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A prussian aristocrat Gerd von Rundstedt is rightly considered one of the most important German generals. During the second world war he held thanks to his extraordinary skills a high command function despite advanced age and the ostentatious lack of interest in politics and national socialism.
Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt was born on 12. December 1875 in Ascherlebenu in the prussian aristocratic family with a long military tradition. As the son of a major general of the prussian royal army was destined for a military career and at the age of fifteen he joined the cadet school. 22. march 1892 commenced in the rank of ensign military service in the infantry regiment in Kassel and after transfer to the War school in Hannover he was 17. June 1893 promoted to lieutenant. After ten years of service in the corps in the functions of adjutant to the battalion commander and the regiment was sent to study at the Prussian war academy in Berlin. After its successful completion in 1907 he was transferred to the general staff. Shortly after the outbreak of the 1. world war ii was von Rundstedt, chief of staff 22. backup infantry division, promoted to major and in that rank he held throughout the war higher a staff function on the western and the eastern front (after the chief of staff of the XV. corps), he served in the German military mission in the Ottoman empire. He was nominated for the award of the order of Pour le Merite, however, this could not be approved because of the abdication of the kaiser of William II.
After the war he worked in Reichswehru - from may 1920 he held the rank of lieutenant colonel the function of the chief of staff of the 3. cavalry division, and in 1923 he was promoted to colonel. From may 1925 he commanded the 18. infantry regiment, and in 1927 he was promoted to first general's rank. Von Rundstedt further climbing up the service ladder, and he commanded the 3. division Reichswehru, Military region III, and since 1932, then the Group command 1 in the rank of general of infantry.
With the policy of the incoming national socialist regime von Rundstedt do not sympathize, but as a military professional, he supported Hitler's efforts to build a strong army, especially after the dictator assured the top brass that he will not interfere in internal military affairs. In 1934, when general Kurt Freiherr von Hammerstein-Equord he resigned as chief of the general staff, Hitler wanted to appoint as his successor general Walther von Reichenau. Von Rundstedt stepped out along with several other high officers against his appointment, with justification, that too openly supports nazism. Hitler backed down and appointed instead of him a general Werner von Fritsche. When was von Fritsch in 1938, forced to resign, Rundstedt again blocked the Reichenauovo the appointment and supported the general Walther von Brauchitsche. During the sudeten crisis in 1938 von Rundstedt made no secret of the opinion, that Germany is not yet ready for war. After the occupation of the Sudetenland on his own request, he retired to 31. October in the rank was to hold the backups.
Von Rundstedt have retired a long time did not use. In April 1939 he was reactivated and appointed chief of the "work of staff of von Rundstedt" that formed the basis of the future army Group South for the planned invasion of Poland from Slovakia and Silesia. 23. August 1939 was extended von Rundstedtův crew (now renamed the 12. army) transferred into the Nisa river in the Upper Silesia and took over 25. August command of three subordinate armies. For successful command in the Polish campaign von Rundstedt 30. September 1939 awarded the Knight's cross.
After the defeat of Poland was von Rundstedtova army group was renamed on a Group of armies And for the planned western crusade. Later supported Mannsteinovu modification of the plan to attack the Benelux countries and France. During the following offensive penetrated the unit von Rundstedtovy army group through the Ardennes, advanced on the coast of the English channel and encircled the enemy forces in Dunkirk. During the second phase of the campaign in France was an army group reorganized and re-deployed on the Somme. For successful command during the western campaign was von Rundstedt, together with twelve other officers 19. July 1940 promoted to the rank of field marshal. In October 1940 he took over command headquarters West and was supposed to command the planned invasion of the british isles.
After the collapse of the air battle of Britain the invasion was called off and von Rundstedt took command of the army Group South (52 infantry and five panzer divisions) during the initial phase of the eastern campaign in 1941. After initial successes (the encirclement of hundreds of thousands of soviet soldiers at the Few in August and in Kyiv boiler in September), the procedure of his armies slowed due to logistical difficulties and in mid-November has hit the Russian winter. Von Rundstedt got into a sharp dispute with the supreme command - refusing the demands of the next steps and he wanted his army to stop and dig in for the winter. At that time he was not in good health - he was already 65 years and early November he had a mild heart attack. After a sharp exchange of views with Hitler after he disobeyed orders and cleared out before the enemy counter-attack Rostov on Don, was at the end of November, removed from office and released to the backups. The appeal was due to health problems and was then released with all honours, even received a gift in the amount of 250 000 reichsmarks.
In march 1942 he was von Rundstedt once again reactivated and given command of the headquarters West at the same time Group of armies D. His task was compared to the previous period purely defensive preparation for the expected allied invasion of France. After failed in June of 1944 to liquidate the allied beachhead, von Rundstedt lost faith in the military success and proposed a truce. After the open criticism of the German high command in an interview with the chief OKWWilhelm Keitel ("...to end the war, you idiots!) it left Hitler 2. July 1944 to replace field marshal Günthherem von Kluge. The day before 1. July, it scored the oak leaf cluster to the Knight's cross.
Von Rundstedt knew about the preparations for the July plot, but took part in it. After a failed assassination attempt on Hitler, was appointed chairman of the honor court, which ruled out the active participants in the conspiracy from the army.
When she started the western front crumble, and von Kluge committed suicide, he was von Rundstedt appointed 5. September 1944, again to function. Under his command reached the Germans on the western front, the last success, when they defeated Montgomery's operation Market Garden. Soon received orders to carry out an attack in the Ardennes. He didn't believe in the success of the operation and in vain tried to Hitler to persuade the about her appeal. Ardenská offensive finally ended exactly as von Rundstedt assumed.
In march 1945, after the allies captured the bridge at Remagen, he was the field marshal finally dismissed for "defeatism". Shortly before, 18. in February 1945, he received the swords to the Knight's cross.
Day 5. may was captured by members of the american 36. infantry division bavarian Bad Tölz and passed into british captivity. Subsequently, he was accused of war crimes that occurred under his command. During the Nuremberg trial he appeared as a witness. Due to the advanced age and poor health has been convicted and in may 1949 he was released from captivity.
Gerd von Rundstedt died in Hanover on 24. February 1953.
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promotion: Generalfeldmarschall: July 19 1940 Generaloberst: 1.březen 1938 General of the Infantry: October 1, 1932 Lieutenant General: March 1, 1929 Major General: November 1, 1927 Colonel: February 1, 1923 Lieutenant Colonel: October 1, 1920 Major: 28.listopad 1914 Hauptmann: March 24, 1907 Oberleutnant: September 12, 1902 Lieutenant: June 17, 1893
command: Commander-in-Chief-West: September 5 1944 -9..March 1945 Commander-in-Chief-West: March 15 1942 -2 July 1944 commander of the army group Süd: 10.June 1941-1.December 1941 Commander-in-Chief-West: October 1 1940 -10 June 1941? army group commander A: 25.October 1939-1.October 1940? Commander-in-Chief-East: October 1-20 (url=/index.php? C = 31] 1939[/url] Commander of the Süd Army Group: September 1, 1939 - October 1, 1939 Commander of the 18th Infantry Regiment: November 1, 1938-May 1945
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Generalfeldmarschall Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt born: 12.12.1875 in Aschersleben died: 24.2.1953 in bei Celle
honors: Knight's Cross: 30.9. 1939, Generaloberst, velitel skupiny armád Jih Oak branches: 1.7. 1944, Generalfeldmarschall, Commander-West Swords: February 18 1945, Generalfeldmarschall, Commander-West Prussian Crown Order, 4th class Prussian Royal Hohenzollern Family Order, Knight's Cross with swords Prussian Iron Cross, 1st Class (1914) Prussian Iron Cross, 2nd Class (1914) Buckle 1939 to the Prussian Iron Cross, 1st class Buckle 1939 to the Prussian Iron Cross, 2nd class Bavarian Military Order of Merit, 4th Class with crown and swords Saxon Albert Order, Knight-1st Class with swords Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach Family Order for Vigilance or White Falcon, Knight-2nd Class without Swords Schwarzburg Honorary Cross, 3rd Class
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Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt
One of the most experienced officers of the German army, he was born on December 12, 1875 in Aschersleben. During the First World War he served as an officer of the General Staff, fought in France and Turkey. The post-war Reichswehr enabled him to advance his career quickly. However, after criticizing the preparations for the attack on Czechoslovakia in 1938, he was retired as a colonel general. However, he was soon reactivated and in the Polish campaign of 1939 he commanded a group of armies South. In the campaign against France and the Netherlands in 1940, he commanded the army group "A". After the fall of France, he was promoted to field marshal general. In the campaign against the Soviet Union, he commanded a group of armies South, advancing into the interior of Ukraine. However, on December 12, 1941, Hitler removed him from office because he ordered the tactical retreat of his armies near Rostov-on-Don. He returned to service on March 1, 1942 as commander of the armies of the West in France. He was responsible for preparations to repel the expected Allied invasion. After the failure of attempts to push the Allies into the sea, he was recalled on July 2, 1944. He was reactivated in connection with the preparations for the German offensive in the Ardennes in December 1944, which he was to command. He was informed of the preparation of an officer's coup against Hitler in July 1944, but did not take part in it. After the collapse of the conspiracy, he presided over an honorary court, which expelled the conspirators from the army. After the war, Rundstedt was serving a sentence for extending Hitler's order of October 18, 1942, to treat Commandos. On May 5, 1949, he was released due to a serious illness. He died on February 24, 1953 in Hanover.
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