DD - Hacuharu

upravil : FiBe

Class Hacuharu[/heading]

Class Hacuharu (初春型 / はつはるがた / Hacuharu-gata) consisted of a total of six destroyers of the first class (一等駆逐艦 / いっとううちくかん / my desire-kučikukan) of the imperial japanese navy, which were built in two series in the years 1931 to 1935. The Design was based on the previous "special destroyer" class of Fubuki. The fundamental difference between the two classes were on the side of the Hacuharu smaller size, less displacement and a weaker hlavňová armament. Class Hacuharu was armed with only five instead of six 12,7 cm L/50 cannon type 3. A further reduction is concerned the torpedo loadout of the original nine 610 mm torpedo tubes for six 610 mm and its cause were problems with the overall stability of the vessel.
During the pacific campaign were lost in combat operations of all six units of this class. The aircraft sank with bombs and torpedoes, four of them, one was sunk due to the torpedo attack underwater boat and one has become the victim of mines and trip wires.

origin and development

With the advent of the special-class destroyers Fubuki received the imperial navy the first-class and reliable destroyers, armed with fearsome 610mm torpedoes with oxygen-propelled, and reaching speeds of 42 knots, which did not have at the beginning of the thirties of the twentieth century on the world's seas competition. 15. October 1927 was, after the failure of the geneva disarmament conference, established a commission for the study of weapons limits (軍備制限研究委員会 / ぐんびせいげんけんきゅういいんかい / gunbi-seigen-kenkjú-iinkai), whose task was to assess the possibility of limited armaments of the imperial navy. The president of the commission Nomura Kičisaburó submitted on 19. September 1928, the representatives of the secretary of the navy Ósumi Mineo the report, on the basis of which the plan was approved the construction of 112 "auxiliary vessels", which the Japanese elegantly bypass the category restriction of the Washington conference. The plan provided that between the years 1930 up to 1936 will be built 48 destroyers and 16 first class. The total costs were estimated at 876 997 300 yen. 28. in march 1931, after the london conference, which was imposed constraints on the construction of destroyers, approved by the imperial assembly at its 59th. session 1. refill program (第一次補充計画 / だいいちじほじゅうけいかく / dai-ichi–ji-hodžú-keikaku), which was approved the construction of twelve destroyers of a new class of Hacuharu. According to the project F-45 was finally completed a total of six units. The remaining six planned units was přeřazeno in the project F-45D and thus, a new class of improved-class destroyers Širacuju.
Project F-45 was prepared by a team of marine engineer, naval captain Fudžimoto Kiku.
Class vessels Hacuharu, should carry nearly the same armament as the previous Fubuki, but count with much smaller dimension and a displacement of ships (1 400 t). This of course brought pitfalls in the sense of the overload of bodies, a little stability and fragile construction of the hull. Given the above, it was only the first two vessels, Hacuharu and Nenohi, completed in its original configuration, with a massive front superstructure, a covered bridge, with jednohlavňovým 12.7 cm cannon in position on the bow and with three trojhlavňovými tubes.

Drive

Propulsion of vessels was ensured by two sets of steam turbines Kampon, with each assembly consisted of one high pressure and one low pressure turbine, which are driven via a gearbox to one shaft. Each assembly was equipped with a turbine for cruise travel at a speed that was through a gearbox connected to the high pressure turbine. Each assembly had the power 15445,5 kW at 400 revolutions of the propeller per minute. The engine room was 18,85 meters long and wide, 9.5 meters with a height of 5.6 metres. Unlike the previous type Fubuki, not between the two assemblies watertight bulkhead. The vessel Hacuharu were the first japanese destroyers, using superheated steam, which generated three boilers Ro-as go Kampon shik with preheaters and air preheaters steam.
The products of combustion from the front of the two boilers were discharged through the front with massive chimney and rear chimney did only the exhaust gases from the third to the rear of the boiler. Turbogenerator with a capacity of 100 kW provided together with two diesel-generators of 40 kW, a sufficient supply of electric energy.

Armament

The vessel had four 12,7 cm L/50 guns in there type 3 located at the bow and stern in two dvouhlavňových the towers of the model B to the second modification. The fifth cannon was placed on the bow in jednohlavňové tower model And. One tube type 90 model 2 was located on the platform between the stacks and was vyosen on the port side due to the location of the stack of reserve torpedoes on the port side just behind the torpédometem. The second tube was placed on a board behind the rear chimney and the third was on the back of the superstructure above and behind the second torpédometem with vyosením to the right.

Modification to ensure the stability

During the tests, the first two produced the vessels, showed a significant instability of the hull, which led to the first edit on Hacuharu and Nenohi, which consisted in the extension of the hull to the design waterline 0.3 m and the addition of aneurysms. Virtually the same adjustment was made also to Hacušimo and Wakaba during their construction. In the design of Ariake and Júgure was the torso extended already by 0.6 m, as it allowed the early stage of their construction. A later modification consisted in the removal of the rear torpedo tube, his stack of reserve torpedoes and shortening the rear of the superstructure. It was further moved, one double-barrelled 127 mm turret on the stern was lightened by the main superstructure and remains the installation of about 70 tons of ballast. Ariake and Júgure should be equipped with a double balanced rudder from which the designers promised to reduce tilt when you change the direction of navigation. However, the tests showed that this leads to a loss of speed and installation of double-balanced rudder was considered on the unnecessary. Therefore, there was an exchange at the helm of the simple, thus increasing speed of vessels on one node.

Other adjustments

After the entry of the ships into service in the range of from 30. September 1933 to 30. in march 1935 there was a further addition of ballast and some of the welded joints were replaced by riveted which led to a reduction of the maximum speed.
Other adjustments are mainly related to the anti-aircraft armament and the installation of radars (in the surviving units). Gradually led to the dismantling of 40mm rychlopalných cannon and their replacement with a greater number of 25mm type 96. In 1944 the unit Hacuharu carry a total of thirteen 25 mm anti-aircraft automatic cannon type 96. Hacušimo carried in 1945 21x 25 mm cannon and four 13 mm heavy machine guns, type 93.

To install the radars occurred in přežívajích units in 1944. The vessel then bore foot surveillance radar 13 as go for tracking airborne targets and one-inch surveillance radar 22 as go against air and surface warfare objectives.

source:
www.warshipsww2.eu
cs.wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
https://www.combinedfleet.com/hatsuh_c.htm
www.globalsecurity.org
https://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0425.htm

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