Sowrey, Frederick

     
Příjmení:
Surname:
Sowrey Sowrey
Jméno:
Given Name:
Frederick Frederick
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
Frederick Sowrey
Fotografie či obrázek:
Photograph or Picture:
Hodnost:
Rank:
plukovník Group Captain
Akademický či vědecký titul:
Academic or Scientific Title:
bakalář vědBachelor of Science
Šlechtický titul:
Hereditary Title:
- -
Datum, místo narození:
Date and Place of Birth:
25.08.1893 Twigworth, Gloucestershire /
25.08.1893 Twigworth, Gloucestershire /
Datum, místo úmrtí:
Date and Place of Decease:
21.10.1968 Eastbourne /
21.10.1968 Eastbourne /
Nejvýznamnější funkce:
(maximálně tři)
Most Important Appointments:
(up to three)
- velitel letky 37. a 39. (domobranné) perutě RFC
- velitel 8., 41., 100. a 143. perutě RFC/RAF
- velitel RAF Northolt
- flight commander of No. 37 and No. 39 (Home Defence) Squadron RFC
- commander of No. 8, No. 41, No. 100 and No. 143 Squadron RFC/RAF
- commander of RAF Northolt
Jiné významné skutečnosti:
(maximálně tři)
Other Notable Facts:
(up to three)
- anglické letecké eso a ničitel Zeppelinu 1. sv. v. se 13 sestřely [6 zničených (4 sám, 2 sdílel), 6 sražených do neřízeného pádu (3 sám, 3 sdílel) a 1 zničený v plamenech (sám)], z toho 1 Zeppelin [sám (zničen)]
- 24. září 1916 sestřelil jako svůj první sestřel Zeppelin L32, za což byl vyznamenán Řádem za vynikající službu - DSO
- otec leteckého maršála Sira Fredericka Beresforda Sowreye, vysoce postaveného příslušníka RAF
- english flying ace and Zeppelin buster of WW1 with 13 claims [6 destroyed (4 solo, 2 shared), 6 driven out of control (3 solo, 3 shared) and 1 destroyed in flames (solo)], thereof 1 Zeppelin [destroyed (solo)]
- on 24 September 1916 shot down as his first claim Zeppelin L32, for which was awarded by Distinguished Service Order - DSO
- father of air marshal Sir Frederick Beresford Sowrey, high ranking member of RAF
Související články:
Related Articles:

Zdroje:
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Sowrey
www.theaerodrome.com
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Sowrey-Frederick-t145450#662445 Version : 0
     
Příjmení:
Surname:
Sowrey Sowrey
Jméno:
Given Name:
Frederick Frederick
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
Frederick Sowrey
Všeobecné vzdělání:
General Education:
DD.MM.RRRR-DD.MM.RRRR King's College School (Bachelor of Science)
DD.MM.RRRR-DD.MM.RRRR King's College School (Bachelor of Science)
Vojenské vzdělání:
Military Education:
DD.MM.1916-23.04.1916 vojenská škola, Thetford
DD.MM.1916-23.04.1916 military School, Thetford
Důstojnické hodnosti:
Officer Ranks:
31.08.1914 poručík
01.12.1916 kapitán (dočas.)
01.01.1918 major (dočas.)
04.04.1918 nadporučík
01.08.1919 major
01.07.1928 podplukovník
DD.MM.RRRR plukovník
31.08.1914 2nd Lieutenant
01.12.1916 Captain (temp.)
01.01.1918 Major (temp.)
04.04.1918 Lieutenant
01.08.1919 Squadron Leader
01.07.1928 Wing Commander
DD.MM.RRRR Group Captain
Průběh vojenské služby:
Military Career:
31.08.1914-DD.MM.1915 Královští střelci
DD.MM.1915-DD.MM.1915 hospitalizace
DD.12.1915-DD.MM.RRRR Královský letecký sbor
17.06.1916-01.12.1916 39. (domobranná) peruť RFC (pilot)
01.12.1916-DD.12.1916 39. (domobranná) peruť RFC (velitel letky)
DD.12.1916-14.06.1917 37. (domobranná) peruť RFC (velitel letky)
14.06.1917-14.02.1918 19. peruť RFC (velitel letky)
14.02.1918-DD.MM.1919 143. peruť RFC/RAF (velitel)
19.02.1921-10.08.1922 100. peruť RAF (velitel)
05.02.1924-27.10.1924 8. peruť RAF (velitel)
02.02.1926-31.08.1928 41. peruť RAF (velitel)
06.01.1928-15.05.1928 RAF Northolt (velitel)
26.05.1940-DD.MM.RRRR odchod do výslužby
31.08.1914-DD.MM.1915 Royal Fusiliers
DD.MM.1915-DD.MM.1915 hospitalisation
DD.12.1915-DD.MM.RRRR Royal Flying Corps
17.06.1916-01.12.1916 No. 39 (Home Defence) Squadron RFC (pilot)
01.12.1916-DD.12.1916 No. 39 (Home Defence) Squadron RFC (flight commander)
DD.12.1916-14.06.1917 No. 37 (Home Defence) Squadron RFC (flight commander)
14.06.1917-14.02.1918 No. 19 Squadron RFC (flight commander)
14.02.1918-DD.MM.1919 No. 143 Squadron RFC/RAF (commander)
19.02.1921-10.08.1922 No. 100 Squadron RAF (commander)
05.02.1924-27.10.1924 No. 8 Squadron RAF (commander)
02.02.1926-31.08.1928 No. 41 Squadron RAF (commander)
06.01.1928-15.05.1928 RAF Northolt (commander)
26.05.1940-DD.MM.RRRR retired
Vyznamenání:
Awards:
Poznámka:
Note:
- letecký certifikát Královského aeroklubu č. 2838 (23.04.1916) - Royal Aero Club Aviators' Certificates No. 2838 (23.04.1916)
Zdroje:
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Sowrey
www.theaerodrome.com
www.rafweb.org
www.rafweb.org
www.rafweb.org
www.rafweb.org
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Sowrey-Frederick-t145450#662452 Version : 0
Frederick Sowrey was born on 25. 8. 1893 as one of the three sons of John Sowreyho, deputy chief inspector of the irs. Young Frederick went to school, taught at home until thirteen years of age. Then he won a scholarship to King's College School in Wimbledon, where he earned a bachelor's degree and continued to graduate study, which, however, interrupted the outbreak of the first world war.

Sovwrey immediately signed up as a volunteer and 31. August 1914 was included in the rank of Second Lieutenant (ensign) to regiment the Royal fusiliers (Royal Fusiliers). The regiment was deployed in France and Sowrey suffered heavy injuries in the battle of Loos in 1915. After three months in the hospital he was declared unfit for further service with the corps. However, his health status, he ironically allowed to serve in the air force, so he volunteered in December 1915 to the Royal air force (Royal Flying Corps).

Training he graduated in Thetfordu, where the biplane Maurice Farman wrote on 23. April, 1916, a final exam and he was awarded his pilot certificate number 2838. 17. June 1916 he was then Sowrey sent to 39. squadron Home Defence (designed to defend the airspace of the british isles). Squadron was formed 15. 4. 1916, and was responsible for the defense of London. Her armament consisted of aircraft B.E. 2c. The machines were modified to the night prosecution - should zakapotován space of the observer and the front of the pilot was placed a machine gun Lewis for shooting at an upward angle. Night flying was still in its infancy and it was generally a gamble with life, but England was at that time plagued by late-night raids by German airships. The population for the first time experienced a feeling of horrific helplessness, when at them from the dark sky falling bombs and the pilots of the Home Defence should these attacks be stopped.

And truly, in the night of the 2. 3. September 1916, the first such success made colleague Fred Sowreye from 39. squadron Lt. Leefe Robinson, who shot down an airship SL 11. At the end of the same month the Germans were planning another mass raid. In the night from 23. 24. September 1916 from German bases took off 12 airships and headed to the british isles. 8 of these airships were older types, but 4 of the ship (L.30, L.31, L.32, L.33) were the latest zeppelins series r - huge dvousetmetrové the airship's six engines and a load capacity of 32.5 tons of bombs. Two of these airships (L.31 and L.32) should explore new, less bráněnou route over London from the south through Kent and Surrey. As the first over England penetrated L.30, which at 22.40 hrs to fly across the coast. Immediately it was noticed an extensive network of voice, which zburcovaly alarm. The air began to lift fighter aircraft Home Defence. In the cockpit of one of them sat also 2nd Lt. Sowrey.

Sowrey started at 23.30 pm from Suttons Farm in the aeroplane B.E. 2c serial numbers 4112 and started patrolling in their appointed space between the parent airfield and Joyce Green at an altitude of about 4,000 meters. At about 00.45 hrs suddenly noticed an airship to the south of the Thames. It was the "Super-Zeppelin" L.32.

Oberleutnant zur-See (lieutenant commander for the navy) Werner Peterson, commanding officer, L.32, according to the plan approached the kentskému coast together with L.31, but then his ship hit problems with the engines. While L.31 continued into the interior, L.32 remained above the coast, where they slowly circled for about an hour. Finally, at about 23.45 pm, Peterson also headed inland. L.32 was first observed in Tunbridge Wells at 00.10 a.m. about 20 minutes later, L.32 dropped a single incendiary bomb on the Ide Hill near Sevenoaks. However, as Peterson approached the Has reflectors air defense picked up on his ship. To scare the operator's control, Peterson knocked down seven cluster bombs, which, however, only hanging out many windows in the city. Then L.32 managed to hide in the haze to the south of the Thames and the river then flew east from Purfleet at about 01.00 hrs unseen.

North of the Thames, however, the sky cleared and L.32 was again caught by headlights in the Beacon Hills and Belhus Park. As the first began the intruder firing anti-aircraft guns in the Tunnel Farm at 01.03 hrs, then, as soon as L.32 lost a five-cluster and six incendiary bombs on the village of Aveley, has also added a cannon in the Belhus Park. At 01.08 hours, over South Ockendon, Peterson dropped 10 cluster and 19 incendiary bombs, but the damage caused is negligible. At the same time it picked up another five lamps and another battery opened fire. Inevitably, all of these actions have attracted the attention of fighters for Home Defence.

L.32 bright headlights air defense spotted independently three of them. Podporučíci And. Brandon and J.Also. MacKay, both also from 39. the squadron, turned their B.E. 2c to the airship, but as the first to attack got just Sowrey, who diligently looking after the airship, which he briefly hid in a haze.

At 01.10 am, at the moment, when Oblt. Peterson headed home, Sowreyho the plane emerged from the darkness into the glow of the lamps in position under the stern of the airship. Sowrey choke the engine, to compare the speed of the airship and opened fire from his Lewis. A mixture of explosive shots Brock and Pomeroy she was just watering her for the entire length of the bottom side of the body of the airship, but without result. Sowrey emptied an entire drum, Lewis, and began to weapon reload. In that moment was finding himself in the crossfire of machine guns L.32. Undeterred by Sowrey made a couple of turns and returned back under the belly of the airship. Capped off the second drum, but again without success.

Second Lieutenant Brandon, who was approaching to L.32, said in his report that "I could see the cracking of the bullets Brock. It looked as if he was Zepp bathed in a stream of fire." MacKay approached also. Saw Sowreye wipe out his first two drums and, although he was very far away, he shot himself a few shots. Then he saw how Sowrey shoots the third time.

This time Sowrey concentrate your fire into a single place airship and inside the body suddenly began to glow fire. Sowrey probably hit palivou tank, as in the wreck was later one found punctured. The flames quickly spread to several places burned the outer covering of the body of the airship. One eyewitness recalled that "the flames creep along the back of the Zeppelin, when it seemed that lights up section by section... until burned from stem to stern."

The Destruction Of L.32 have observed even some Germans. The signal petty officer Emmerlich, who served on the L. 33 as the operation of the rudder, recalled: "Suddenly it was so clear to us it was uncomfortable. Naturally after the us out of the country immediately began to search everywhere around the šátraly white fingers of the searchlights, picked up the airship and it won't come out. But when they went down there to shoot, not the target of L.33. Aa fire focused on the airship L.32. On board was my friend Mahnke, who had, like me, in charge of the operation of the rudder. I knew that at this moment his mind is probably the same thoughts as me. And just at the moment when I looked at L.32, came out terrible the blue flame, which in the following moments, ruthlessly killed the entire crew of the airship. Burning L.32 from a height of 5000 meters, collapsed to the ground, where from its design left only poloroztavené debris".

The fall, of course, observing the thousands of people down on the ground. One of the witnesses stated that "flames exploded from the sides and from behind and, as the gas bag still fell, dragging behind him a long tongue of flame, which grew increasingly fantastic as the falling monster it gains kinetic energy."

Everywhere broke out great enthusiasm, whose witness on the ground was even Leefe Robinson, the first conqueror of zepelínu over the british territory of three weeks ago: "they Say that it was wonderful how the whole of London cheering - people who have heard how great the thousand-headed crowds cheer for, they say they never heard of before. When Sowrey and Tempest shot down their zeppelins, I had the opportunity to hear something similar, even though they say that it wasn't the same as when I got mine, it was heard twenty, even thirty miles outside London. Strong and then weak, přelévalo from one district of London to the other. Thousands, maybe millions of voices have expressed a thousand feelings. (...) All the sirens, horns, whistles, steam engines, boats on the river, transportation of war material and other activities, all come together and literally filled the air..."

White-hot meat metal finally hit into the ground at Snails Hall Farm in Great Burstead, south of Billericay. The whole crew died. The remains of its members were stored in a nearby barn. Most were horribly burned, some, however, prefer the deadly jump from a height before being burned alive, Oblt. Peterson was among them.

Thousands of people visited the crash site, to my own eyes have seen the end of the hated zepelínu. Their joy was all the greater, that the same night the anti-aircraft artillery, in cooperation with the 2./Lt. Brandon, yeah, also L.33. The after a loss of carrier gas from the perforated gas compartments crash-landed in England, the crew then the ship burned and gave up to captivity.

The next day, after the whole of England based newspaper with huge headlines "Two Zepeliny destroyed!". Similarly, as the Leefe Robinson and Sowrey became the darling of the british public and celebrity. For his performance he was also 2nd Lt. Brandon awarded the the Order for outstanding service. The quote was published 4. October 1916 the London Gazette:

"His Majesty the KING has been graciously pleased to appoint the below-mentioned officers of the knights of the Order for outstanding service, in recognition of their bravery and excellent service in connection with the successful attack on the enemy airship: - 2nd Lt Frederick Sowrey, R. Fus., Attd.
R.F.C. 2nd Lt Alfred de Bath Brandon, M.C.... R.F.C, Spec. Res."


Before the end of the year, he was briefly transferred to the 37. squadron the Home Defence, but in 1917 the RFC suffered huge losses during the so-called "Bloody April". The commander of the RFC, general Trenchard coined due to the attachment of morality to the principle that "at the dinner table not to be empty chairs". Closing these losses, however, could reach deep into the reserves of trained pilots. Also with each expendable pilot, Home Defence is therefore envisaged for deployment in France. Sowrey was therefore 14. 6. 1917 transferred to France to 19. squadron the RFC as the commander of one of its squadrons. This squadron was one of two british fighter units, which have been in service with the French fighter SPAD.

Sowrey was a valid addition, because three days after his arrival, shot down Albatros D.III. The success continued and 17. August reached its fifth victory with new units (, and the sixth overall, even with the destruction of L.32) and thus became the first ace of the squadron. By mid-October then increased the number of kills on thats actually pretty boring on the 12th and was awarded the Military Cross. The citation was published in the London Gazette 6. April 1918:

"For the obvious bravery and devotion to duty in shooting down in less than two months the two fighter Albatross, a two-digit Rumpleru and fighter the Fokker, and in two engagements flying very low he attacked and scattered the enemy infantry."

Sowrey then was withdrawn back to England, where he was given command of the newly formed 143. squadron the Home Defence armed with machine Sopwith Camel. Squadron became operational in February 1918. Sowrey in the function of the unit commander remained
up to the end of the war. After its completion it was the year 1919 for the war merit awarded also Air Force Cross.

Sowrey remained in the RAF for a long time. 20. years he commanded the 100. squadron in Ireland, later 8. squadron in Iraq and 41. squadron in By in England. Reached the rank of Group Captain and from active service he retired in may 1940. Frederick Sowrey lived in Eastbourne in Sussex, where in 1969 he died.

His son, Frederick Bereford Sowrey KCB, CBE, AFC, went in his father's footsteps, reached the RAF rank of Air-Vice Marshall, he was also the president of Cross & Cocade International (magazine about aviation in the time of 1. world war) and a zealous organizer of the research of aviation history in 1. world war.

Sources:

Jon Guttman: SPAD VII Aces of World War 1, Osprey Publishing, Oxford 2001, ISBN 1 84176 222 9
Ch. Shores, N. Franks, R. Guest: Above the Trenches, Grub Street, London 1990, ISBN 0-948817-19-4
Ian Castle, London 1914-17 - The Zeppelin Menace, Osprey Publishing, Oxford 2008, ISBN 978 184603 245 5
www.theaerodrome.com
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Sowrey
www.rafhornchurch.thehumanjourney.net
.
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Table kills F. Sowreye:



Ord. no DateTime / PlaceOwn plane / UnitOpponentClassification / Note
124. 9. 191601.10 / BillericayB.E. 2c (4112) / 39. sqn.Zeppelin L.32Destroyed
217. 6. 191718.45 / Southeast of Houthoulstského forestFALLOUT (B1660) / 19. sqn.Albatros D.IIIDestroyed
313. 7. 191713.38-15.15 / -SPAD XIII (B3479) / 19. sqn.two-seater machineKnocked down to a disorderly fall of the
420. 7. 191706.25 / Housthoulstský forestFALLOUT (B3616) / 19. sqn.two-seater machineKnocked down to a disorderly fall of the / in cooperation
521. 7. 191719.30 / northeast of YpresSPAD XIII(B3479) / 19. sqn.Albatros D.IIIKnocked down to a disorderly fall of the
617. 8. 191706.30 / west of RoulersFALLOUT (B3620 / 19. sqn.Albatros D.IIIDestroyed
720. 8. 191706.25 / Southeast of Houthoulstského forestFALLOUT (B3616) / 19. sqn.Albatros CKnocked down to a disorderly fall of the / in cooperation
811. 9. 191713.20 / east of QuesnoyFALLOUT (B3616) / 19. sqn.Rumpler CDestroyed / in cooperation
920. 9. 191718.20 / North of MeninFALLOUT (B3520) / 19. sqn.Albatros D.In theKnocked down to a disorderly fall of the
1030. 9. 191709.00 / GheluweFALLOUT (A6777) / 19. sqn.Albatros CKnocked down to a disorderly fall of the / in cooperation
117. 10. 191710.05 / east of GheluweFALLOUT (A6777) / 19. sqn.Fokker D.In theDestroyed
129. 10. 191710.40 / Moorslede - PasschendaeleFALLOUT (A6667) / 19. sqn.Albatros CKnocked down to a disorderly fall of the / in cooperation
1315. 10. 191716.45 / Northeast of MoorsledeFALLOUT (A6709) / 19. sqn.Albatros CDestroyed in the flames
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