Nakadžima Ki 87

Nakajima Ki-87 / 中島 キ87
     
Název:
Name:
Nakadžima Ki-87 Nakajima Ki-87
Originální název:
Original Name:
中島 キ87
Kategorie:
Category:
stíhací letoun fighter aeroplane
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.MM.1945-DD.MM.1945 Nakajima Aircraft Co., Ltd., Ōta /
Období výroby:
Production Period:
DD.07.1942-DD.MM.1945 vydání specifikací - dokončení stavby
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
1 (87.01) dokončen
1 (87.02) rozestavěn
První vzlet:
Maiden Flight:
DD.04.1945
Osádka:
Crew:
1
Základní charakteristika:
Basic Characteristics:
 
Vzlet a přistání:
Take-off and Landing:
CTOL - konvenční vzlet a přistání CTOL - conventional take-off and landing
Uspořádání křídla:
Arrangement of Wing:
jednoplošník monoplane
Uspořádání letounu:
Aircraft Concept:
klasické conventional
Podvozek:
Undercarriage:
zatahovací retractable
Přistávací zařízení:
Landing Gear:
kola wheels
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Hmotnost prázdného letounu:
Empty Weight:
4387 kg 9672 lb
Vzletová hmotnost:
Take-off Weight:
5632 kg 12416 lb
Maximální vzletová hmotnost:
Maximum Take-off Weight:
6102 kg 13453 lb
Rozpětí:
Wingspan:
13,420 m 44ft 0,35in
Délka:
Length:
11,820 m 38ft 9,35in
Výška:
Height:
4,490 m 14ft 8,77in
Plocha křídla:
Wing Area:
26,00 m2 279.86 ft2
Plošné zatížení:
Wing Loading:
216,62 kg/m2 44.37 lb/ft2
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Kategorie:
Category:
pístový piston
Počet motorů:
Number of Engines:
1
Typ:
Type:
Nakadžima Ha-219 Ru (Ha-44-12) vzduchem chlazený dcouhvězdicový osmnáctválec o vzletovém výkonu 1 802 kW (2 450 k), 1 618 kW (2 200 k) v h= 1 500 m; 1 508 kW (2 050 k) v h= 6 000 a 1 361 kW (1 850 k) v h= 10 500 m.
Vrtule čtyřlistá automaticky stavitelná s konstantními otáčkami o průměru 3 900 mm.
Nakajima Ha-219 Ru (Ha-44-12) eighteen-cylinder air-cooled two-row radial and with a turbo-supercharger, rated 2,416 hp for take-off, 2,170 hp at 4,921 ft, 2,022 hp at 19,685 ft, 1,825 hp at 34,450 ft,
driving a four-blade constant-speed propeller of 12ft 9,53in diameter
Objem palivových nádrží:
Fuel Tank Capacity:
1 200 l + 2x 200 nebo 2x 250 l v přídavných nádržích
79 l oleje
264 UK gallons and 88 or 110 UK gallons in two drop tanks
17.4 oil
Výkony:
Performance:
 
Maximální rychlost:
Maximum Speed:
716 km/h v 11000 m 444.9 mph in 36089 ft
Cestovní rychlost:
Cruise Speed:
470 km/h v 10000 m 292 mph in 32808 ft
Rychlost stoupání:
Climb Rate:
11,75 m/s 2313 ft/min
Čas výstupu na výšku:
Time to Climb to:
7,6 min do 6000 m 7,6 min to 19685 ft
Operační dostup:
Service Ceiling:
12855 m 42175 ft
Dolet:
Range:
600 km 372.8 mi
Maximální dolet:
Maximum Range:
860 km 534.4 mi
Výzbroj:
Armament:
2x pevný kanón Ho-155-I ráže 30 mm v křídlech
2x pevný synchronizoaný kanón Ho-5 ráže 20 mm v kořenech křídel
pumová zátěž 1x 250 kg puma pod trupem(výjimečně)
Two fixed forward-firing 1.18 inch Ho-155-I cannons in the outer wing panels and
two fixed forward-firing synchronized 0.79 inch Ho-5 cannons in the wing roots
Bomb load: 1x 550 lb bomb under fuselage
Uživatelské státy:
User States:
- -
Poznámka:
Note:
キ87 试作高高度战斗机 / Nakadžima Ki-87 Experimentální výškový stíhací letoun
- Letová vytrvalost 2 h
- Letové zkoušky nebyly dokončeny, proto jsou výkonové parametry většinou vypočtené
キ87 试作高高度战斗机 / Experimental high-altitude fighter-interceptor
Endurance: 2.0 hours
- Flight tests were not completed, performances are calculated
Zdroje:
Sources:
Famous Airplanes of the World, Army Experimental Fighters, No.24, Bunrindo Co-Ltd., Nakano Koku, Japan
Krzysztof Zalewski, Nakajima Ki-87 i inne myśliwce wysokościowe Cesarskiej Armii Lądowej, Lotnictwo, nr. specjalny 3., 2007, ISSN 1732-5323
Daniel Kovář, Nakajima Ki-87, HPM, 1998, roč. 8, čís. 12, str. 12–13, ISSN 1210-1427
L+K 7/1987, Letadla 39-45
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/fww2/ki87.html
archiv autora
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Nakadzima-Ki-87-t1308#115242 Version : 0
Nakajima Ki-87
- / - / -
キ87试作高高度战斗机 / - / an experimental high-altitude fighter aircraft

History:

Requirements for the development of a new high-altitude fighter jets, marked in the system of marking of army aircraft Kitai as the Ki-87, were formulated technical department 大日本帝国陸軍航空本部 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun Kōkū Hombu (command of the imperial army air forces) already in the summer of 1942. These requirements were forwarded to the two companies, the first was 中島飛行機株式会社 - Nakajima Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Nakajima) and the other company was 立川飛行機株式会社 - Tachikawa Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Tachikawa). With a bit of exaggeration about these requirements you speak of it as a major revolutionary breakthrough, the emphasis was on speed, at high operational altitude, on the big climb and also on a massive armament, maneuverability was secondary. In the Rikugun Kōkū Hombu of such a fighter jet were discussed from the very beginning of the war in the Pacific. About the hyperbole here, I'm talking about, because one of the similar aircraft in japanese army air force already operationally flying, one of them was the interceptor Nakajima Ki-44 Shoki. During the development and construction Shokiho was also taken a back seat to the extreme agility, front-risers and speed, but weapons that weren't effective enough to reliably destroy the flying fortress. In the year 1942 brought the japanese intelligence service information about the european fighter aircraft and also about the development of the american high-altitude bombers, and just about the it was considered as the likely opponents.
Unfortunately, the new requirements Rikugun Kōkū Hombu were at the time unrealistic, for example, the maximum speed of 800 km/hour, range 1 500 - 3 000 km and operating height of 13 - 15 000 m). Rikugun Kōkū Hombu this situation was soon realized and the requirements still in the same year adjusted to a more realistic form.

The company Nakajima presented the army specialists to assess the project of your aeroplane, presented by the project was the work of a design team led by engineer Kinishiro Aokim. Aoki suggested a much simpler overflow fighter, than what suggested the designers in Tachikawě (Ki-94). The shapes of the project company Nakajima showed a certain kinship with the fighter jet Nakajima Ki-84 Hayate, the dimensions of the new machine, however, had to be greater, because for the propulsion of the height of the machine was, with regard to the large operating height, is selected turbocharged turbocharged engine. The technical department of the Rikugun Kōkū Hombu, the project approved and Nakajima so consequently, already in the autumn of 1942 received an order for the construction of a prototype. Competitive project of the Ki-94 was on the contrary, army specialist rejected for excessive complexity and Tachikawa started all over again with a completely new project, designated Ki-94-II (the original, rejected, the project was retroactively converted to Ki-94-I). 9. July 1943 winning Nakajima received the final clarification of the assignment and at the same time has been negotiated the purchase order for the construction of three prototypes and seven pre-series aircraft.

Efforts to meet these requirements, the subsequent problems with engines and long-lasting disagreement between the command of the army air force and the design team regarding the placement of the compressor has finally led to such a large delay, when in 1945, was completed first, and at the same time the only aircraft of the Ki-87, the the end of the war only made five take-offs (the second prototype was under construction, but the end of the war has not been completed).

In early 1945 was, therefore, the aircraft completed, this was an all-metal low-wing, the cockpit was at altitude fighter suits, pressurized, to seal the cabins were used the rubber profiles and the inserts of rubber. A drive unit has been selected, the engine Ha-44-12 Ru (Ha-219 Ru), cooling of the engine was forced, the air was among the cylinders of the engine blown šestnáctilistým fan, the use of forced cooling was necessary, because the engine was very tight kapotován. Just behind the engine was the supercharger, this was a source of frequent trouble. The development of turbo compressors in Japan was not dragged into the acceptable form, and in addition, the Japanese lacked the experience that was necessary for the production of these production-intensive equipment. Other problems during these short tests, caused the chassis, which was very similar to the system Curtiss (correct Boeing) - i.e. the Undercarriage legs are pootočily about 90° and subsequently were retracted backwards into the wings, control chassis was electric. The designers of this method have chosen, probably for a relatively small reliability of japanese hydraulic systems. Weapons should be powerful, in the roots of the wings should be two dvacetimilimetrové cannons Him-5, which were the best barrel guns of the army air forces. These guns firing in sync the propeller. The outside of the chassis should be in each half of the wing installed třicetimilimetrový cannon Ho-155-I. Somewhat unusual and for altitude fighter perhaps wasted was the opportunity to hang under the fuselage bomb weighing 250 kilograms.

The tests were not nearly completed, all of the flights were accompanied by a more or less expected, failure of the compressor and also disorders before being attached to the chassis, the pilots never during these few flights completely not sucking. To eliminate the problems left to the design engineers and technicians time, but also on the basis of these few test flights, one might conclude that the prototype had a solid power potential that he could become an effective high-altitude fighter plane, then a weapon that Japan lacked in the fight against the american , these bombers for more than a year, Japan bombed the and the Ki-87 is not even close to failed to get rid of their "labor" problems.

There was another project version marked Nakajima Ki-87-II, this aircraft should be able to achieve a maximum speed of 740 km/h at an altitude of 11 000 m, mainly due to the engine [url=https://www.valka.cz/topic/view/67563/Ha-217-Ru]Ha-217 Ru
about the output of 3 000 horses. The new version should carry over the engine two more machine guns of 13.2 mm. This version, however, has remained only on the drawing boards of designers..
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Fotografie výškového stíhače Nakajima Ki-87
Nakadžima Ki 87 -


Nakadžima Ki 87 -


Nakadžima Ki 87 -


Nakadžima Ki 87 -


Nakadžima Ki 87 -


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Použité prameny:
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis Maryland, Reprinted 1990, ISBN-0-87021-313-X
William Green, War Planes of the Sekond World War – Fighters, Vol. Three, London Macdonald, sedmé vydání z roku 1973, ISBN: 0-356-01447-9
Famous Airplanes Of The World, Army Experimental Fighters, No.24, Bunrindo Co. Ltd. Nakano, rok 1990
Václav Němeček, Vojenská letadla 3 díl, druhé doplněné vydání, Naše Vojsko, Praha 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
Tadashi Nozawa, Encyclopedia of Japanese Aircraft 1900-1945, Volume 5, Nakajima Aircrafts. Shuppan-Kyodo Publishers, Tokyo, Japan, rok 1983
Illustrated Warplane History, The XPlanes of Imperial Japanese Army & Navy 1924-45, ISBN4-7663-3292-X
Daniel Kovář, Nakajima Ki-87, HPM, 1998, roč. 8, čís. 12, str. 12–13. ISSN 1210-1427.
L+K 7/1987, Letadla 39-45
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/fww2/ki87.html
www.aviastar.org
koapp.narod.ru
http://www.skynet-1.com/aircraft/ki87.html
archiv autora
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Trojpohledový náčrtek
Nakadžima Ki 87 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Nakadzima-Ki-87-t1308#182977 Version : 0
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