Jihlava

     
Název:
Name:
Jihlava Jihlava
Originální název:
Original Name:
Jihlava
Další názvy:
Other Names:
Iglau
Nižší územní celek:
Lower Administrative Area:
okres Jihlava Jihlava District
GPS souřadnice:
GPS Coordinates:
49°23'45.591"N 15°35'28.350"E
Místní části:
Local Municipalities:
Červený Kříž a Antonínův Důl (část)
Henčov
Heroltice
Horní Kosov
Hosov
Hruškové Dvory
Jihlava
Kosov
Pávov
Pístov
Popice
Sasov
Staré Hory
Vysoká
Zborná
První písemná zmínka:
First Written Reference:
1233
Vojenské objekty:
Military Objects:
Památky:
Historical Sights, Places of Interest:
Kostelík sv. Jana Křtitele
Kostel sv. Jakuba Většího
Kostel Nanebevzetí P. Marie
radnice
měšťanské domy
Kostel sv. Ignáce s kolejí
Kostel sv. Kříže
Kaple sv. Ducha
opevnění (hradby)
Brána Matky Boží
katakomby
Pomník královské přísahy
Muzea:
Museums:
- -
Osobnosti:
Personalities:
Vincenc František Faltis (1856–1951), dirigent, kapelník a hudební skladatel.
MUDr. Leopold Fritz (1813–1895), lékař a politik
Louis Fürnberg (1909–1957), spisovatel, básník, dramatik, novinář, publicista, překladatel a diplomat.
Jakob Josef Joebster (1627–1695), doktor medicíny a jihlavský fyzik
Alfred Maria Jelínek (1884–1932), český právník, hudební skladatel a sbormistr
Václav Kovanda (1719–1788), sochař a řezbář
Barbara Krafft-Steiner (1764–1825), malířka
Martin Leopold z Löwenthalu (1556–1624), městský písař a tvůrce jihlavské kroniky.
Gustav Mahler (1860–1911), hudební skladatel a dirigent
Václav Jindřich Nosecký (1650–1732), barokní malíř
Rudolf Panholzer (1874–1928)
Jára Pospíšil (1905–1979), český operetní tenorista
Jan Václav Prchal (1744–1811), sochař a řezbář
August Prokop (1838–1915), architekt a uměleckoprůmyslový výtvarník
Ernst Sommer (1888–1955), právník a spisovatel
Johann Nepomuk Steiner (1725–1793), vídeňský dvorní malíř
Dislokované jednotky:
Garrisoned Units:
Průmyslové podniky:
Industry:
Vlajka:
Banner:
Znak:
Coat of Arms:
Poznámka:
Note:
- -
Zdroje:
Sources:
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihlava
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#450174 Version : 0

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Jihlava (Iglau)


V období 1.republiky sídlo politického a soudního okresu.


Sčítání lidu v roce 1930: 31 028 obyvatel (z toho 17 968 osob národnosti československé, 12 095 osob národnosti německé, 93 osob národnosti ruské a 327 osob národnosti židovské).


Posádka byla ustanovena v r. 1918


Jednotky nebo úřady umístněné v posádce:
náhradní prapor Pěšího pluku 24 (od května 1934),
Pěší pluk 31 (od září 1920),
Pěší pluk 38 (od května 1938),
Dělostřelecký pluk 1 (od května 1938),
III. oddíl Dělostřeleckého pluku 6 (od října 1924),
II. oddíl Dělostřeleckého pluku 102 (květen 1938 – červen 1938),
Horský dělostřelecký oddíl 256 (červenec 1920 – leden 1923),
Dělostřelecký oddíl 256 (leden 1923 – prosinec 1937),
Posádková nemocnice Jihlava (březen 1922 – prosinec 1923 a od července 1938),
Doplňovací okresní velitelství Jihlava (od listopadu 1919).


Pro potřeby vojska byly k dispozici Velké kasárny, adaptované pro vojenské potřeby roku 1781 z dominikánského kláštera (založen roku 1247, celkově přestavěn v letech 1516-1518) a Dělostřelecké kasárny z konce osmdesátých let 19. století.


Zdroj:
VÚA Praha, fond Posádková velitelství
J.Fidler a V.Sluka, Encyklopedie branné moci Republiky československé 1920-38, Libri 2006
Recenze knihy
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#173906 Version : 0

This post has not been translated to English yet. Please use the TRANSLATE button above to see machine translation of this post.

Období:
Period:
Československo 1945-1992 Czechoslovakia 1945-1992
Jednotky a úřady umístěné v posádce:
Units and military institutions located
within garrison administrative boundaries:
01.06.1945-DD.MM.1949 Pěší pluk 31
DD.MM.1947-31.12.1950 Náhradní prapor Pěší pluk 24
01.10.1949-30.11.1950 Pěší prapor III/29 Pěší pluk 48
01.06.1945-30.09.1945 Dělostřelecký pluk 260
01.10.1945-30.09.1946 Dělostřelecký pluk 52
01.10.1945-30.09.1949 Dělostřelecký oddíl I/6 Dělostřeleckého pluku 6
01.10.1945-30.09.1949 Vojenská nemocnice 25
01.08.1955-30.09.1958 8. tankosamohybný pluk
01.10.1958-DD.MM.1990 8. tankový pluk
DD.MM.1960-DD.MM.1969 6. školní tankový prapor
DD.MM.1969-DD.MM.1971 ŠDZ tankového vojska
DD.MM.1983-DD.MM.1992 4. protiletadlový pluk
DD.MM.1963-DD.MM.1978 4. technické opravny DD.MM.1978-31.12.1992 4.prapor oprav techniky
DD.MM.1988-31.12.1992 21. pluk oprav tankové techniky
DD.MM.1988-31.12.1992 2. brigáda technického zabezpečení
DD.MM.1974-31.12.1976 6. radiotechnický pluk
DD.MM.1976-31.12.1992 82. protiletadlová raketová brigáda
DD.MM.1974-DD.MM.1992 183. protiletadlový oddíl
DD.MM.1974-DD.MM.1992 185. protiletadlový oddíl
DD.MM.1976-DD.MM.1992 187. protiletadlový oddíl
01.06.1945-DD.MM.1949 31st Infantry Regiment
DD.MM.1947-31.12.1950 Replacement Battalion of 24th Infantry Regiment
01.10.1949-30.11.1950 3rd Infantry Battalion of 48th Infantry Regiment
01.06.1945-30.09.1945 260th Artillery Regiment
01.10.1945-30.09.1946 52nd Artillery Regiment
01.10.1945-30.09.1949 1st Artillery Battalion of 6th Artillery Regiment
01.10.1945-30.09.1949 25th Military Hospital
01.08.1955-30.09.1958 8th Self-propelled Tank Regiment
01.10.1958-DD.MM.1990 8th Tank Regiment
DD.MM.1960-DD.MM.1969 6th Training Tank Battalion
DD.MM.1969-DD.MM.1971 School of Tank Troops for Reserve Officers
DD.MM.1983-DD.MM.1992 4th Anti-aircraft Regiment
DD.MM.1963-DD.MM.1978 4th Technical Repair DD.MM.1978-31.12.1992 4th Repair Techniques Battalion
DD.MM.1988-31.12.1992 21st Repair of Tank Techniques Regiment
DD.MM.1988-31.12.1992 2nd Brigade of Technical Services
DD.MM.1974-31.12.1976 6th Radiotecnical Regiment
DD.MM.1976-31.12.1992 82nd Anti-aircraft Missile Brigade
DD.MM.1974-DD.MM.1992 183rd Anti-aircraft Battalion
DD.MM.1974-DD.MM.1992 185th Anti-aircraft Battalion
DD.MM.1976-DD.MM.1992 187th Anti-aircraft Battalion
Poznámka:
Note:
- -
Zdroje:
Sources:
http://vojenstvi.cz/vasedotazy_31.htm
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#402304 Version : 0
Period:
Period:
Austria-Hungary (1867-1918) Austria-Hungary (1867-1918)
Units and offices stationed in the crew:
Units and military institutions located
within garrison administrative boundaries:
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Headquarters infantry regiment no 81
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY machine gun section I and II of infantry regiment no 81
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY I., II. and III. battalion of infantry regiment no. 81
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY the Replacement battalion of infantry regiment no. 81
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Útvarová hospital
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Branch of the military quartermaster warehouse
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY II. battalion zeměbraneckého infantry regiment no. 14
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Zeměbranecká military hospital
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Headquarters četnického department no. 7
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY 81st Infantry Regiment Command
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY 1st and 2nd Machine-Gun Section, 81st Infantry Regiment
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY, 1st, 2nd and 3rd Infantry Battalion, 81st Infantry Regiment
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Replacement Battalion, 81st Infantry Regiment
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Troops Hospital
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Branch of Military Quartermaster Store
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY 2nd Battalion, 14th Landwehr Infantry Regiment
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY Landwehr Military Hospital
DD.MM.YYYY-DD.MM.YYYY 7th Gendarmerie Department Headquarters
Note:
Note:
- -
Source:
Sources:
"Friedens-Ordre de bataille to. in. to. Heeres, der k. to. und der to. in. Landwehr gültig vom 1.April 1914 (Vienna 1914)
Seidels kleines Armeeschema - Dislokation und Einsteilung des to. in. to. Heeres, to. in. to. Kriegsmarine, der Landwehr und der königlich ungarischen Landwehr (Wien, 1914)"
.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#416294 Version : 0
Founding of the city of Jihlava

The origins of the settlements upstream of the Old Jihlava tend to be placed to the second half 12. century and the emergence of the church of st. John the Baptist in the last quarter of the century or before the year 1200. In the period 1234-1240 occurred in Jihlava to the discovery of silver ore, which triggered the influx of new residents, miners, merchants and artisans, which led to the transformation of the existing settlements in the city. New horničtí colonists came from central Europe and from distant countries, prevailed, however, in German speaking countries, a large part of them from the austrian Danube region and the alpine countries. Jihlava with its surroundings, so from mid-13. century becomes a territory with a German majority and creates there the so-called however, the jihlava German language island (Iglauer deutsche Sprachinsel). Amounted to about 38 km length and width of 12 km, in the north of Havlíčkův Brod after the south after Otín u Stonařova. In later centuries the enclave towards the west and northwest slightly reduced, existed until 1945.
The first indirect mention of written sources relating to Jihlava as the town comes from the chronicle of the dominican monastery in the alsace Colmar in connection with moving people for the "silver fever" from the year 1249. From the same year followed by the mention of the miners from Jihlava in the so-called Second continuation of the chronicle of the bohemians, where they are described details of the siege of the Prague castle Václav Even. for fighting against povstalému margrave of meissen Přemyslovi (later king Přemysl Otakar II.) in the summer of 1249 approximately between 6. and 16. August. The fighting on the king's side also attended the jihlavští miners, who probably contributed the most to the construction of the siege engines and the construction of the quit the mines and other engineer works. According to current historical and archaeological sources created a new upper town of Jihlava on the conveniently located wide ostrožně south of the Old Jihlava after 1240, perhaps already around the year 1243.
On the basis of the wording of the notary, Henry of Isernie, acting in the přemyslid office for a long time it was considered substantiated, that the existence of the walls is in Jihlava proven already in the 70's. years 13. century. Until around the year 1270 is placed in the form, according to which the king had to forgive in the four years the city of berni, in order to repair the walls and build new ones. The city then proceeded to the complex construction of the fortifications with the main wall, parkánovou the walls and the moat, including the towers.

Assault Jihlava year 1402 – "Carp day"

Under king Wenceslas IV. security in the country has decreased, in particular by the action of the different retinues, most of which was identical with the crews of noble castles, and some were downright mugging character. For Jihlava was the most dangerous Janáčovo let us.... Each exit jihlava buyers on the market to another city meant danger. The nobles thus compensate for its economic weakness. In the background of the conflict was emancipation process of cities towards the existing ruling class nobility.
The events surrounding the ambush of Jihlava in detail portrayed Tomas Pešina of Čechorodu in his work Mars Moravicus – war history of Moravia. Own the impetus of the attack on Jihlava according to him, was the detention Team of Beech of the genus Leskovců for arrogance, committed in the city. It is very likely that the ambush led by Jan Sokol z Lamberka and Zikmund Křižanovský of Rokštejna, the lord of the nearby castle at Brtnice. Among the participants were zemané of near and distant neighborhood: John, Ernest, and Nicholas of Leskovic, Jan Dvořecký, Smil from Dírné, Dětřich from the Cold, Frenclin and Borš of Trojovic, Bernhard of Tlokoč, Mikeše of Kružic and more.
The attackers gathered on the second Sunday of lent, i.e. 19.-20.February 1402, allegedly in Trest and went to Jihlava. Around midnight the attack began on the city walls on the northwest side of the minorite monastery. Using carried the ladders we managed to overcome and break into the monastery. Here should be occupied by the gate of the Mother of God and the intruder should penetrate into the town square. Saw it is, however, a kind woman and caused alarm. Bullhorn guards the gates was convened, the city cash. Another alarm aroused the monk, when he wanted to give the bell the usual sign for the night prayers and saw the invaders in areas of the monastery. The townspeople Jihlava quickly armed themselves, and after overcoming the monastery gates stormed the attackers inside the monastery and in the city streets. Roles are reversed and against the increasing odds of domestic attackers turned to retreat. The strength and bravery among them reportedly excelled Havel from Rásné, which two of the townsfolk killed, but eventually he was captured. Of the defenders have fallen four of the attackers, seven and twelve were captured. Among the captured was also Jan Dvořecký and the young Falcon, (the later hussite hetman Nicholas).
The attackers, some of whom stayed a few days in the city jail, had to pay a heavy fine of 4,000 kop groschen.
First thing in the morning after the attack, the townspeople gathered in the convent school of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary to give thanks for saving the city. Every other year then it was in the annual day held votive procession with the worship and the priests obdarováváni carp and grošem. Hence the festival got the name of the carp day. Held regularly until the onset of protestantism, for the last time in 1526. The event resembled in minoritském church memorial plaque with the inscription about the robbery of the city and its rescue and also with the names of the four burghers, who, when the defense laid down their lives.
In the background of the attack were disputes between markraběty Prokop and Joštem, because Jihlava stood on the side of Jobst, can support the attack seen on the side of Procopius. Despite the high fines longed for the enemies of Jihlava for revenge. In a direct attack on the city were not forces sufficient to, and such a noble retinue attacked the particular merchant expedition, which threatened trade between the cities. Among the victims were also members of the highest patrician layers of Jihlava. After one such attack, hearing the captured members of the šlechcké entourage revealed that behind this attack stood mr. Vilém of Pernštejn, which was the moravian provincial governor, whose duty it was to maintain order in the country.
In the year 1410 to Jihlava enforce the king Václav IV. charter entitling her to the destruction of the premises of the permanent pests of roads, thieves, and highwaymen, chase them, and according to the law to punish such criminals. Relationships Kutná hora, Kolín, Čáslav, Clay, and other cities to Jihlava led to the coalition of cities to defend against the lower, even the high nobility, who threatened his thieving družinami.
Another big overflow of Jihlava prepared sometime in the year 1414, a number of leading gentlemen and yeomen - William of Pernštejn, Čeněk of Přibyslavě, Jan from Brandys, Rifle, Doubravi and Půta from Častolovic. If it occurred, is not confirmed. Spree around the city but continued. Powerful lordly houses built castles in the vicinity of urban strongholds. In Jihlava were the castles of Rokštejn and Brtnice. The beginning of the 15. century held the Rokštejn temporarily Sigismund of Křižanova, who led the ambush against Jihlava in the year 1402. Sometimes in the twenties Jihlavští Rokštejn conquered and partly pobořili, exactly, but it is not known. After his role taken over Brtnice. The second robbery Jihlava daimyo družinami took place during the hussite wars of 1432. Zdeněk Brtnický of Wallenstein with John of Lichtenburg attacked Jihlava, pillaged it, and Zdeněk managed to capture prisoners. Jihlavští however, fought back and vice versa was captured by John of Lichtenburg – the ambush thus finally ended the exchange of prisoners. About the ambush are not available to secure the historic news.

Hussitism and Czech republic

Due to the fact that members near and far of the nobility, who Jihlava hurting their robberies, they joined the side of the hussites – the position of Jihlava in the ranks of their opponents was given not only fidelity to the crown, but also previous precipitation with loupežnými družinami the same nobles, who headed under the sign of the chalice.
Drains of the city and the constant need of defense buyers led to the strengthening of the defense of the city even before the hussite wars. In the arsenal of the urban crew is so received and the amount of firearms. These weapons, along with reinforced walls amounted to Jihlava impregnable.
After the outbreak of hostilities with the hussites the town crew has reinforced the mercenary crew paid the monarch. The crew was in Jihlava sent at the beginning of 1422, and in the city served (possibly with interruptions) up to the year 1436. The governors markraběcích mercenaries became chief and city cash and decide on all military matters of the city. Jihlava is due to its position became advanced point of the anti-hussite side of the party and hindered the creation of a coherent territory under the hussite power. Belonged to the moravian towns, which had a major share on the fact that the accessories to the hussite movement had failed to firmly penetrate into Moravia.
After the death of king Václav IV. Jihlava swore fealty to the new king of the Czech and margrave of meissen moravian Zikmund and then his successors in the government of Moravia, Albrecht of Austria (married Zikmundovou daughter Elizabeth).
The result of its strategic position at the českomoravském the border changes in the development of the total fighting significantly exhibited in the Jihlava. With other moravian cities Jihlavští involved already into the first Zikmundova the campaign against the prague hussites in the spring of 1420. It is likely that the city crew with guns engaged in the siege of Prague. Detailed reports about the involvement in the siege of Prague and at the battle of Vyšehrad but they are not available.
Camp, also in 1420, seized control of the city of Pelhřimov and over želivským the monastery. There was a fight to the Kamenice nad Lipou. This swipe tábor the hussite west stopped by Bet, which filled up the fugitives and refugees from the territory occupied hussites. Želivským the monks managed to save the Jihlava jewels and monastic archives, and for long settled in the urban parish. Next arrived the townspeople escaped from Čáslav and the beginning of the year 1422 from Kutná hora and the German Brod, together with the monks from the sedleckého of the monastery.
The end of the year 1420, jihlavská the crew in the number of 300 foot and 40 riders participated in the siege of the Camp led by Oldřich of Rožmberk.
The beginning of the year 1421, after the failure of the siege of Plzeň, Zikmund returned via Caslav, Jihlava to Znojmo, where he acted with the duke Albrecht. For the promise of help and the dowry of his wife got Albrecht from Sigismund of the city of České Budějovice, Znojmo, Jihlava, Jilemnice and Pohořelice. Zikmund also pledged to help in the case of the defence of the towns before the hussites. Five of the pledged cities had strategic importance in the defence of transitions from Bohemia and Moravia in the Austrian countries. Albrecht, therefore, was going to the city to occupy a strong crew and make them the foundation for a struggle with the hussites. In the spring of moravian lords of the negotiations to prevent a campaign of the united camps and inhabitants of prague to Moravia, from the point of view of Jihlava was the significant activity of the hussites on the Soviets. Moravia ran the attack of the catholic party at the local centre of the hussite movement, their full domination should be an introduction campaign in the Czech republic. Sigismund, Albrecht, Jan Železný, the silesian princes and their allies broke the hussite resistance of Znojmo, moravian slovakia and Valachia in the result of which changed the party of the majority of moravian lords. Conquered was Martínkov u Moravských Budějovic, where they sent their mercenaries and Jihlavští.
After climbing the hussites in Moravia approached Sigismund with its allies to prepare a campaign in Bohemia. Power is concentrated in Jihlava. In Case Sigismund arrived no later than 5. 12., in the city the carried out important meetings and for the Czech king here Sigismund acknowledged some of the leading Czech nobles. Once ended the political and military training took 13. 12. 1421 the troops to Bohemia. Soon after the beginning of the year 1422, via Jihlava saw the army back after their defeats in Kutna hora, Habrů and German Brod. I myself Sigismund is saved beyond the city walls, which stopped the persecution of his troops. Zikmund are downloaded on to Moravia and Hungary. The rest of the year 1422 and the beginning of the following year was held in the small conflicts between the crew of the city and the hussites, mainly from the town of Pelhřimov. Jihlava and other major moravian cities were indistinguishable from war action with the struggle against traditional robber enemies. 1423 was, therefore, restored the defensive guild Brno, Olomouc, Znojmo and Jihlava directed against robber knights. In June 1423 pulled to tow the Moravia prague the hussites, Jihlava but missed. Not so the September campaign Žižka. Local názem "camp" over the Pístovem perhaps recalls the camp of the hussites from this period. Jihlava is Žižka resisted, even to the attempted attack, which led the then however, the jihlava governor of the Mates of the Roru. Eventually agreement was reached and They then dragged forth and laid siege to the Telc. The losses exceeded one hundred persons.
In the year 1424 continued with a minor war between the Jihlava and the crew camps in Pelhřimov and řečice village. In the bodyguard at the Želiva fell and Jan from Leskovce. Followed by another swipe camps in Moravia, in which 11. 10. 1424 Zizka died. Under the leadership of Sigismund Korybutoviče was fought on the Mississippi. The focal point of the hussites was to velké Meziříčí, where the hussite troops 1424 teamed up against Albert. About Jihlava many messages is not, but according to the chronicles the town suffered great damage in the suburbs and in urban villages.
1425 is Jihlavští compete with camps in the battles of Kamenice nad Lipou, which lay between them. At the beginning of the year to Kamenice got into the hands of the camps. Journey from Jihlava to the conquest of the Kamenice, but failed. From the western side is the most fought in the vicinity of the Hotel, where Jihlava sent reinforcements and Znojmo. In the summer of 1425 the hussites Třebíč was conquered. Shortly after (in September), appeared the great hussite troops before the town of Jihlava. After a six the siege of the city by the united camps and the inhabitants of prague was the siege lifted. The hussites after the futile conquest of the Jihlava penetrated through Moravia into Austria. The result was the undermining of Jihlava from all sides, the connection with Znojmo, however, remained nourished. In the end of the year was the expedition of Jihlava towards the village Stříteži. In the year 1425 was also the expulsion of the Jews from Jihlava.
Year 1426 was in the sign of the hussite offensive. In the northwest fought back in Olomouc. Campaign from the Camp led by the usual route around Jihlava in southern Moravia. When returning from a sortie the hussites conquered the Břeclav. Táborité under Prokop Holý dragged to Ivančicím, where they joined with other troops. Before Jihlavou is gradually replacing nearly all the main táborští warlords. In the year 1427, probably in march/April and besieged the town of Jan Roháč of Dubé in the return of camps and orphans from the austrian Light to the Czech republic, or with another drag of camps and sirotů the end of the year, with the second stream going to the southwest Moravia. As a result of exhaustion from the intense combat activity occurred at the end of the attenuation events. Minor actions continued through the year 1428. Even the year 1429 to the hussites held the initiative, but the cg fights was outside of the bohemian-moravian borderland. Rest helped and the closure of the local truce. 1430 was marked by increased opevňovacích work in connection with the campaigns of the hussites in Moravia, of the Austrian and Hungarian lands. Jihlavská the crew resulted in the conquest of želivského monastery from the power of the hussite hetman Nicholas Sokol z Lamberka. During the campaign of the duke of Albrechra in south Moravia at the end of the summer 1431 fell into the captivity of Jihlava. Albrecht while he was going to continue the campaign in Bohemia with the base in Jihlava, but defeat in a battle near Domazlice, reversed the strategic situation and the initiative passed again into the hands of the hussites.
1432 continued minor local war and was the above-mentioned ambush Jihlava daimyo families. 2. 8. 1433 armistice was signed with Zdeněk Brtnickým of Wallenstein in connection with the truce between the moravian hussites and by duke Albert. March ladfrýd moravian of the year 1434 he had for Jihlava in particular the importance of the provisions against the local thugs. After the victory of the catholic party at the Grayling remained in the western Moravia bases of the hussites, Mississippi and Ivančice.
1436 was in Jihlava after three-month negotiations declared kompaktáta, which ended the hussite struggle compromise.
A peace treaty between the towns of Tábor and Jihlava was, however, signed until the year 1441.
As a result of fighting suffered Jihlava not only heavy economic losses, but was also a noted decline in the population of about 30-40 %.

1437 died Sigismund of Luxembourg and in the kingdom of power struggled three sides. Jihlava joined the austrian side. 1439 died and Albrecht of Habsburg. Followed by another round of internal struggles, of which the eastern landfrýd in the head with Jiří of Poděbrady came out ultimately victorious. 1449 was in the summer convened to Jihlava synod, to discuss the hussites Jiřího z Poděbrad with the catholics, led by Oldřich of Rožmberk. Without to arrive to an agreement, was at least matched a temporary truce.

5. 10. 1453 in Jihlava arrived Ladislaus the Posthumous on the way to the coronation in Prague, in the gates of městaho welcomed the provincial administrator George of Poděbrady. Ladislavova death opened a new chapter with the history of the city

Jihlava against George of Podebrady

The resistance of Jihlava against Jiří of Poděbrady is one of the most important chapters in the history of the city. The election of George of Poděbrady as the Czech king hit on the opposition in the other Countries of the Czech crown, in particular in catholic cities in Moravia. Their additional consent cost him a lot of diplomatic efforts and concessions. Most of the cities joined to the election of the same year, in the following year joined the city of Silesia and Upper Lusatia. Jihlava, however, as well as Znojmo and Wrocław, and continued to hold a dismissive attitude. George decided to get them to submit to violence. To Jihlava, however, sent only a part of his army and with most headed for Znojmo, which nu eventually gave way. Jihlava first pledged to do the same thing at the diet svoleném to Brno, but at the hearing she didn't do it. After what has expired 9. July the deadline for meant for faithfulness, pulled to Jihlava, Czech republic Jiri army.
The first stage of the siege was commanded by Burian Trčka of Lipa. First there was an attempt to resolve the situation by negotiation, success but has not reached. The city was therefore besieged. The siege lasted four months. In the negotiations between George and Jihlavskými involved, even the emperor Frederick. Eventually 15. 11. 1458 Jihlava gave up. A peace treaty was signed 30. November in Prague. Jihlava had to promise loyalty and accept the garrison of royal soldiers. Jihlava then faithfully fulfilled the oath of allegiance to abolition of the compacts pope Pius II. After his bule of December 1466, in which said kališnického the king deposed, went to the side of the opposition (Zelenohorské unity).
1467, a union of the cities of Olomouc, Jihlava, Brno and Znojmo, who stood up to the side of the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus and Zelenohorské unity. In march 1468 declared Corvinus George war. The first achievement was the encirclement of the armies of the Victor of Poděbrady in Třebíč, it may have for the father to flee, but his forces capitulating. Gradually giving up more of the city and the Corvinus so he controlled the even of a large part of Moravia. 1469 raided Mathias with his troops to Bohemia – at william's was, however, surrounded and in front of the overwhelming defeat and capture of the king was only saved by a promise to George, that makes peace and will act as an intermediary between him and the pope. His promise, however, Matthias did not keep the and already 3. 5. 1469 was in Olomouc, the voices of the catholic lords elected king of bohemia. The Czech rump but instead chose the king Vladislav Jagiello. In the result, once again broke out to the fullest of the fight.
1471 the earth's shifts, have opted for the Czech king Vladislav Jagiello, Matthew who dominated two-thirds of the Countries of the bohemian crown, but it did not recognize. Pressure on the pope reached a statement Vladislavovi the election null and void and declared himself a Czech king. The solemn coronation took place on 28. 5. 1471 in jihlava the parish church of st. James the Greater. Fighting between supporters of both camps were terminated when the peace of 1478 in Olomouc, which admitted the government of Bohemia Vladislavovi and Moravia retained Matyášovi along with Silesia and both Lužicemi. 28. 8. 1486 both rulers met at the meeting in Jihlava, which discussed some of the scanty issues. Both stayed in Jihlava to 11. September.

Lutheran Jihlava

From the bastion of the catholic faith in the years after the hussite wars, the town fell gradually into the state when it prevailed lutheran faith, mainly due to the contact with the German cities in which proceeded the reformation. Belonging to this faith was also one of the motives for the involvement of Jihlava in the resistance of the Czech estates against the king in 1547. The impetus was the war between the emperor Charles V and the saxon elector John Frederick and the other protestant states, grouped into šmalkaldského association. The emperor asked for the help of his brother, Czech king, Ferdinand I., who tried to fight against professional opposition in the empire, involve the earth's cash from the Czech republic. This provoked the resistance of the Czech estates, nechtějících enjoy the earth's cash militarily outside the territory of the Czech republic. The Czech army for a royal proclamation gathered only in a small number of and, conversely, the status began to collect troops for the defence of provincial freedoms. Addressed and states the moravian, but unsuccessfully, to involve only the Jihlava. 24. 4. 1547 the catholics were victorious in Mühlbergu and with odbojnými states was hard reckoning. And Jihlava in the result, the royal court sentenced to high fines.

Jihlava has become a platform for the campaign of archduke Matthias of Hapsburg, for the crown of the Czech king in the year 1608. Moravian estates to the assembly in Ivančice, conducted a coup, overthrew the catholics and to the head of the provincial administration got Karel the elder of Žerotín. The moravian army joined the Hungarian-austrian in the lead with Matthew and drew 5. 5. 1608 in Jihlava. The next day after the army set out to the Czech republic. The result was the retention of Rudolf II. under the Czech king, but Matyášovi was promised the succession.


Jihlava during the thirty years ' war

The first reaction of the city on the reports of the prague defenestration was a pragmatic intensification of patrols in the city gates and walling the two of them – Špitálské and Brtnické. In the summer of 1618 an Ferdinand II postavilypouze the Czech conditions, while a representation of the Moravian margraviate stay prohabsbursky neutral. At the turn of August and September dragged around the city to the Czech republic the main imperial army, together with sections morevské the earth's rides. For the initial fighting in the southern and south-eastern Czech republic as the Czech republic provide hosporářské background for the imperial troops. In November 1618 after fighting with the Church in it was umístěl hospital for the imperial soldiers.
The moravian provincial synod held 1. 5. 1619 invited a group of around Ladislav Velena of Žerotín general Thurn with the army. A place where with him part of the moravian šlechy met, 23. 4. 1619 became Jihlava. The opening of the gates and taking the crew to have a neutral city added to the side of the estates ' rebellion. The provincial council was 9. may be enforced connection to the Czech uprising.
The imperial soldiers outside the walls the city appeared a month and a day after the white mountain battle – 12. 12. 1620 Jihlava surrendered. The result of participation in the uprising were high fines and the catholic reformation of the city (including the arrival of the jesuits to the city). Part of the population went into exile in the year 1625, probably headed to Upper Hungary.
The cost of the imperial troops fell on the Bet heavily. The city, which still the year 1602, estimated his property at 250 000 gold, now owed the most of all cities. In 1630, the debt has reached a top, after I couldn't even repay the interest on the loans and the city will go bankrupt.
1628 was in the city established the imperial armory.
At the time of the thirty years ' war were to Bet the hardest the last two years of fighting, when it occupied the Swedish regiments. 13. 3. 1645 penetrated into the city without fighting the Swedish soldiers and disarmed the city cash. The Swedish troops after a few days of rest and zkasírování ransom pulled away to Znojmo, but left in Jihlava crew consisting of Österlingovým and Prückelovým infantry regiment and Penzovým and Tannabergovým driving regiment. The commander of the city became colonel Samuel Österling. The swedes began rebuilding the city into a massive baroque fortress with ten bastions, spaced at the north, east and west perimeter and zabezpečovanými water from Koželužského creek. It is considered that just at this time was completed the system of underground catacombs with a length of 23 km. The construction was forcibly attended by all the inhabitants of the city. As the imperial troops gradually taken surrounding the city (1646 – German Brod, Telč, Brtnice, Mississippi, 1647 - Pelhřimov, Origins, Horní Cerekev and Polná) started the Swedish crew suffer from lack of food.
Attempt in April 1646 some měštanů secretly arrange with the imperial sections at the opening of the gates of the city was ohalen and the participants executed. First continued only minor skirmishes with the imperial troops passing through the area and then in June 1647 arrived imperial army general Raduita de Souches, but after five weeks of unsuccessful siege of the imperial forces retreated. The second siege of the city began 1. 9. 1647, sections of the army field podmaršálka John Christopher count von Buchheim and general Raduita de Souches. In addition to the other attended infantry regiments Conti, de Mers, holzapfel of, Knöring, Buchheim, Rochow, Souches, Strassoldo, Waldstein ... Was built a siege wall with a few redutami with siege guns, which opened fire 5. 10. Heavy fighting culminated at the end of November, when the circle of the siege pulled up to the walls of the city. 30. 11. he was fatally wounded by the Swedish commander of the town is colonel Samuel Österling, who died 1. 12. His successor, colonel Claudius Benchson closed up 7. 12. 1647 an agreement with the imperial and the next day Bet left. The balance of the Swedish occupation was tragic. In the city remained only 234 home with a thousand inhabitants, on the Swedish thoroughness in the destruction evidenced by the fact that in the vicinity of Jihlava were made in the years 1646-48 at harvest. After Olomouc was Jihlava most damaged by the city. The Swedish crew was replaced by the imperial and Jihlava became a rooming house for the regiments Conti, de Merse, and others. The war reduced the population to one-eighth of the original number.

"Fortress" Jihlava

15. 12. 1653 was Jihlava declared together with Brno and Olomouc for the walled city. In practice, this meant that the fortification system created by the Swedes with ten smaller bastions were replaced by bands of eight larger bastionů, linked each other kurtinami. The new danger, this time threatened from the north but from the Ottoman empire from the southeast. The first Turkish section received in the vicinity of the city reportedly already in 1663, but the 1683 with the siege of Vienna became the threat of the real.
30. 7. 1726 intervened against jihlavským dates so resistant to supply the army setnina Thunovského regiment.

The war of the austrian succession struck the Bet at the outset. Her role was not just important logistical base, but 9. 11. 1741 in it were placed the first imperial troops of the army corps of prince John George Christian Lobkovice, who here built up the rear of the army warehouses. 2. 1. 1742 arrived in Jihlava entire army corps, including the commander. Four regiments of infantry (regiment Lubomirského, the regiment Caraffyho, the regiment Palffyho and the regiment of Saint Ignonova) deployed in townhouses in the number of 20-40 men on the house, the cavalry regiments (the regiments dragounského Bernesova and Psetvarmegyeiho hussar) remained on the suburbs and surrounding villages. 14. 2. 1742 with the army corps moved to Jindřichův Hradec. Barely left the town the last of the imperial troops, was Jihlava occupied by units of the saxon army major general Aemiliema Frederick free lord von Rochau, a total of 4 battalions of infantry with 8 guns and a few sections of the ride. 19.February has arrived and a saxon general staff with Friedrich August von Rutowski and members of the royal family. 10. 3. 1742, after the payment of fees it has collected the saxon army towards Znojmo. The departure of the Saxons much relief did not bring, Jihlava continue to operate as týlová base and military hospital. Eg. after the battle of Chotusic came to the city 1 648 men of different units, including 612 wounded. Only 23. 9. 1742 appeared the imperial section of the regiment of Leopold Joseph Maria Dauna, who stayed here until the 29th. 12. 1742. By dissolving the municipal war cash at the end of the year 1742 to concluded their own military power Jihlava, a year after it was sold to the city of cannon. The Status of the fort was the city taken in the year 1755.

Garrison town of Austria,

The military reforms of Maria Theresa appointed a standing army of about 108 thousand men. To Moravia was part of it placed six infantry regiments. 1751 therefore and Jihlava became a garrison town when there was a stationed infantry battalion.
1752 was to Jihlava temporarily assigned to regiment no. 31 Samuel free the lord of the Holler von Hallerstein. After the regiment Leopold count present pálffy ab Erdöd.
The year 1769 was to Jihlava relocated the headquarters of infantry regiment Prince of Saxony-Hildburgshausenského, which under the new numbering of the received number 8. Jihlava has become his home crew. Individual battalions have in addition to their own city crew in Telč, Třebíč and velké Meziříčí. The regiment stayed here mainly in peacetime, in time of war Jihlava was becoming a temporary crew for other departments. Jihlava is 1771 became the main center of outlet precinct infantry regiment no. 8.
1776 was the army handed over the former jesuit monastery. 1781 were of the dominican republic released the premises to their convention. Was then commenced to remodel the buildings at the barracks. 1753-54 was built the military hospital, then what capacity did not suit, was 1784-86 built a large military hospital (Truppenspital). 1786 was built a military bakery and the "Big magacín" – a military warehouse, which was burned during the ignition of the flash 16. 5. 1793.
In February 1800 through Jihlava downloading 3. corps of the army of marshal Suvorov.
On the basis of the decree of the archduke Charles of 24. 10. The 1800's began to take shape so-called patriotic legion, its 13. the battalion was formed from volunteers from the jihlava and olomouc region. Directly in Jihlava was established on 1. setnina. 9. 4. 1801 was after the conclusion of the Lunévillského peace legion disbanded. When, in December 1804 he retired from the Jihlava home regiment no 8, moved here units infantry regiment Freidricha Manfrediniho no. 12, however, they remained only until the summer of 1805. After the departure of the infantry regiment remained in Jihlava eskadrona kyrysnického regiment Frederick Anthony prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen no. 8., three hundredths of artillery and a hundred recruits forming the backup battalion of domestic ordinary infantry regiment no. 8.

the Napoleonic wars - the Battle of Štoků

19. 11. 1805 in Želetavy appeared bavarian troops, the military commander of the Jihlava colonel. Auerham has declared an emergency, but if around ¾ of the ten appeared a mounted patrol with the news that the enemy is in sight of the city. Not long after he rode into the city section of the bavarian light horse, of 1. and 2. švališérského regiment of the vanguard of the bavarian corps. A sharp surprise attack austrian defender stepped in and forced them to retreat from the city. In the following days they drove through the city towards the north another bavarian sections, which ... occupy the next places in the region: 23. 11. Polnou, 25. 11. Humpolec, Pelhřimov, Dolní Cerekev ... etc. the Bavarian corps so in the Highlands ensures the left wing of Napoleon's "grand army" of scientists between Brno and Vyškovem. 25. 11. occurred in Jihlava also to a change of the occupying troops, the Bavarians abandoned the city and their place taken by the French departments of Even. army corps, a total that was 3 717 men who stayed here to 29. 11. 1805. Two days before the Artists arrived and the commander marshal Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte. After the French set off toward Slavkov, returned to this city the Bavarians. Since the beginning of December they were attacked by the austrian sections of the so-called "Czech choir" which was tasked to keep Bohemia as long as possible against a possible Napoleon invasion.
The first clash occurred on the night of 1. 2. December 1805 at Zvonějova in space Charles woods, where four battalions of foot infantry regiment Gemmingen no 21 have ambushed the camp of the vanguard of the bavarian 3. brigade. When protizteči with a merit of 2. light battalion succeeded the austrian attack repulsed for the price of fifty dead and hundreds captured. On the morning of 3. 12. 1805 attacked the bavarian partitions on Štoky, which occupied the. The main conflict between the bavarian sections of gen von Wredeho and imperial sections of the Czech corps archduke Ferdinand occurred 5. 12. 1805. An austrian corps was grouped into the three columns to the north and northeast of Štoků. The left wing formed a column of three battalions of foot infantry regiment Sigmund free the lord of the Gemmingen-Hornberg 4.21, the two squads švališérkého regiment Maxmiliana count Baillet de Latour # 4 and half of riding the battery. The central column consisted of the VI. battalion of the ordinary infantry regiment Reuss-Plauen # 17, III. battalion of the ordinary infantry regiment Karl Eubena Erbach-Schöngerba no. 42, VI. battalion of the ordinary infantry regiment Reuss-Greitz no 55, IV. battalion of the ordinary infantry regiment Joseph, count of Colloredo-Walsee no 57, volunteer of the Czech game battalion, two divizionů dragounského of the regiment Hohenlohe no. 2 and divizionu hulánského regiment Maxmiliana count Merveldta no. 1. The right wing formed a reserve battalion in the ordinary infantry regiment archduke Maximilian no. 35, a battalion of foot infantry regiment Sigmund free the lord of the Gemmingen-Hornber no 21, three squads švališérského regiment Francis prince Rosenberg-Orsini's no. 6 and half of riding the battery. The left column in Smilova commanded by col. Johann Theodor svobný lord Wacquant-Geozelles, the middle column at the imperial road at the solitude the Lark commanded the field podmaršálek Frederick Anton prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and of maj -. Prokop count Vratislav of Mitrovice, the column of right-wing rozmístnila in the village Okrouhlička under the command of field master at arms John Charles earl Kolowrata-Krakowského and col. Charles earl Civalarta dHappancourt. The bavarians were stationed at Štoků, artillery předsunuli on Lime hill lying to the northwest of town, where he was a good shot on the access road from the Okrouhličky and solitude the Lark.
The battle started around one in the after noon the sharp attack by the austrian left wing through the village Pozovice. Not long after, others joined the austrian column. The right flank managed to repel the counterattack by the bavarian driving and in artillery fire to squeeze out the enemy from positions on the Vápenném hill. For a quarter of an hour after they were Štoky in the hands of the austrian partition. The bavarians are without artillery started to download to Zvonějovu, where they began to form a battle line, but the drop in attack is the right austrian column. The toughest fight they ran on the plain to the south and southeast of the Štoků in the area now called "The Declivities“, where he was also the grave of the fallen bavarian soldiers. In the course of further fighting was considerably damaged, the hunting chateau Charles woods near the Pávova and destroyed wildlife park in its surroundings (now in the premises of the firm Bosch). The bavarians have lost 800 men. On the austrian side with the most distinguished VI. a battalion of the ordinary infantry regiment Reuss-Plauen # 17, VI. a battalion of the ordinary infantry regiment Reuss-Greitz no 55, a battalion of foot infantry regiment Gemmingen no 21 and volunteer Czech hunter battalion. Today štockou battle reminiscent of the monument to the right of the state of the road on the Bet about 200 m from the Štoků. During the night of the 5th. 6. 12. left the Bavarians Bet and retreated to the Moravian Budejovice. In the morning the city was occupied by austrian troops. However, thanks to the defeat at Austerlitz was according to the agreement on the ceasefire however, the jihlava region, together with the Brno and Znojmo delivered into the hands of the French. Couriers brought this message to Jihlava 8. 12. 1805. French parlamentář demanded the evacuation of the territory. The austrian sections, therefore, the second day of clearing out the Bet and gave way to Caslav. Before they had to dismiss the bavarian prisoners and the return of the loot. Bet again occupied the bavarian sections, which reinforce the French troops from Brno. Subsequently, the city and its surroundings through various services. 27. December left the last of the Bavarians and in the city remained only the French. New year in Jihlava celebrated and marshal Bernadotte, who went 7. 1. 1806. In the city remained the crew of the French 8. terraced infantry regiment 16.January 1806, when the city also left.

Jihlava again the austrian

The reform of 1808 was set up zeměbrana (Landwehr) and the infantry regiments stationed in Bohemia, in Moravia and in inner Austria were added two battalions of defence. Training of these battalions with a gun took place on Sundays and public holidays. Once a month used to be the team convened to exercise in larger sections, hundredths and standards, which lead the officers the rank and file of the partitions. Annually attend the 21-day training camp. Along with the army's advance became zeměbrana an important addition to the army in case of war. However, the jihlava 1. zeměbranecký battalion in the assembly of the ordinary infantry regiment distinguished itself when bodákovém attack in Glinzendorfu, and participated in the repulse of the attack of the French cavalry, in which his lieutenant governor Lawrence, the Course received the knight's cross of the order of Maria Theresa. The year 1813 were zeměbranecké battalions incorporated directly into the structure of the infantry regiments. In time of peace consisted of zeměbranci for each infantry regiment IV. battalion and in time of war IV. and In the. battalion.
The maneuvers of the year 1808 took place at the "Moose" in Jihlava under the command of archduke Ferdinand.
Before the battle of Aspernu resided in Jihlava the general staff of the austrian army. In August 1813 he was in Jihlava positioned the newly formed battalion of field hunters no. 12. Of his six hundred men each were in Jihlava three, the others were placed in Vílanci, Hybrálci and Ždírci, where they were later relocated to Polná and Stonařova. 5. 12. 1813 the battalion fought at Besanconu.
The home crew from the year 1820 continue to be accounted for unit 8. the ordinary infantry regiment, which although on the three years moved away to Italy, but he then stayed, in addition to participation in the maneuvers, in Jihlava another 23 years.
12. 11. 1819 in Jihlava stopped the Russian tsar Alexander I., visit reiterated in 1822.
1831 was in Jihlava is located on 800 Polish officers and soldiers, failed revolutionaries from the Russian part of Poland, part of them finally took advantage of the amnesty and returned home, most, however, after the groups went to France.
14. 10. 1835 in Jihlava is stopped by the austrian emperor Ferdinand I., the following year he stopped again, this time together with the empress when you return to Vienna from prague of the coronation.
1836, the commander of the regiment he became colonel. Johann Franz Kempen from Fichtenstammu, which is very instrumental in the development of the city of Jihlava. For which he Jihlavané built the memorial in the park on today's Freedom square.
21. 2. 1846 broke out at Cracow uprising, prompting the deployment of 14 austrian regiments, among them the jihlava ordinary infantry regiment no. 8.

the Revolutionary Jihlava in the year 1848

25. 3. 1848 gathered on the square almost all the population, to indicate support of new ideas. The result was the establishment of the national guard three days later. 5. 5. 1848 already her condition had reached 800 men. Its commander became a retired lieutenant. Johann Letscher. The only event was the intervention of its successors in the number of 300 men against the participants of the anti-jewish violence in the city in the days of the 6. - 14. 5. 1850

Without domestic crew

8. 1. 1854 there has been a transfer of staff of an ordinary infantry regiment no. 8 and its outlet precinct in Brno, which meant the end of the 85-year-old operation of this unit in Jihlava. Reduction in the number of soldiers in Jihlava led in 1856 to the remodeling of the Klemetinských barracks at the school.
At the end of the 50. and at the beginning of the 60. years in quick succession been in the city a crew of several units of the field hunters.
1857 – silesian battalion field hunters no 16, 1859-60 – battalion field hunters no. 27., 1862 – haličský battalion field hunters no 13.

the Prussian-austrian war of 1866

On the basis of the decision of the ministry of 13. 10. 1865 were the military estate – the Great barracks infantry, military hospital, warehouses at the old cemetery and on the brtnickém suburbs, the military bakery and training facility in Jihlava handed over to civil administration. The transfer of the barracks meant for the city's financial burden, because after the outbreak of the Prussian-austrian war were in the occupation taken by the prussian army, which is used on the cost of the city as a military hospital.
After the battle of Hradec Králové in Jihlava on the way to Vienna he stopped, archduke Leopold, and a few days later subsided over Bet even the saxon king John. The first wounded austrian soldiers arrived in the city 7. July, the badly wounded were given shelter in the hospital, slightly wounded continued on. Members 33. battalion field hunters arrested three of the prussian spies. The first prussian partitions arrived 9. 7. 1866 before the tenth hour the lead with 8. vestfálským tour de force regiment. While most of the sections continued in a southerly direction, some stayed and camped out in the Large barracks. In the next few days in the city staying above all the sections of the Elbe army. 11. 7. arrived city the crew of the Elbe army, who next day proceeded to the town of Třebíč. It was replaced by the prussian general staff. In Jihlava was also placed 4th. heavy field hospital IV. army corps. After the signing of the peace began to 4. 9. 1866 download from the city of the prussian troops, the last of them left the sixth and the sixty-day occupation of the city ended. It was later calculated that the Jihlava on your spending for a living for 60 days occupation 2 893 officers, 85 949 soldiers and 32 029 horses. Cholerová epidemic with the stay of the troops of the associated cost the lives of 82 of the prussian soldiers and 305 residents of the city. Losing the war proved a major logistical shortcomings, because Austria lacked a rail on the strategic north-south direction, this results in the concession was for the construction of the Austrian northwest railway. 8. 12. 1870 were laid the last of the tracks between the Jihlava and the German Brod, and three days before christmas has arrived at the test ride in Jihlava, the first steam locomotive. Direction to Znojmo was put into service to 25. 1. 1871. 1. 11. the track was opened up to Vienna. The second railway tracks in the town of Jihlava was from a military point of view the so-called Czech-Moravian transversal runway. Jihlava covered the stretch in the direction of the Veselí nad Lužnicí, the ceremonial opening took place on 3. 11. 1887

Before World war

After the end of the prussia-austrian war in Jihlava changed several units. 9. 10. 1866 arrived from Venice headquarters and Even. battalion of the Hungarian ordinary infantry regiment of Louis II. the king of Bavaria no 5. Hungarian soldiers remained in Jihlava to 12. 9. 1867. In Jihlava their place attracted the headquarters and two battalions of the Hungarian ordinary infantry regiment of George earl Jelačiče de Bužim no 69. In November 1869 it was in Jihlava located the headquarters of the zeměbraneckého battalion no. 14. In 1889, however, however, the jihlava zeměbranecký infantry battalion no. 14 became the II. the banner of the brno zeměbraneckého infantry regiment no. 14. In October 1874 there were units of infantry regiment no. 69 reassigned to Dubrovnik and Trieste. In Case you have been reassigned from Vienna two battalions and crew dolnorakouského infantry regiment Henry free lord von Hess no. 49. 22. 8. 1878 the regiment had been ordered back to Bosnia. He participated in the occupation of the country in which he had a loss of life, mainly in the fighting at around the doboj area. After the end of hostilities 4. 10. 1878 the regiment in Jihlava came back. Instead of him to Jihlava again visited the infantry regiment no. 8., but already in Jihlava settled as a domestic and after a time he moved into the home of Brno. 1883 the newly established infantry regiment no 81 my destiny as the home crew Jihlava, where he moved the headquarters and all the battalions. It overloaded all the capacities that were available, and 28. 9. 1883 it was decided to build new barracks. The new object was given the name "the Barracks crown prince Rudolf" and was opened 1. 7. 1887.
1889, has opened new Landwehr Kaserne (later Žižkovy barracks, today the Regional office).
5. 10. 1889 was the headquarters of infantry regiment no. 81. and II., III. and IV. battalion ordered to Mostar. In Jihlava remained only I. battalion and the replacement battalion. Place after units departed to Mostar fill Even. and III. the battalion, including the headquarters of the regiment from znojmo c. and to. infantry regiment George I. king Helenů no 99. In April of 1893 left the battalions and the headquarters of the infantry regiment no. 99 for the autumn maneuvers and in Case you came back, instead of one barracks spaces took command and Even. and II. battalion of the viennese infantry regiment Hoch - und zur wiener staatsoper no. 4. 1896 in August, returned from Vienna, the departments of domestic regiment no. 81
3. 9. 1899 in Jihlava on the way to maneuvers in the Future stopped by the emperor František Josef I.
18. 24. June 1900 in the vicinity of Jihlava was the exercises of the cavalry of defence in the presence of the supreme commander of the Landwehr of archduke Rainer. In September 1909 there were large maneuvers near the town of velké Meziříčí, which participated the German emperor Wilhelm II and the austrian successor to the throne Franz Ferdinand dEste, who 8. 9. 1909 visited Jihlava.


World war

1. 8. 1914 to Jihlava thanks to the mobilization of the reservists turned into a large military camp. Midfielders have added the numbers of battalions in the infantry regiment no. 81 and II. battalion zeměbraneckého regiment no. 14 on the war states, in addition to the IV. the battalion, which with the commander of the mrj. Victor Budinerem was in Bíleći. As the first were leaving from Jihlava right midfielders IV. the battalion, after the ceremony of taking 3. 8. 1914 on the Main square. On Friday, the 7th. 8. 1914 began to Bet leaving the remaining departments.
81. infantry regiment, together with the znojmo 99. infantry regiment formed the jizera river 7. infantry brigade, which, together with the brno 8. infantry brigade, in whose assembly he was 8. infantry regiment (garrison predecessor 81. regiment in Jihlava, Czech republic), accounted for 4. infantry division, which is in Galicia in the ranks of the II. army corps engaged in actions 4. army.
Jihlava was also the gathering place of the domobraneckého battalion no. 38 (Landsturmbataillon Nr. 38), which after assembly issued south to Dolomitů.
After the departure of combat units to the front stayed in Jihlava "the Replacement battalion of infantry regiment no. 81" based in Rudolfových the barracks. The commander was mjr. Rudolf Ryšánek, from 25. 5. 1916 colonel. Ferdinand Vogt, from 18. 9. 1917 mjr. Stanislav Nowotny. The task of the replacement battalion was to train the men, from which to prepare the so-called marching battalions (Marschbataillon). Serial exercise took place in the barrack room the yards, sharp shooting on the range in Rančířově. Often conducted training together with the units of the militia or with the members of the battalions of other regiments. In addition to the training and preparation of recruits existed in the Jihlava school of reserve officers, its alumni have been placed as officers-pledges to the backup rotám, or as one-year volunteers to jihlavskému infantry regiment no. 81, and the viennese infantry regiments 4 and 99.
Further in Jihlava operated By-county headquarters no 81, Military hospital (To the. in. to. Truppenspital), By-county headquarters defence no. 14 and the District headquarters of the militia of no. 24.
3. and 5. 9. 1914 to Jihlava arrived two of the first ambulance trains with the wounded, who were rozmísťováni to the original and several newly established military špitálů. Even the expanded capacity was not enough to accommodate the increasing numbers of wounded and sick. Therefore, in July 1915, constructed in the grounds of a military hospital called the infectious barracks, and so the number of beds increased.
Further Jihlava streamed refugees from Galicia, the highest status of refugees was in February, 1916, when they were in Jihlava registered 483 and in the surrounding villages 812.
A convalescent home for the convalescent home were in jihlava county located in the castles (Luke n. J., Brtnice, Telč, Třešť), and in Heleníně.
From 1. 5. 1916 have been opened in the German and Czech agricultural winter school three-month courses for war invalids. At the same time were organized dozens of charity events. Prevailed cash collection in favor of the war widows and orphans.

the End of the first world war

Officially, the number of fallen Jihlavanů as a rule indicates the number 499, and not only in the ranks of the 81. regiment, but also as members of the 99. znojmo infantry regiment and a number of other, mostly zeměbraneckých departments. Many Jihlavanů was also in the captivity, in the prison camps in Russia and Italy, as well as many of the soldiers succumbed to disease and hardship, without would be their fate, something more known.
Even the predominantly German Jihlava had its legionnaire. It was about 420 members, primarily of the Russian legions. The prevailing participation Jihlavanů in the Russian legions was given to the fact that the infantry regiment 81, he worked for the greater part of the war on the Russian front.
In the ranks of the 81. infantry regiment of the home army Jihlavští also participated in defending the borders of the newly established Czechoslovak republic.



[b:him]the Proclamation of the czechoslovak independence

On Monday, 28. 10. 1918 came the first information about the prague coup in the early evening the passengers of express trains from Prague. Jihlavští the Germans, believers in the austrian monarchy, the reports wouldn't believe. Representatives of the Czech minority, the evening gathered in a "Hootenanny", where it was already available special edition of the prague National leaves. The next day was Prague by phone invited a representative of the jihlava Czech JUDR. Louis Chlum, to even in Jihlava was declared a new state. The key question was the attitude of the military garrison in the city, which from the command of lieutenant colonel. With.Nowotnyho was in a state of high mobilization. The military garrison at that time were members of the replacement battalion of infantry regiment no. 81, but also several sections of the viennese regiments no. 4 and 84 mostly of German nationality, in the total number of six hundred men.
Situation resolved the bold act of the Czech officers hjtm. Francis Bought and rtm. Čeněk Kudrnovského. Both of his strong performance convinced the colonel. Nowotného about the need to comply with the situation. In the middle of the 30. 10. 1918 at ten in the morning, he visited the commander of the crew of the office dr. Chluma. The result of the negotiations was the public surrender of the crew, which occurred at two o'clock in the afternoon in the courtyard of the Rudolfových barracks. The presence of a considerable amount of jihlava residents here have embraced all the units stationed in Jihlava. On the instructions of the commander of the soldiers spaced it out according to nationalities: the Czechs on the right, Germans on the left. With the speech ascended to dr. Chlum and the mayor of jihlava Falcon Judr. Jaroslav Red, finally spoke to the commander of the local militia colonel. J. von Penecke, who translated the main ideas of Czech expressions into German, and called on the soldiers to respect the new situation. In the evening the situation began to escalate, because the Czech soldiers began to mass-leaving the crew in the barracks just German soldiers. Fortunately, the Czech side managed to secure a couple of trains, which even in the course of the night and the following day took most of the austrian troops into Austria.
In the evening of 30. October in a Debate held the inaugural meeting of the "National committee for the city of Jihlava", at whose head was elected Judr. Chlum. The key happened to ensure the armed power. The lack of Czech soldiers led to the assignments of members of the jihlava Falcon into the guard service. The challenge of Czech officers began to Czech soldiers from Jihlavska back to the barracks, but a number of them after the acquisition of the equipment, the pay and food the same day once again gone rogue. Therefore, it was 1. 11. 1918 issued a ban on leaving the barracks, whose compliance with the controlled unit of the military police lieutenant. Bittera, sokolskými patrols and the special commission of the national committee.
Some austro-Hungarian officers have tried to twist the situation. In Large barracks with the lieutenant. Emil Krebs, along with several other officers and non-commissioned officers of the section of machine guns armed with revolvers and tried to get into his possession held machine guns. The military police lieutenant. Bittera found out and intervened. To a direct confrontation between the soldiers of both nationalities thanks to the successful negotiations of the Czech officers as not. The result of the compromise was the transfer of the conclusions of the weapons the Czechs with the fact that the German soldiers left the remaining part of the weapons – and so none of the parties couldn't machine guns to use against the other.
The military intervention of the Czech troops occurred 1. 11. 1918 at the main station, where the German head of the Alfred Langelotz wanted to unlawfully deliver to Znojmo and further to Vienna six locomotives. The intervention of the troops were immediately confiscated and the head of the saved from the baton heaving crowd.
In the aftermath of the surprise over the development of the situation jihlavští the Germans recover, a number of major institutions and the authorities of the city was still in their hands, including the town hall, as well as most of the factories. German city hall refused to accept the Czech district leaders and 2. November came out in jihlava the paper Mährischer Grenzbote article with the title "Kopf hoch!", that invoked the imperial manifesto of 16. 10. 1918 on the right to self-determination. At the meeting of the representatives of the city and the mayors of the municipalities of the German language island was about a day later, created according to the Czech pattern of the German national council (Der deutsche Volksrat für die Iglauer Sprachinsel) in the lead with Veno Sedlakem, which has declared a connection request Jihlavska to German Austria. The main concern of the German city council was the preservation of their official acts arising from the rights of the statutory city, because after the termination of the special status of the royal town of Jihlava, would be any political agenda delegated to the Czechs controlled by the county executive. Therefore, to encourage the German population to a standstill, that the czechoslovak state had no reason for military intervention. On the basis of the Provincial national committee in Brno from 7. 11., ordering the city council to recognize the new legal status, however, the Germans reacted by consent with the establishment of the joint control commission for economic affairs, affecting mainly supply to the city. The situation remained tense, because the Czech authorities had to support his power only a small armed force.
For fixing of the Czech power was an important support of the Czech sokol unity. She was at the beginning of the war disbanded, courtesy of the last president of the Francis Masopusta, but they remained its members in contact, and so the second day could offer their services to the emerging of the Czech administration of the city. In addition to the other contacting colleagues in Třebíč, where subsequently reinforcements arrived in the form of falcons on three trucks. You along with jihlavskými formed armed patrols that have popped up in previously non-existent Czech police. The falcons also had the credit on the arrival of the former Serbian prisoners. In Case you came 18. 11. and became an important executive component of the mainstay of the national committee. It was about a squad of Serbs in the strength of about a hundred men in the head with the por. Milosevic from prison camp at Milovice, who at the time of the declaration of independence worked in the area of Jihlava. Their exact and uncompromising interventions was in Jihlava, Czech republic maintained peace and order.
In the next few weeks gradually managed to completely počeštit all jihlava crew, which was from 1. 12. fully in Czech hands. It already even the German town hall began to realize that it can no longer resist and 5. 12. 1918 surrendered.

The decree of the national defense Committee of 30. 10. 1918 was of the units of the former monarchy, a "Domestic army". One of the first orders was dictated by the registration of grades 1900-1873, from which they were released soldiers of German nationality and years older than 1881.
3. 12. 1918 was begun the reorganization of the existing spare battalions of the new departments of domestic troops. This was also the Jihavy, where he was from the Czech military unit formed in November on the basis of the replacement battalion of restored to infantry regiment no. 81, forming a part of the newly created czechoslovak army. His forces, supplemented by soldiers returning from the battlefields of world war I, volunteers from the Falcon and bohemian neighborhood of the city and members of the mobilized volumes played an important role in the consolidation of the czechoslovak state power not just in Jihlava, but also in other cities. 16. 12. 1918 occupied units new unit of the Znojmo. 18. 12. 1918 other unit of the jihlava regiment Slavonice. He was already the commander of the regiment and the crew of capt. in the backup Dr. Bekárek, handpicked to Jihlava by the ministry of national defense.
Individual sections of the regiment operated during the year 1919 on the different places of Moravia. In addition to the cities of the Moravian Budějovice, Telč and Třebíč operated in the border towns with a German majority as a Deep, Rancířov, Třebelovice, Uherčice, Vratnín and Županovice. 1. rota was the beginning of the year 1919 in Bohumín, where she took part in 25. 1. 1919 the fighting with the Poles. In February leaving the newly created III. battalion to Šumperk. At the time of the Hungarian invasion of Slovakia here fighting part of the regiment. In the assembly of the legion 6. the division arrived 14. 6. 1919 as a reinforcement structure in the form of two battalions of the domestic infantry regiment 81. On that day the enemy attacked the section of the Hrabkov – Klebarok, where he managed to disrupt the czechoslovak defense. The next day they were at the critical section near the Hrabkova deployed the battalions. Then home infantry regiment 81 moved into a New Bytče, and in addition, took part in the fighting at Bertotovce, Fričovce, Wide at Brámského pass, etc. After the end of hostilities Also. and II. field battalion moved on the tešín region, and in October 1919, the group operated in Albrechtice.

In Jihlava replace the services of a home regiment 81 after a period of absence of three battalions of infantry regiment 26, setnina infantry regiment 31 infantry regiment 32, infantry regiment 34, setnina legionářského regiment no. 35, replacement battery of the regiment of the gross artillery no. 4.
Furthermore, there has been renaming some of the barracks: while the name "Large barracks" in the Cross street to stay, "Rudolph's barracks" in Brewer's street have changed to "Štefánikovy" and "Zeměbranecké barracks" in Budějovická street, on the "Artillery". Later supplement still "Barracks col. Cobbler“ in the street On the Frames.
The soldiers of the garrison were drawn into ethnic clashes in Jihlava, which culminated in the German celebration of summer solstice 23. 6. 1920.

Bloody summer solstice of 1920

Before the outbreak of the first world war, the celebrated German residents around the feast of st. John feast called Sonnwendfeier (celebration of the solstice). And after a six-year war break could, with the consent of the Czech government commissioner re-arrange.
A few days before the actual ceremony which was to take place 23. 6. 1920 on the hill Kohlhübel (coal hill from Pančavy in the direction of Brno, Czech Kolíbl), advertised the organizers of the festivities in Mährischer Grenzbote invitation with the fact that participation is for the Germans from Jihlava and the surrounding area of the national duties.
Festive speech of the secretary of the German national council in Jihlava Hans Krczala was full of verbal attacks against anything that was associated with the Czechoslovak republic and Bohemia. Krczal his speech was directed at the sensitive issues and his speech encouraged the German national passion. The former mayor of Jihlava Inderka urged all gathered to set out for the singing velkoněmeckých national songs to the city. Parade after ten in the evening he walked up to the statue of the Virgin Mary, and on the way was tearing down the tables with Czech inscriptions. On the way from the Coal hill at the entrance to the city began to skirmishes between the singing Germans and the Czechs, who give them these songs reproach. And for these conflicts to discover the Czech soldiers. It Inderka at the statue of the Virgin Mary he addressed the congregation and appreciated their coming. In these moments of the opening shots have been fired.
They were still several times and even from city hall or the building of the district office, so there were many casualties. In addition to them, however, had the solstice two fatal victims from the ranks of Czech soldiers. They were, by Bohumil Dvořáček (26 years, infantry regiment 26) and Martin Slavko (24 years, 2. a company of infantry regiment 31), who to her injuries have succumbed to. Where, however, were the ones who fired the shots and whether they were civilians or soldiers not happened to the subject of the investigation. On the German side died, the gardener Franz-Wilhelm Maresch, which later became part of the legend of jihlava Germans on the Czech national oppression. Among a number of wounded on both sides was that the other nine soldiers: Viktor Kozelka (2. a company of infantry regiment 31), Čeněk kučera (2. a company of infantry regiment 31), Antonín Pavelka (2.a company of infantry regiment 31), John Oiler (2. a company of infantry regiment 32), Michael Melnik (4. a company of infantry regiment 32), Tomas Bures (2. a company of infantry regiment 31), Joseph Indrák (2. a company of infantry regiment 31), Antonin Kuryrád (3. a company of infantry regiment 32) and Rudolf Teymar (3. a company of infantry regiment 32).
The following day was arrested several persons and foreign players, orelské and sokol patrols had to be deployed to suppress this intense bohemian crowd, who reacted violently to the events of the previous day. At nine o'clock in the morning there was a proclamation of a state of emergency.
Most based investigation files for lack of evidence closed and the legal proceedings at the Regional court was conducted against unknown perpetrators. The charges against the former mayor Inderkovi, against Krczalovi and another was conducted in the Regional court in Brno. Even in these cases given the defendants only mild punishments (Kzczal – 4 months).
Reverent speech over the graves of dead soldiers held the French commander of znojmo 12. infantry brigade colonel. Bouret.

Garrison city of the CZECHOSLOVAK republic

In the peaceful period of the new czechoslovak republic to Jihlava became the home garrison of infantry regiment 31 Arco and artillery sections 256. 2. 5. 1934 was to Jihlava transferred to the replacement battalion of znojmo infantry regiment 24. On the contrary 25. 9. 1935 there has been a shift III. battalion of infantry regiment 31 Arco to Znojmo.
At the beginning of 1934 approached infantry regiment 31 Arco to cooperate with the newly created unit of the National guard 401. Its foundation is the most deserved mjr. Francis Špohr, which became after the provisions of the unit NG her lieutenant.
In 1936, expanded the range of domestic crew III. section artillery regiment 6 Irkutský and the institution of the supplementary district headquarters.
1. 10. 1937 retired from Jihlava III. section artillery regiment 6 Irkutský and to 31. 12. 1937 ceased its previous separate existence of the artillery section 256. At the same time was cancelled znojemská brigade and infantry regiment 31 Arco subject to the right 6. division in Brno.
In 1938 they were waiting on the jihlava crew of the three great celebrations. The first of the festivities was 20. anniversary of the founding of infantry regiment 31 Arco, the other should remind 20. anniversary of the arrival of the regiment to the front, and the third was then to commemorate 20 years of the republic. While the first was done according to the plans and intentions of the organizers, the other already greatly influenced the international events and the third is already taking place. Its preparedness for a possible air assault demonstrated to the inhabitants of Jihlava 2. 2. 1938 the big night exercise CPO.

Crisis 1938

The Occupation Of Austria 12. 2. 1938 showed the need to ensure the defense of the borders of south Moravia against the eventual attack from the new říšskoněmeckého territory. If in the twenties there was no reason for the building of defensive positions, the situation changed at the beginning of the thirties, in connection with the development in Germany. Therefore, in the nástupovém plan III and IIIA of 15. 2. 1933 already counted with určiným securing this space. The safety section from Breclav after the moravian-Czech border should ensure the 35. the backup brigade. From political considerations to Austria was considered the building of a border fortification relegated to the fourth stage, which should be initiated only after 1939. A shift occurred in the context of the international situation in the years 1936-37, when it was ensuring the south moravian borders entrusted to the higher unit at level division, called the Border area 38 (according to the fundraising plan should consist of infantry regiments 10, 24, 31 Arco, a regiment of light guns 38, the joint předzvědného section 38, of an improvised armored train 38, autokolony 330, the bus of the column 8, the telegraph battalion 38, sapper platoon 30, the chariot of the column 59 and 60, the working of the company 59 and 60 and the relevant departments of the services). At the same time began with the construction of the line objects of light fortification. In 1936 was commissioned in the five construction sections 178 pillboxes, light fortification vz. 36, which protect the most exposed orientations of the anticipated enemy procedure from Kadolce until after the confluence of the rivers Moravia and Thaya. The CZECHOSLOVAK command was foreseen that the Germans would be able to perform the bypass from the south and the north, and simultaneously with the republic split into two parts and prevent so retreat čs. armies on the defensive line in the interior and in Slovakia. With the construction of heavy fortifications, however, was envisaged only in the later stages of construction. In the spring of 1937 he started work on a new defensive line formed by the new light objects vz.37 (avoid the enemy to raid). The new route of the fortifications started on the provincial border in Slavonic and led the east on a Sandy – Vratěnín – Vranov – Šatov – Strachotice – Hevlín – Novosedly – Mikulov – Hlohovec – Břeclav until after the confluence of the rivers Moravia and Thaya. All eight construction sections commissioned in 1937 was fully completed during the first half of the year 1938.
After the anschluss of Austria in march 1938, however, faced the real danger of attack from the south. According to the plan to secure the border and nástupového schedule VI of 15. 2. 1938 should mean the state border from the Morava river after the moravian-Czech border to occupy the unit of the Border area 38, however, measures against the threat of German troops was far more extensive. 15. 3. got a brno III. corps orders to summon reservists for light fortifications, in the town of Telč and Dačic was placed hraničářský battalion 3 and the two infantry regiments of the brno 6. the division has been strengthened the team from Slovakia. This was also the case of the jihlava infantry regiment 31 Arco, which was boosted by the 312 men and a squad of anti-tank guns from infantry regiment 9 Karel Havlicek Borovsky (15. division).
For the defense of the entire area was important to the emergence of additional units at the division level in this area, under the name of Group 2 (the commander of the div.gen. F. A), which was formed to 1. 5. 1938 in Jihlava and that was with effect from 1. 7. 1938 included in the war organization of the czechoslovak army. According to the decree 1. department of the main staff of 6. 4. 1938 it was to form the infantry regiment 38, frontier regiments 50 and 51 and the regiment of light works of two sections with six batteries. For certain problems was to group provisionally included light artillery regiment 1 from 1. division, I/51 artillery section of light guns from the army reserves, and rough artillery section II/102 belonging to the Even.corps. All artillery units were placed in Jihlava, part of the artillery regiment 1 in Třebíč.
At the same time have been entered to the construction of the other sections, which strengthened existing defensive positions and immediately started with the preparation of exhibitions 2. the defensive line, which took place at a greater distance inland in the line of: Rough – Pohořelice – Kubšice – ivanovo - Rouchovany – Moravské Budějovice – Želetava – Budeč – Church Myslová – Mrákotín. Here, however, managed to complete the construction work, only the most vulnerable section of the Pohořelic and pour part of the objects in Olbramovice and Telč. Of the 40 infantry blockhouses but succeeded in the unfinished buildings to complete only six.
The may event in the form of emergency military measures (the so-called partial mobilization) necessitated the speedy completion of the organization to ensure the boundaries on the south and south-west Moravia. This was also the Group 2, which was taken over into his composition of the defensive section of infantry regiment 31 Arco stretching from the Slavonic after Znojmo and including the infantry regiment 31 Arco. He traded with hraničářským regiment 50, which passed into the subordination of the Border area 38 to ensure the protection of borders from the river Morava after Znojmo, Group 2 and the Border area 38 were part of a higher volume called Border zone XIV, whose headquarters were in Brno.
Changes in defending the borders of south Moravia experienced during march-September 1938 and Jihlava in the form of constant calling up of reservists and the considerable movement of the local units. Headquarters, I., II. and replacement battalion of local infantry regiment 31 Arco were still at the beginning of the year in Jihlava. While the headquarters and II.the battalion were placed in a Large barracks, Also. and replacement battalion based in Štefánikových the barracks. The important dislocation change occurred at the beginning of the year III. the battalion, which was already from the year 1925 in Znojmo. Day 8. 1. 1938 he moved to the town of Mikulov, which became his permanent crew.
In the days of 23. and 24. 4. took place the celebration of 20. anniversary of the infantry regiment Arco. On Saturday 23. 4. in the afternoon met in the Large barracks of the Italian legionnaires and members of the former infantry regiments 81 and 31, from whence they marched to the monument of TGM, the evening went on the official program at the municipal theatre. On Sunday 24. 4. at 9:30 took place on Masaryk square, a festive show. Also present was the minister of national defense F. Machník and commander of the III. corps gen Hasal and more.
1. 5. 1938, on the contrary, in a demonstration protičešství appeared 36 battalions with swastikas on the houses of jihlava Germans. 25. 5. 1938 was even painted with swastikas memorial of jan Hus.
1. 5. there has been a reassignment II. battalion of infantry regiment 31 Arco to Dačic, where he became a permanent crew in the Monastery barracks. According to the mobilization of the guidelines 20. 5. 1938 moved to the castle in Telč the headquarters of infantry regiment 31 Arco along with Even. the banner, which was removed from the sharp shootings in Vyškov. In Telč was also a company of accompanying weapons. In Jihlava then remained only a replacement battalion. Units of the domestic infantry regiment 31 Arco 23. 5. succeeded in Jihlava infantry regiment 38, who came from the town of Beroun and of Kralovic. In Jihlava was located headquarters, headed by the commander of the regiment colonel. Rammer. Joseph Maxou. Headquarters and And. the battalion were billeted in a Large barracks, II. the banner in the Štefánikových the barracks. Another new unit, which appeared in may 1938 in Jihlava, was II. section artillery regiment 102, who came 21st. 5. of Rokycany. In Jihlava remained only to 29. 6., when he was transferred to the town of Třebíč. 23. 5. arrived from Prague-Ruzyně airport also artillery regiment 1 Jan Žižka from Trocnov under the command of colonel. Joseph Mašína. All artillery units were placed in jihlava Artillery barracks. But even this unit 15. 11. 1938 left. 21. 23. 5. it was in Jihlava located the headquarters of the 4. fast division with the commander of the brig. gen Josef Dvorak. By order of 21. may was division as advance payment VI. the corps deployed in the area of Jihlava – Polná – Krasoňov –Květnov. In addition to the divisional headquarters was in Jihlava located the headquarters of the 4. cavalry brigade, 4. motomechanizované brigade's kanon rota 90 and team fuel. Headquarters 4. the rapid division of the left in the framework of the exercise 23. may to Košetic. Home III. section artillery regiment 6 Irkutský left the city 25. may to Brno.
Municipal elections 12. 6. 1938 was preceded by a stormy campaign of political parties. The election meeting of the SdP held 10. 6. in the hotel, however, the jihlava court was also attended by the mp To. H. Frank. On the Czech side together struggling social democracy with the national socialists. The two eventually joined together against the National unification. Conspiracy over the attack five hundred of the followers 17. 5. in a Conversation, where he held election meetings of the National association. Interfere with here had to the police, with the assistance of the army. Itself the municipal elections were conducted without incidents.
In July 1938 was to Jihlava again placed Passenger the hospital, which found a home in the barracks col. Svec (Hospital barracks).
The second celebration of the year in June 1938 received a slightly different filling, celebrations of a large part of the sound as an unofficial farewell to the regiment.
In the days of 18. and 19. August 1938 resided in Jihlava, the commission, in the composition of the mjr. R. Sutton-Pratt from the british embassy and the british consul in Liberec P.Parres, as part of the Runcimanovy mission in CZECHOSLOVAKIA should investigate the "oppression" of local Germans. It was no accident that they were both in the Jihlava accommodated in the hotel Golden lion, whose director was a functionary of the SdP. Both have been negotiating with the Czech and German officials, cultural operators and representatives of both nationalities. Their conclusions were far from being objective.
On Sunday, 11. 9. took place in Jihlava, the Regional aviation day, the organizer of the Masaryk aviation league of cooperating with the military crew, military pilots, the county organizations of the Masaryk aviation league in Olomouc and was decisive for us. The event took place from two o'clock in the afternoon at the airport in Henčově with the participation of 20 thousand visitors, it has become so significant demonstrations of the Czech forces.

Mobilization 23.9.1938

According to the fundraising plan to include the southwest of Moravia in the operational area of the czechoslovak IV. army (code name Neruda). Its seat was in Brno, the commander of the arm. gen Lion Fled. In vševojskové reserve was left In. corps (alias Wheelwright), deployed to the south from Brno. For the period from 28. 9. to 4. 10. this prepayment was strengthened 2. rapid divisions (alias Andrew), transferred into the space Jaroměřic over Rotytnou. In zone IV. the army were even more volumes from the backup to the Main headquarters. On the west wing in space Pacov – Humpolec 1. fast division (code name Kazimir) and 13. infantry division (code name Dashes), which were prepared to support the defensive struggle III. corps (alias Galls) on the direction of the Slavonice – Jihlava – the German Brod, or in VI. corps (alias Rázus) on the direction of České Budějovice – Prague. From the Czech-moravian border around the vranov dam was held by the defense III. choir. Defend space from the Vranov dam for the moravian-Slovak border was the task of the Border zone XIV (the code name of Svatopluk). Group 2 (code name Jaromir) in subordinates III. the corps had to defend a stretch of the state border on the west of the Border zone XIV after the earth's border. From the foregoing, it is apparent that at the headquarters of the IV. the army will pay the main attention to the organization of the defense in zone III. the choir at the direction of the Slavonice – Jihlava bráněném Group 2 and the coordination of the retreat VI. corps in southern Bohemia, in which she had Jihlava important role. The attack led from Znojmo to Brno or exceeding the lower reaches of the Morava river in the Border zone XIV were considered to be less dangerous. The commander of the III. ward div.gen. Jan Sergěj Ingr had his command post located in Jihlava. In September 1938 III. the choir formed: Group 2 moved to Želetavy, 14. division (code name Fibich) based in Trest, and 19. division (code name Arbes) located in Třebíč. The nearest reserve unit was a 4. fast division in Sobeslav, which already belonged to the assembly VI.the choir and 2.fast division in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou. Air departments in the assembly IV. the army were: menin fighter squadron III/1 (squadron 31, 32 and 34 with the Avia B-534), light bomber squadron, III/5 in Jalovisku (squadron 75, 76 and 77 with Aery Ab - 101) and the fighter squadron I/3 of the Vnorov and Kunovic (squadron 45, 49 and 53 with the Avia B-534). For the Bet the nearest air force unit was 8. squadron (observation with Letovy Š-328) at the airport in Henčově belonging to the III. corps. From the higher air force units was for the Bet closest to the air brigade in Čáslav, specifically Aviation regiment 5, which Also. squadron (squadron 81 and 82) in Křižanově i II. squadron (squadron 83 and 84) in the German Brod were armed with heavy bombers Aero MB 200. Directly in Čáslav was placed 3. squadron Even. corps, which was subordinated to the Even. army.
After the proclamation of a general mobilization 23. 9. 1938 they climbed once again the individual battalions of infantry regiment 31 Arco supplemented by the war conditions in accordance with the secret mobilization plans into the allocated spaces in the south moravian borderlands: And. and II. the battalion was deployed to strengthen the light fortifications in the area of Slavonice – Jemnice (the rest of Even. the battalion went to their positions from the town of Telč 26. 9. in the 15 hours). Plukovnímu headquarters were in addition to the auxiliary of the company subordinated to the zákopnická and connecting a company's kanon and mortar company, Even. and II. field battalion and further IV. battalion of infantry regiment 24. Regiment, who served in the assembly of Group 2, reached to 4. 10. 1938 the full state of the complement of persons and equipment. Against Group 2 were on the German side 44. infantry division and 2 and 3. mountain division. Quiet III. the battalion was commanded by colonel. rammer. Antonin Brychta. His operating space was the light fortifications near the town of Mikulov. Battalion III/81st was now incorporated into the re-created janičářského regiment 11. The battalion was formed from members of the organization of the Republikanische Wehr squad of volunteers of German nationality. Against the forces of the Border area 38 cost services 4. light, 29. motorized and 2. panzer division (referred to formations standing against a Group of 2 and the Border area 38 in subordinates 4. corps gen. W. Lista implemented in the days of 8. and 9. 10. 1938 under the so-called In. stages of occupation the occupation of the local frontier).
From the third fundraising 27. 9. was South Moravia divided into two defence sections: the Eastern, under the command of the Border zone XIV from Brno and the Western, under the command of the III. the choir from Jihlava. Units of this corps forming Group 2 were in the border zone as the first sequence, 14. the division concentrated in the area of Telč and Třešť 19. division in the space of the Hotel were druhosledové. As a backup unit (mobilized unit "B") was in Jihlava yet built infantry regiment 81, whose commander was appointed colonel.gšt. Miloslav Hradečný. Auxiliary regiment mobilized in Jihlava, but belonged to the assembly pohořelické 6. division (code name Kalvoda). To accelerate the mobilization 29. 9. in 18 hours moved to nástupového space 19. division at the Hotel and stepped into its harness. 4. 10. reached 97% of the state of fulfillment. Its core consisted of three infantry battalions supplemented by an auxiliary, zákopnickou, the tie and the mortar platoon. Backup regiment for the entire period of mobilization was operating in the area of Prague, Czech republic – Moravské Budějovice – namest nad Oslavou.
In November 1938 there was a Group of 2 cancelled and started clearing out positions and filling odstoupených the border territories of the German army. 11. 11 moved from Jihlava to Beroun infantry regiment 38 and 15. 11. leaving to Prague artillery regiment 1. In its place came 16. 11. artillery regiment 6 Irkutský. At the same time was the demobilization of the reservists, and the transition to peaceful states of all units. 5. 12. 1938 returned to Jihlava headquarters and III. battalion of infantry regiment 31 Arco, came back and reserve infantry regiment 81, which was immediately demobilized. Also. battalion and a company of accompanying weapons of infantry regiment 31 Arco, however, remained located in Telč and II. battalion in Dačice. 5. 12. he was from Znojmo to Jihlava moved yet III. battalion of infantry regiment 24. In Jihlava was placed in the Štefánikových barracks. State of the state of emergency, promulgated 23. 9. 1938 ended 28. 2. 1939
In march 1939 at the time of the occupation of rest of CZECHOSLOVAKIA, were in Jihlava the following departments: infantry regiment 31 Arco (the headquarters of the, III.battalion, replacement battalion), infantry regiment 24 (III. battalion, replacement battalion), artillery regiment 6 Irkutský, Passenger hospital, Passenger management and temporary stenographer spiritual administration of the personnel command headquarters. The army, however, could only stand by helplessly largest protičeské provocation of jihlava Germans 13. 3. 1939, when several hundred local Germans attacked the town hall. The soldiers, who at that time were training outside the barracks, were immediately pulled out, to interfere, however, were not allowed to and the situation they had to handle just the police departments. Before the third hour of the morning in the middle of the 15. 3. 1939 comes orders all Czech military and police forces not to raise the resistance of the arriving units. Around the fourth hour sections of the local ordnerů under the direction of E. Sladeka occupied the police headquarters, city hall, post office, railway station, plynárnu, power plant, water plant ... etc. the Action "the March vortex" (Märzwirbel) started. The procedure of the German army thus preventing the particularly heavy snowfall, the shoveling snow drifts snow from the roads worked intensively mainly local Germans. Tanks 4. panzer division under the command of maj -. Reinhardt so at 9:15 arrived in Jihlava. A little later arrived the first part of the SS-Standarte Deutschland. 20. an hour ago it arrived in Jihlava and a special group of gestapo, it was part of the Operating section VI Brno, here set up the operating station Jihlava. 31. 7. 1939 were dissolved the remaining departments druhorepublikové army.

Jihlava between Munich and the Protectorate

Thanks čs. mobilization occurred in September 1938 to zádnému henleinovskému coup attempt. The local leaders of the SdP, Dr. Brummer and dr. Hansmann, J.Schramek and 13 other leading nazis from Jihlavska even 17. 9. leaving the republic. Should why run away, when the announcement of mobilization was arrested 26 jihlava Germans and placed into protective custody. 28. 11. 1938 was in Jihlava established by the office of the German reich help, the centre of propaganda became the German house and, above all, the German labour office, whose head became the dr. Leo Engelmann, the next protectorate government commissioner of the city of Jihlava. The NSDAP in Jihlava established for 26. 1. 1939 and participated in protičeských events, at its head stood dr. Leo Engelmann (from 2. 4. he was its regional manager, prof. Raimund Siegl), in the Jihlava linguistic island had 16 groups (Ortsgruppen), of which four directly in Jihlava: 5. Iglau-Nord, 6. Iglau-Süd, 7. Iglau-Streudeutch and 8. Iglau-West. After the annexation of the rest of the republic, local units engaged the Germans became 103. SA Standarte Iglau with five partitions after 18 men (housed in the Brno street no. 15, commander Hauptsturmführer Rudolf Böhm) and in 107. SS-Standarte Iglau whose commander was SS-Sturmbannfuhrer Emmanuel Sladek. 900 boys formed a local section of the HJ – 489. Bann Iglau, KSKK Motorstaffel IV./36, NSFK 9/114 Iglau, 107. Polizei Batallion .... (but we're jumping ahead another chapter)
30.1.1939 have enabled the Czech authorities the use of imperial flags for the anniversary of the seizure of power by Hitler, on the square in front of the headquarters of the SdP gathered assembly of 4 thousand Germans, there was also an assault of several of the Czechs, among whom was a communist Ema Voluntary.
13. march 1939 occurred in Jihlava to national unrest. Several of jihlava Germans penetrated the town hall, where they put up the banner with the swastika. Under the windows of the gathered crowd, which tried to disperse the police. It succeeded until after the arrival of the gendarmes from the gendarmerie station, which had only 18 men (the others were in Slovakia as reinforcements for the battalions of the SOS) the Crowd was dispersed, and then withdrew to the building of the Jihlava house (today a Working-class house). On the fundamentals of the challenges in radio with Germans from all over the county trying to board the school, police station and post office. On this day there was to cast the school in a Stone (Bergersdorf) about a hundred of the local Germans, but at the insistence of the mayor of the municipality of český teacher gave the keys to the school and to the violence there, the afternoon affair were investigating two Czech policemen. Most of the aggression took place in Stonařově (Stannern), during the occupation of the police station with the police there was a shootout with one dead and several wounded. In the morning there began to clump together local nazis at the monument of the fallen, in a short time they are here in the three hundreds. After they left the square and in front of the municipal office (where she was also the gendarmerie and the post office) held a rally with speeches. After ten o'clock he entered Hans Matejko with Julius Schrammkem to the gendarmerie station, where they inquired if he was in Jihlava arrested E. Sladek. The arrest wasn't known to the crowd but to appease the left and set off to the Czech school. It is joined by a troupe of ordnerů from the surrounding German villages, apparently the group that morning demolovala the Czech school in Otíně. The total number of protesters rose to six hundred. About half-past one arrived the information about what is going on in Jihlava. At the police station while the chief constable B. Brhel, together with the staff strážmistrem J. Podsedníkem and strážmistrem About. Balounem barricaded themselves and waited for reinforcements. The building had three entrances, the local blacksmith M. Brüll set off neckami the door and the crowd with sticks and býkovci beat cops and vandalized equipment. Brhel was býkovcem ztlučen into unconsciousness. There was an altercation between Podsedníkem and Brüllem, which odzicil police rifle with 25 rounds of ammunition and a saber. The attackers cut the telephone connection, and seized three rifles and two pistols, 4 cutlasses ..., at the moment when the attackers were at the station, drove četnická signing of Třešť, which was trying to get through to the building. It was the chief sergeant E. Sheepfold, staff sergeant F. Vaňáska and sergeant With. Falcon. they managed to penetrate into the hall, where they were disarmed and beaten up. Vaňáskovi managed to escape back to Třešť, the others were taken to a municipal office, where they were treated. After a mob attacked the post office. From Jihlava after the normalization of the situation took the six-digit police car to Otína to the Czech school and two four-seater cars are released to help the gendarmerie in Stonařově. Between Víláncem and Jihlavou disbanding parade of 60 ordnerů heading to Jihlava. After a few hundred meters before the Víláncem the situation is repeated. To Stonařova arrived all three četnická cars at the same time. They were immediately attacked by a mob. The police began to advance in the formation in the direction from the gendarmerie station to the rustic outhouses. Ordneři started shooting. The first scorer was probably Matejko, staff captain Cricket turned the gun into the transit and fired. He was wounded in the hand, his place was taken by the constable, Binka and fired. Firing ceased. Gendarmes searched the house from which the shots were fired. He was detained one wounded and in the kitchen found shot dead Hans Matejko, in the bedroom, then lay two more participants of the gunfight with prostřelenými knees, were it Jan Gleixner and Václav Pajdal, the third was probably Teltscher. Matejko was shooting at the police recovered a rifle. The local landlord was hit in the lungs – probably shot from a police pistol caliber 8 mm. Injuries were taken by cars to the jihlava hospital, the site remained 10 gendarmes, who liberated the gendarmes held at the municipal office. The police gave an ultimatum to the recovery of the weapons, some have been returned, from Jihlava came reinforcements in the form of six police officers. Has been compiled a detailed report,which was sent to the Regional headquarters in Brno. From Matejko after the occupation became a suitable "hero" of the nazi propaganda. For calling police help was arrested by the gestapo arrested and in a concentration camp sent Francis Fašina. After the war they were for the events of march, in the Stonařově sentenced to death Franz Tomschik (mayor) and Julius Schrammek (executed 19. 9. 1946). In Štokách (Stecken), where there was first to attack men Volksdeutschen Mannschaftu at the town hall of the village, where they put up the flag with the swastika and forced the Czech officials subsequently tried to occupy the police station, but maintain their position under the threat of the use of weapons.
The second day of the riots increased the contribution of both parties. Shots fired in German Vyskytné (Vyskytná near Jihlava), where the Germans wanted to occupy the post office and to discontinue the telegraph connection. The czechs, on the contrary damaged the German inscriptions on the brewery and the building painted the slogans "the Germans out of Stalin here." On an area of about thousand crowd of the morning tore and ruined kiosk of the jewish citizen, and secretary of the Communist party in Jihlava, Czech republic Jana Appelfelda. After crowd attacked police headquarters and city hall. Just using gendarmerie reinforcements and the Czech fire brigade were contested authorities ubráněny.
15. 3. from the Slavonic way through the snow 4. panzer division along with the banner, the SS Deutschland, already on the right side of the road towards the Bet.

however, the jihlava assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler

In the occupied the rest of Czech republic formed however, the jihlava linguistic island of the most significant German community, although less numerous than in Prague or Brno, but thanks to his integrity the most significant and as such was on the program the path of Adolf Hitler. Indeed, when the seizure of sudetenland border region was on the speech in Znojmo this jihlavským the Germans promised.
As is generally known, 15. march chvátal Hitler at the Prague castle, to humiliate the state president dr. Háchu by to welcome him in his mansion. 16. 3. was Hitler's program devoted to Prague, signed a decree on the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, met with representatives of the city, the president of the Háchou even an army general Jan Raw. The following day was to be devoted to the visit of Jihlava. From the period of newsreel about the visit of Hitler and his arrival at Prague castle, it is apparent that he intended to Bet really visit. The footage is seen of the square (already renamed to Adolf-Hitler-Platz) full of people, emblazoned with the town hall, the church of s. Ignazio, the church of st. James and also shoppers soldier on the market under the Kreclem. The cameraman was then sent to Jihlava, to the fuhrer's arrival made. In the weekly then followed up with shots of Hitler in Brno from 17. 3. 1939. But why Hitler in Case you didn't show up? His arrival the local Germans already waited a sixteenth, and then again and seventeenth in all her glory, including traditional costumes from the mining of the parade. Were ready festive postcard and postage stamps with the lettering "der Führer in Iglau". But all was in vain, in the Jihlava visited only Konrad Henlein.
Right after arrived German troops of the fifteenth to Jihlava, take care of the future police director Emmanuel Sladek about the arrest of John Appelfelda, secretary of the communist party in Jihlava. Followed by intense interrogations on dorazivším the Gestapo, during which it became clear that Appelfeld had in Jihlava preparing the assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler. The charge should be placed in the catacombs to the ventilation shaft under the ceremonial podium, ranking ahead of the jihlava town hall. The entrance to the catacombs was on the edge of the square near the church of st. Ignatius. During the interviews it was further found that in the jihlava Grand hotel for the purpose of financial collections for the preparation of the assassination attempt on Hitler encountered the jewish merchants. It was written a list of how many and who provided the money. The bellboy of the hotel this charter is found and surrendered. Followed by house searches for the suspects. The gestapo were later arrest of the other actors. Dr. Pleva, Adolf Riesenfeld, and Hermann Grünfeld. It was rumored that Grünfeld at the time of the arrest he tried to commit suicide. Grünfeld was among the significant to the Germans, thanks to the support of the German football club, and the command squads of the association of voluntary fire brigade (in this league he was a member of i E. Sladek). Together, they were detention taken to prague Pečkárny. Appelfeld was then taken to the prison in Pankrác. After lengthy interrogation, admitted that he jihlavští the Jews were offered a million crowns, and Pleva, Riesenfeld and Grünfeld were just middlemen. In Prague was at the same time also arrested however, the jihlava pharmacist Rudolf Boes. Jihlavou began to circulate rumors about the fact that six or seven Jews were preparing to attack the leader, that is led Appelfeld and after confession were besides him, all shot. But it's not based on truth, in February 1940 they were Reisenfeld, Grünfeld and Appelfeld transport to the concentration camp Sachsenhausen near Berlin. Businessman Adolf Riesenfeld died here 8. 4. 1940 and furrier Hermann Grünfeld 20. 4. 1940. The only one who survived the concentration camps Sachsenahusen, Auschwitz and Mauthausen, was Jan Appelfeld (KZ.Nr. 20247). Appelfeld disappeared even before the arrival of us troops from the area of the concentration camp at Ebensee in Austria. Maybe because he was a camp kapo. After the war, Jan Appelfeld became a correspondent of a youth magazine "New youth". It also was based on his novel the annex under the name "we are Suing...", where he argued that the gestapo wanted his confession of participation in the assassination. You can take a maximum of like circumstantial evidence. This is the only written reference and confirmation of the reason for his arrest. 1947 officially changed his name to Jan Quartz, probably due to the success of the book "We of the camps we're suing," which under this pseudonym he wrote. After the war he lived in Jihlava, in the fifties he moved to Jablonecko.
In any case, after departure from Brno, Adolf Hitler never to the Protectorate didn't, and so we can only speculate if "disclosure of the assassination" just didn't want to jihlavští the Germans to draw the attention and to prove how they are vigilant in the care of a safe leader. Whether it was so or not, Adolf Hitler despite all the festive cards and the annual stamps never in Jihlava was not. The information in the paper Czech word of the day 18. 3. 1939 about Hitler in Jihlava stopped on the way from Brno to Vienna, whether or not based on the truth.

Protectorate Jihlava

At 9: 30 15. march 1939 arrived the first unit 36. regiment 4. panzer division on the square where they were greeted by crowds of local Germans. Command of the police took the local commander of the turner Emanuel Sladek. 16. 3. in Case you arrived native from the local language of the island, the origin of Stonařova, reich minister Seyss-Inquart and gave a speech at the town hall. The events of the previous chapter, about the assassination attempt on Hitler, builds 18. 3. the actions of the gestapo with the name of the Gitter, the arrests of Czech political and economic personalities Jihlavska. In addition to the bombers and Francis Fašiny (Stonařov), they were: J. Pecha, And. Sax, F. Blackthorn, F. Decrepit, J. Machacek, C. Hakl and J. Voluntary.
19. 3. his native city he visited Hans Krebs, who had a speech in the hall of the town hall. A day later he was the first garrison commander of the city appointed major Ramsauer. 21. 3. held on the square, a festive parade of the German army under the command of general Johannes Blaskowitze.
28. 3. there has been looting of jewish and Czech shops, a day later in the streets of Jihlava shooting and was broken 21 storefronts. This event was attended by 40 to 50 members of the wehrmacht, the protective police, and the local Germans. One person has suffered injuries. In the night of the thirtieth, it was torched a jewish synagogue in Jihlava (built 1863). Synagogue set on fire these arsonists: Rudolf Krautschneider, Jan Mopils, Jan Mattl, Rudolf Küsse, Friedrich Habermann and Wilhelm Cute. Established a commission for the examination of events, suspicious persons detained, but subsequently by the gestapo after two to three weeks released. After the war, filed the jewish community a lawsuit against an unknown perpetrator, as needed for the purposes of the insurance company document the damage of the burned synagogue. Commission of inquiry gradually the perpetrator tracked down. But never to court – the reason for this was the imminent danger that the allies will not accept in their occupation zones, punishable by čs. The germans. Therefore, the attempt to quickly move out most of the Germans a number of court hearings even took place.
In Jihlava is settled:
107. the standard terms and the SS - commander Sturmbannfuhrer Emanuel Sladek, directly in Jihlava was placed the III./107.
103. the standard SA – commander Haupsturmführer Rudolf Böhm
489. section Hitlerjudend – commander Franz Wojaczek
Bund Deutscher Mädel – the commander Ulla Theuer
IV./396 Motorstaffel Nationalsozialistisches Kraftfahrkorps - the commander of the Obertruppführer Robert Heuschneider
9./114 Iglau Nationalsozialistisches Fliegerkorps – the commander of the Scharführer Emmerich Sikora
Nationalsozialistischer Reichskriegerbund – commander Hauptmann Josef Huber
Oberlandrat Iglau – the head of Eugen Fiechtener, in the building of the higher regional council resided also the German regional court, the German official court and of the German gendarmerie.
107. Polizei Battalion – commander major Hoppe (later 1941 major Hentschel)
The gendarmerie commander major Emil Franz
The government police – the director of the Emanuel Sladek
207. Schupo – lieutenant commander Selinger
Sicherheitsdienst – the head of the Friedrich Wessely
4. panzer division Jihlava left 11.4.1939
The standard SS Deutschland Bet left 18.4.1939
93. Flak Abteilung commander major dr. Pfeffer
III./132. Infantry Regiment commander lieutenant colonel Schmidt
396/4 and 392/4 ADVICE
Gestapo chief dr.Viertbauer, 5. 9. 1939 - 14. 12. 1940 the criminal council of the Karl Weiss, 14. 12. 1940 – 7. 5. 1945 SS Obersturmführer/criminal commissioner Rudolf Blume

In Jihlava was established by the secondary venue station of the brno gestapo and the criminal police and since June 1939 resided here and moravian as well. battalion of the Ordnungspolizei. In 1943 was opened the rural precinct Sicherheitsdienstu and from the autumn of 1944 here were placed six Jagdkommand on the strength of 30 men in the fight against the partisans. Integ police officers and gendarmes were disarmed and put out of service. Dissolved was also Volksdeutsche Mannschaft and its members could report to SS. In may 1939 was a gala onset of the 585 applicants for the yard the work of the office and 20. 8. 1939 was the oath of 2500 new members of the SS in the square in the presence of To. H. Frank and And. Seyss-Inquarta.
15.-19. 4. 1939 took place in Jihlava, the first payment into the general SS in the presence of Brigadeführera Gottlob Berger. A total of 585 men. Berger is here for the first time meets with the similarities of his name and the nearby village of Bergersdorf (Stone in Dobronína). From the village Bergersdorf was carried 55 men. In terms of the ratio of the number of inhabitants of the village and the number of recruits it was in the most of the entire Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The village, as the only outside the territory of the empire, then earned the honorary title of "model village of the SS".
10.-11. 6. 1939 to Jihlava arrived from Prague on a trip members of the standards of the SS Germania. 21.-25. 6. 1939 Jihlava visited the county head of the Lower Danube region dr. Hugo Jury.
19. 8. 1939 was in Jihlava, Czech republic started the construction of a new model settlement "Siedlung I.", today, in the locality known as "The sun". The start of construction with the participation of minister dr Seysse-Inquarta was attended by 4 thousand people, including governor Koblischka, the regional head of the NSDAP siegel and he ... he, mayor engelmann over, and the earth's high council Fiechtnera.
Arms production in Jihlava: today the old factory Motorpal, formerly of Lang's factory switched to military production as a branch of BMW and produced aircraft engines. Factory Humanic was sold to the firm Of. Wiederholz, later produced components for V1 and V2. Jihlavská "klavírka" produced litter box on ammo and grenades. The company "Quick" produced ammo.
20. 5. 1941 visited Jihlava delegation of commanders of the japanese youth.
21. 1. 1944 was awarded the Knight's cross Jihlavan Heinz Hawelka, who was also the bearer of the Gold clasps for the close combat. In February and march as part of a promotional tour he returned to Jihlava.
26. 4. 1944 grand opening of the elite nazi school - 12. school Adolf Hitler "the Bohemian and Moravia" (today the castle in the forest park Heulos, which serves as part of the Police school), as a single outside the territory of their own empire. The opening is attended To. H. Frank, Baldur von Schirach, Robert Ley, Hugo Jury and Ferdinand Schaal. Successful completion of the school warrant next to the nazi studies on the "order castles".
4. 12. 1944 was definitively out of the three variants of the chosen training ground of the SS on the territory of the cadastre of the municipalities Wiese (Luka nad Jihlavou),Pschedborsch (Předboř), Swatoslau (Svatoslav), Puklitz (Puklice, Prisneck (Příseka), Komarowitz (Komárovice), Pirnitz (Brtnice), Strieschow (Střížov), Primelkau (Přímělkov), Herrenried-Kleinhöf (Panska Lhota) and Unter-Bitowschitz (Small and Lower Bítovčice). Due to the implementation of the project people have to move out. Training area SS units use up to April 1945, then left him.
28. 12. 1944 air raid by allied aircraft on the station, and was destroyed a few locomotives and wagons.
28. 2. 1945 he was awarded the Knight's cross posthumously awarded the second Jihlavan Walter Petra, after he returned from combat flight on the Ju 188.

Resistance in jihlava county

Already in April 1939, on the jihlava county activated the organization of the Defense of the nation under the leadership of colonels Charles Blaha and Anthony Strnad. Blaha became successively commander for the entire western Moravia, the district commander of the Jihlava river was a major kaňák has. After the declaration of war Poland took place against them the action of the security forces. From September to November 1939 were gradually arrested by the representatives of the group ON around the colonel. Blaha. Autumn bust befell the communist underground. In total, in this first wave of arrests arrested 120 citizens of the jihlava region.
With the help of manage to be an informer in July 1941 managed the brno gestapo in Jihlava arrest of a member of the CPC CENTRAL committee Karl Elznice and forty other of jihlava of the communists, which completely shattered their local organization. In the same period was destroyed and jihlavská an organization and the rest HE. Those who managed to arrest to avoid then from the end of 1943, involved primarily in the resistance movement under the leadership of the group "R-3" (Council of three) and the Movement for freedom. Greater importance should the R 3, which from the end of 1943 had regular contact with London, the slogan "Spring is calling". The code name "Spring" then the group enjoyed in the summer of 1944, when there was a reorganization, the part of the organizations operating on the southwest Moravia bore up to the end of the war, the designation "TAU". In the course of 1944, formed under the command of R 3 other armed groups. In the autumn of 1944 was, however, paralysed by the deaths of several commanders, especially gen. Luži and gen Svatoně. The trebic region is formed between the Falcons an illegal organization "RE-KNOW" (Revolution wins) as the most active part of the armed groups "Horácko", which has its cell, and between the jihlava youth. A group of "Horácko" is more interested of the gestapo and fell even suggestion from the commander of the R. Blumeho for the extermination of the settlements Dukovany as the center of activity "Horácka". Most significantly to the resistance activities of the jihlava county registered organization "Movement for freedom", which was directly in Jihlava, three organized groups, "East" led by the F. Jabůrkem, the other two under the command of col. Kastnera and por. Salek, incurred in the course of the year 1943.
From September 1944, operated in the area of the Highlands four soviet parachute group: "Yermak", "Melnik" (from which later formed the brigade Jan Kozina), the group "Dr. Miroslav Tyrš" and from the last, led by kpt. Fominem, later formed a brigade Jan Hus. Of western incursions on the south-western Moravia, most prominently manifested paravýsadek with the code name "Spelter", which jumped 4. 5. 1944 in the village of Kramolin and created on Moravskobudějovicku strong group called Lenka-JIH, which was joined by gradually over two hundred people. In the area of velké Meziříčí operated a group of "Calcium" which jumped 4.4.1944 in Čejkovice on chrudim areas and established links with a group "R-3". On the basis of the local network konfidentů and information from the arrested commander paraskupiny "Sulphur" Adolf Hajek was in July 1944, the activities of the group of Calcium revealed and in the shootout fell to its commander lieutenant. Jaroslav Pushed Aside. Then the rest of the away team moved to the territory of the Czech republic.
10. 4. 1945 at 23:45, five members of the groups Yermak and As a detonated bomb on the railway bridge at Helenína under the military transport, in vykolejeném train from 2/189. the battalion died 65 German soldiers and 125 were wounded. Locomotive with tender first drove two wagons to the bridge. After the explosion the locomotive overturned, two wagons lay on the levee and partly on the locomotive. The third, fourth and fifth car fell into the river Jihlava, the other wagons out of a total of ten lay převržené on the embankment and the bridge structure. Traffic was interrupted for 14 days, before he built a makeshift wooden bridge.
26. 4. 1945 there was an attack of the group "East", led by F. Jabůrkem, on the jihlava radio station, its strong protection, however, the attack rebounded.
In Jihlava, Czech republic between the austrian members of the Schutzpolizei had formed a group of "Schupo" led by Alois Kowarem, united with the austrian resistance in Vienna, who from this organization in Moravia formed a special Österreichischer Freiheitskämpfer in Moravia. Kowar worked as garážmistr and was well informed about the forthcoming actions against the partisans. Then through the various components of the jihlava resistance warned. The group had available arms and explosives and to provide them outside guerrilla groups to there is a kill action, probably even to action against helenínskému bridge. Between 5.-8. April 1945, however, against them was struck by the gestapo and most of the members were arrested and three of them executed.

the End of the war in Jihlava

At the beginning of may in the city and its surroundings were 1400 soldiers of the German army, police, militia and SS. Through the city passing through the column of German refugees from the east fleeing before the Red army. On the Czech side were in Jihlava armed with fire department leadership Stanislav Uxou, several squads led by col. Jinřichem Vlasák and about 120 members of the communist youth. The German estimates, but to calculate with a force of 6 thousand Czech partisans, which was heavily overrated. In and around the town were built roadblocks of massive logs. To the first negotiation of the Czech leaders and the preparatory national committee site already in April 1945.
5. may commissioned NV the school inspector Josef Dolanského (štb.captain in reserve) negotiating with Oberlandratem Krohmerem, the commander of the Schupo Attenbergen, the commander of the SD Rauschem, the commander of the crew Mittwegem and county supervisor Cimprichem. In the afternoon, then the transfer of the town hall into the hands of NV, followed by the transfer of other offices, the city coffers and agenda (despite the protests of the local NSDAP). In the evening after Jihlava have started to post the czechoslovak flag in Havlíčkův street and the square were gathered about 2 thousands of Czechs.
6. may reunited NV at the hotel Meeting, military command was entrusted to colonel. Henry Vlasák supported mainly guerrilla group of Jan Kozina. The whole day was meeting with German officials. Agreed on the free passage of German troops to the west and the flying of čs. flags. in the evening take the initiative of communist youth, whose leadership ignored calls for a ceasefire on both sides and raided a warehouse of weapons COUNCILS in Jiráskova street, where she got the weapons. Smaller groups of youth also tried to disarm the Hungarian units in the Hruškových yards and Heleníně, however, they were captured by sections of the SS and interned in the building of the county jail.
7. may to further negotiations, but was influenced by news of the bloody suppression of the attempt after the uprising in Trest and incidents in Brtnice and Knezice. In Brno the local managed to disarm one car with a crew, but the other car is forced to give up the booty. The germans here in the valley under machine guns herded four hundred people and threatened them by firing squad. The primitive tank obstacle in Knezice fell three people. Shots fired in Arnolci. Třešťská city hall was in the evening, at the time of the meeting, NV, occupied by the SS with 12 armored cars and martial law was declared and executions. In Jihlava, Czech republic in time of martial law as not to repression, probably due to the protection of the German civilian population and extending to the refugees.
8. may, at the insistence of NV, was repealed martial law. The German crew even with the officials withdrew from Jihlava in the west and Jihlavou the day went on the 15 thousand German soldiers, in particular 10. airborne division, 24.tank corps and 6.panzer division from the 1.tank armies and tank corps Feldherrhalle of 8.army. In the course of the day, was soviet bombers bombed the intersection of Znojmo and Brtnické street, it was later bombed another station, where it was destroyed by an ammunition train. The city building took the Revolutionary guard.
9. may is around the fifth o'clock in the morning in Jihlava appeared the first four soviet tanks T34/85 from the assembly 22. guards regiment of the 5.guards tank corps, which belonged to the 6. guards tank army 2. Ukrainian front. Tanks without resistance given up to the square, where it is reported the local people NV about the situation in the city. For the tank corps to join the Russian-speaking former legionnaire Filip Barták and Oldrich Novak. You have offered out the soviet tanks of the shortest path from the center towards the Threshold through Pelhřimov. We both got on the first tank, and led him through the city. Arterial road to Pelhřimov-proofing in the German rear delivered Jagdpanzer IV./L70, which he hid behind the barn at the main cemetery. The soviet tanks approaching the junction attacked the German bulwark. The first shot fired heavily damaged the last tank in the column (shot through the neck especially just before the turret), the tank, however, successfully escaped down the street At the ground where the local people treated the injured tank commander. Jagdpanzer left the shelter and the second shot had destroyed a third tank in the column (the intervention into the engine) and another shot lit the second tank. His driver swung the steering to the left to the building of the morgue of the main cemetery. The crew hastily abandoned the burning tank and jumped through a closed window into the morgue. Quickly she ran to the cemetery, where they hid. At the time, managed to destroy the first tank of the column. The germans then continued their retreat towards Pelhřimov into american captivity. As a result of the fighting fell six tankers and both of the Czech guides. Not long after the destruction of the tanks into the city arrived at services 6. guards motostřelecké brigade, which soon continued on the Doorstep. Morning Jihlavou was 1200 trucks with pawns 24. guards infantry corps, after passing through 7. mechanized corps. Followed by unit 4. guards cavalry corps.
The definite surrender of the Jihlava passed in one hour after lunch, the commander of the 10. airborne division into the hands of lieutenant J. B. Chižinskijského of 152. fighter anti-tank artillery regiment. In the afternoon have arrived to the city, even sections of the NKVD with major Lebedev, advancing in the direction of the Sand, to cut off from Prague receding vlasovce, which then in the region partly captured and partly destroyed. The classic phenomenon of the passage of soviet front-line units was looting and rape, regardless of the nationality of the Czech or German.
10. may in Jihlava is stopped and the minister of national defence, general Ludvik Svoboda, together with the general Boček and the minister of Laušmanem.
21.may to Jihlava coming 3. battalion samopalníků 4. brigade 1. čs. army corps.






Source:
Renata Pisková (ved. the authorial collective) – Jihlava
Zdeněk Jaroš – Soldiers, war and Jihlava in the years 1741 – 1939
George Down – Jihlava under the swastika
Hermes Kennel - Bergersdorf
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URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#407406 Version : 0
Stronghold

The original fortifications of the merged city was palisádové, this happened not long after its inception. 14. century, was built a stone wall. Fortification wall was high 6 m, further parkán with parkánovou the wall and the trench depth of up to 7 m. This was followed by the towers and the gates, of which there were 5 but in the present days is preserved the only gate of the Mother of God, this gate is a preserved part of the walls with a moat and rampart, in other sections there has been field changes. After time of existence of the city fortifications, of course, there were repairs and improvement. So in 15. century were built outposts and fortifications. The swedes again in the years 1645-1647 built bastions. The year 1755 occurred the abolition of the fortress. And in 1. half began with the demolition of the gates and part of the fortifications. Yet they are preserved relatively large sections of the walls.


Sources:
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihlava.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#520285 Version : 0
[b:him]the Gate of the Mother of God

The only one of the five gates which has been preserved. The time of its formation was laid in the beginning of the 2nd. pol. 13. century. In the course of the 16. century was rebuilt gothic style, and subsequently in the renaissance style, while got a large atticus on top of the tower. In 1853 it was repaired and got an hour, until the year 1862, to her linked complex of the fore-gate of the fortifications, which was totaled. Model gate with part of the fortifications is located in jihlava museum.


Source:
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihlava.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#520286 Version : 0
the Church of st. James the Elder

Originally, here stood the church in the form of a late-romanesque basilica, but before its completion it burned down and was demolished in 1250, then started with the construction of the church of the present. 14. century built the north tower, in 16. century church along with the town burned down, damaged towers have been dismantled and re-built. In 19. century was a puritan of the reconstruction.

Sources:
cs.wikipedia.org.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#520287 Version : 0
Church of the Assumption of Virgin Mary

The church is part of a minorite monastery. Built around the middle of the 13. century in romanesque-gothic style. In 18. century was rebuilt in baroque style.

Sources:
cs.wikipedia.org.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#520288 Version : 0
city Hall

The building of the town hall, which is located on today's Masaryk square. Has been built up, so that was linked a few houses originating from the 13th. century. 16. century was extended in a southerly direction and in the 18. the century was further expanded, including an increase in the floor.

Sources:
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jihlava.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#520289 Version : 0
the Church of st. Ignatius of Loyola with the tracks

Originally a jesuit church built in the years 1683 - 1689 by the Italian architect Jacopo Braschem. To the consecration of the church occurred the year 1740.
Model rendition of the original is located in the jihlava museum.


Sources:
cs.wikipedia.org.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#520290 Version : 0
Jihlavská synagogue

Exposed in 1862-1863 in the romanesque-moorish historical style, which, by the synagogue to significantly distinguish it from the churches. The project worked out Eduard Rathauský and Alexander Theuner. 30. march 1939, the synagogue was burned down by the local nazis. For the organizer is Emanuel Sladek, who was after the war arrested by the Americans, was extradited to Czechoslovakia, extraordinary people's court was sentenced to death, which was executed in 1947. Now on the site of the synagogue a memorial plaque and its foundations are marked. The Model of the synagogue is situated in jihlava museum.

Sources:
http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synagoga_v_Jihlavě
http://www.hrady.cz/index.php?OID=9495.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#520403 Version : 0
The square.
Jihlava - Foto vlastní

Foto vlastní
Jihlava - Foto vlastní

Foto vlastní
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jihlava-t44148#597380 Version : 0
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