový nátěr, horní plocha horního křídla žlutá, motorový kryt červený.
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