Tačikawa Ki 94-II

Tachikawa Ki-94-II / 立川 キ94II
     
Název:
Name:
Tačikawa Ki 94-II Tachikawa Ki-94-II
Originální název:
Original Name:
キ94 II 试作高高度防空战斗机
Kategorie:
Category:
stíhací letoun fighter aeroplane
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.MM.1945-DD.MM.1945 Tachikawa Airplane Co., Ltd., Tachikawa /
Období výroby:
Production Period:
23.06.1944-DD.08.1945
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
2 (druhý prototyp nebyl dostavěn)
První vzlet:
Maiden Flight:
18.08.1945 (vzlet byl plánován tři dny po kapitulaci)
Osádka:
Crew:
1
Základní charakteristika:
Basic Characteristics:
 
Vzlet a přistání:
Take-off and Landing:
CTOL - konvenční vzlet a přistání CTOL - conventional take-off and landing
Uspořádání křídla:
Arrangement of Wing:
jednoplošník monoplane
Uspořádání letounu:
Aircraft Concept:
klasické conventional
Podvozek:
Undercarriage:
zatahovací retractable
Přistávací zařízení:
Landing Gear:
kola wheels
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Hmotnost prázdného letounu:
Empty Weight:
4690 kg 10340 lb
Vzletová hmotnost:
Take-off Weight:
6449 kg 14218 lb
Maximální vzletová hmotnost:
Maximum Take-off Weight:
6956 kg 15335 lb
Rozpětí:
Wingspan:
14,000 m 45ft 11,2in
Délka:
Length:
12,000 m 39ft 4,5in
Výška:
Height:
4,650 m 15ft 3in
Plocha křídla:
Wing Area:
28,00 m2 301.388 ft2
Plošné zatížení:
Wing Loading:
230,32 kg/m2 47.17 lb/ft2
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Kategorie:
Category:
pístový piston
Počet motorů:
Number of Engines:
1
Typ:
Type:
Nakadžima Ha-219-I Ru (Ha-44-12Ru) vzduchem chlazený osmnáctiválec, přeplňovaný turbokompresorem Hitachi Ru-204, vzletový výkon 1 802 kW (2450 k), 1 728 kW (2 350 k) v h= 1 100 m, 1 618 kW (2 200 k) v h= 4 400 m a 1 500 kW (2 040 k) v h= 11 000 m.
Vrtule čtyřlistá Pe 32 (licence V.D.M.) s konstantními otáčkami o průměru 4 000 mm.
Nakajima Ha-219 Ru (Ha-44-12Ru) eighteen-cylinder air-cooled radial engine was turbocharged with Hitachi Ru-204 rated at 2,416 hp for take-off, 2,318 hp at 3,610 ft, 2,170 hp at 14,435 ft and 2,012 hp at 36,090 ft,
driving a four-blade constant-speed metal propeller of the diameter 13ft 1,47in.
Objem palivových nádrží:
Fuel Tank Capacity:
1 230 l - 1 820 l + 2x 220 l v přídavných nádržích pod křídly. 270.6 to 400.3 UK gallons and 97 UK gallons in a two drop tanks under wings.
Výkony:
Performance:
 
Maximální rychlost:
Maximum Speed:
712 km/h v 12000 m 442.4 mph in 39370 ft
Cestovní rychlost:
Cruise Speed:
440 km/h v 9000 m 273.4 mph in 29528 ft
Rychlost stoupání:
Climb Rate:
? m/s ? ft/min
Čas výstupu na výšku:
Time to Climb to:
5,15 min do 5000 m 5,2 min to 16404 ft
Operační dostup:
Service Ceiling:
14680 m 48163 ft
Dolet:
Range:
2100 km 1304.9 mi
Maximální dolet:
Maximum Range:
? km ? mi
Výzbroj:
Armament:
2x pevný kanón Ho-155-I ráže 30 mm
2x pevný kanón Ho-5 ráže 20 mm
Pumový náklad: 1x 250 - 500 kg puma zavěšená pod trupem.
Two fixed forward-firing 1,181 inchs Ho-155-I cannons and
two fixed forward-firing 0.79 inch Ho-5 cannons all armament in wing-mounted.
External load: one 551~1,102lb bomb under fuselage.
Uživatelské státy:
User States:
- -
Poznámka:
Note:
Výškový stíhací letoun.
Všechný výkony jsou pouze vypočteny.
Čas výstupu na výšku:
17,63 min na 10 000 m
21,05 min na 13 000 m
Letová vytrvalost: 3,33 h


- První prototyp měl čtyřlistou vrtuli, na druhý prototyp již byla instalována vrtule šestilistá, která měla být na sériových strojích.
- Sériová výroba se měla rozeběhnout počátkem roku 1946.
High-altitude interception.
All performances are only calculated.
Climb to 32,800 ft: 17 min 38 sec.
Climb to 42,640 ft: 21 min 03 sec.
Endurance: 3 hours 20 minutes.
- The war's end however stopped the construction of the second prototype and also found the first prototype still being readied for its maiden flight; the Ki-94-II never taking to the air.
- A second prototype intended to be fitted with the six-blade propeller.
- A serial production was scheduled for early 1946.
Zdroje:
Sources:
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, USA, rok 1987, ISBN: 0-87021-313-X
Enzo Angelucci, Paolo Matricardi a Pierluigi Pinto, World War II Combat Aircraft, Whitestar Publisher, rok 2001, ISBN: 8-88095-688-4
Václav Němeček, Vojenská letadla 3. díl, Naše Vojsko, Praha 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
Famous Airplanes of the World, No.24 Army Experimental Fighters, Bunrindo Co-Ltd. Japan, rok 1990
www.geocities.jp
www.aviastar.org
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/fww2/ki94-2.html
archiv autora
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#107995 Version : 0
Photograph, here is a Tachikawa Ki-94-II in the production hall.
Tačikawa Ki 94-II -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#108002 Version : 0

Brief history:[/heading]

The japanese intelligence service has already brought in a 1942 report, in which they mentioned about the upcoming american bomber aeroplane capable of reaching the operating altitude of 10 000 metres. Senior officers 大日本帝国陸軍航空本部 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun Kōkū Hombu (command of the imperial army air force), however, in that time haven't even thought about the need to arm its troops with fighters, these bombers were able to effectively challenge, but already started to realize that there is an assumption that these bombers will in the future be deployed against Japan.

Fortunately, you no longer in the order of several weeks, Rikugun Kōkū Hombu realised that must be his fighter unit, responsible for air defense of the parent islands, arm yourself with really powerful přepadovými fighters. In the imperial army air force, was a fighter aircraft in this category a rather long neglected, on the contrary, preferred was highly skilled-wrestling fighter, lightweight design and very often even with the lack of firepower. Like a classic case of I will give the Nakajimu Ki-43 Hayabusa. Sure, a few fighter Sentai were equipped with the fast and rising Nakajimami Ki-44 Shoki, these, however, did not carry cannon armament and if, as cannon Him-301 was znehodnocem a little muzzle velocity and lack of range. Better on it not even hard jets Kawasaki Ki-45 written to recommend they were again slow and not required altitude and climb rate. Technical officers of the Rikugun Kōkū Hombu, then realised, but above all they managed to have a correct opinion, that a prerequisite for a truly combat operations in such high altitudes it is necessary to use the engine effectively supercharged and preferably turbocharged, or multi-stage and vícerychlostním a mechanical supercharger (that was complicated after the mechanical page, had higher weight and less efficiency). Furthermore, it was necessary to resolve as the crew of fighter aircraft to enable the stay at an altitude above 10 000 m. If this crew to remain in these and higher altitudes a longer period of time, she had to use a pressurized cabin.

In Japan was the development of turbocompressors engines deplorable, the war was in 1942 still too complex and, above all, brewing and consuming device. Running japanese turbo was unreliable, and strongly trouble, impellers tore the influence of the large centrifugal forces and deformations, which themselves generate high exhaust gas temperature, high speed turbine turn, sharply reduce the service life of the bearings. Japanese I'm sure the metallurgists had to find a suitable alloy which can withstand high temperatures and centrifugal forces. And pressurised? There the situation was even worse, everything just had to start to develop, test and validate, and this meant that the japanese engineers still have a very long way to go.

Rikugun Kōkū Hombu approximately in the middle of 1942, commissioned by companies 中島飛行機株式会社 - Nakajima Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Nakajima) and 立川飛行機株式会社 - Tachikawa Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Tachikawa) task, that their design teams have begun to work on projects for the height of a commando fighter, which should according to the requirements of the army air forces to achieve a maximum speed of up to 800 km/h, service ceiling should be up to 15 000 meters and a flight range of more than 1 800 km. Here we must be aware that such requirements were almost unrealistic, but the speed of 800 km/h is on the same edge of the actuator formed by the piston engine and propeller, and the japanese jet engines at that time were completely useless and has not exceeded the stage of the research.

The design team of the company Nakajima elaborated the project of the elevation of the aeroplane Nakajima Ki-87, which was, thanks to its poměné simplicity approved, and was subsequently commissioned the construction of prototypes, otherwise, it was in the company of Tachikawa. The designers of this company actually had any experience in building such machines, a certain advantage was cooperation with the army research institute - 陸軍航空技術研究所 - Rikugun Kōkū Gijutsō Kenkyujō, who resided near the company's Tachikawa. The designers here have suggested dimensional plane with two on-line monitoring mounted engines, the pilot's cabin was between the front and rear engine, the tail surfaces were carried by the two trupovými beams. Technicians in the fall of 1943 they built a wooden mock-up in real size and as per the terms agreed were invited by army technical officers, who were tasked with the project now to evaluate. After a thorough study of the project was the end of the year 1943 stopped. The reason for this was the considerable complexity of the aeroplane, there was the assumption of significant production and material consumption. If he was ordered the construction of a prototype, you could expect technical problems that would cause a disproportionate delay. The company Tachikawa, however, was invited to the second attempt, which has decided to use.

Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun Kōkū Hombu other project allocated in the system Kitai a new number, but marked it as Ki-94-II and the designation of elder, zavrhnutého project retrospectively identified Ki-94-I. A new project featured a classic all-metal low-wing with jednonosníkovým wing with the speed profile of the wing, enabling laminar flow, the drive of the overflow of the airplane should take care of the unfinished osmnáctiválcový engine Nakajima Ha-219 Ru (Ha-44-12Ru), this engine should have been, thanks to the compressor, respectable performances, e.g. at the height of 11 000 m should have been 1 500 kW (2 040). Such a performance should transfer massive šestilistá propeller, the latter, however, was not yet available and so was the first prototype after its completion equipped with propellers four-bladed. The air was turbocharged sucked two entrances on the sides under the cab and after compression was cooled in two mezichladičích. A pressurized cabin was installed in the fuselage above the supercharger, it was duralumin bath with a relatively high cover of the cockpit. Armament was at a decent level – two cannons Him-105 the caliber of 30 mm were supplemented with probably the best army air cannons Him-5 the caliber of 20 mm, the weapons were stored in the middle of the wings. The fuselage tank had a total capacity of 1 820 litres of fuel, but normally should be refueled 1 230 litres, this amount could be supplemented by additional 440 liters of fuel supported in two additional tanks under the wings. These under wing curtains can be hung two bombs, each weighing 250 kg, with regard to the determination of the aeroplane, I think it was more a theoretical possibility. Work on the construction of the two prototypes continued, but often their bombs interrupted the american Superfortressy. At the end of July 1945, the first prototype was completed and the first flight was scheduled on the 18th. August. The japanese surrender came before, and the prototype was destroyed (Japanese?) at the factory airport, the second prototype has already been completed. Because the aircraft has not fly, are the output parameters will only be calculated and the calculated values assume the full power of the engine and mounting šestilisté propeller, flight characteristics, we can only guess.

sources:
René J. Francillon Ph. d., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, USA, 1987, ISBN: 0-87021-313-X
Krzysztof Zalewski, Nakajima Ki-87 and inne myśliwce wysokościowe Cesarskiej Armii Lądowej, "Lotnictwo", nr specjalny 3, Lotnictwo w II Wojnie Swiatowej, 2007, p. 38-47, ISSN 1732-5323.
Vaclav Nemecek, Military aircraft 3. part, Our Troops, Prague 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
Famous Airplanes of the World, Well.24 Army Experimental Fighters, Bunrindo Co-Ltd. Japan, 1990
www.geocities.jp
http://baike.baidu.com/view/4406424.htm
author archive
.

URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#498137 Version : 0

This post has not been translated to English yet. Please use the TRANSLATE button above to see machine translation of this post.

Dvě fotografie motoru Nakajima Ha-219 Ru a plánované šestilisté vrtule
Tačikawa Ki 94-II -


Tačikawa Ki 94-II -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#108969 Version : 0
...
Tačikawa Ki 94-II -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#108971 Version : 0
And here is a kind of photo montage, but I'll give her here, because hopefully help you get an idea how the Ki-94-II looked..
Tačikawa Ki 94-II -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#108005 Version : 0

This post has not been translated to English yet. Please use the TRANSLATE button above to see machine translation of this post.

Studie z http://www.ne.jp/asahi/green/wave/ki94-2.html představuje Ki-91-II za letu
Tačikawa Ki 94-II -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#108970 Version : 0

This post has not been translated to English yet. Please use the TRANSLATE button above to see machine translation of this post.

Trojpohledový náčrtek stíhače Tachikawa Ki-94-II
Tačikawa Ki 94-II -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Tacikawa-Ki-94-II-t30027#108499 Version : 0
Discussion post Fact post
Attachments


Join us

We believe that there are people with different interests and experiences who could contribute their knowledge and ideas. If you love military history and have experience in historical research, writing articles, editing text, moderating, creating images, graphics or videos, or simply have a desire to contribute to our unique system, you can join us and help us create content that will be interesting and beneficial to other readers.

Find out more