Micubiši Ki 83

Mitsubishi Ki-83 / 三菱 キ83试作远距离战斗机
     
Název:
Name:
Micubiši Ki-83 Mitsubihi Ki-83
Originální název:
Original Name:
三菱 キ83
Kategorie:
Category:
stíhací letoun fighter aeroplane
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.10.1944-DD.05.1945 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Nagoya /
Období výroby:
Production Period:
DD.10.1944-DD.05.1945
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
4
První vzlet:
Maiden Flight:
18.11.1944
Osádka:
Crew:
2
Základní charakteristika:
Basic Characteristics:
 
Vzlet a přistání:
Take-off and Landing:
CTOL - konvenční vzlet a přistání CTOL - conventional take-off and landing
Uspořádání křídla:
Arrangement of Wing:
jednoplošník monoplane
Uspořádání letounu:
Aircraft Concept:
klasické conventional
Podvozek:
Undercarriage:
zatahovací retractable
Přistávací zařízení:
Landing Gear:
kola wheels
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Hmotnost prázdného letounu:
Empty Weight:
5980 kg 13184 lb
Vzletová hmotnost:
Take-off Weight:
8795 kg 19390 lb
Maximální vzletová hmotnost:
Maximum Take-off Weight:
9430 kg 20790 lb
Rozpětí:
Wingspan:
15,500 m 50ft 10,24in
Délka:
Length:
12,500 m 41ft 0,12in
Výška:
Height:
4,600 m 15ft 1,09in
Plocha křídla:
Wing Area:
33,71 m2 362.85 ft2
Plošné zatížení:
Wing Loading:
264,0 kg/m2 54.07 lb/ft2
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Kategorie:
Category:
pístový piston
Počet motorů:
Number of Engines:
2
Typ:
Type:
Micubiši Ha-211 Ru (Ha-43-11 Ru) vzduchem chlazený dvouhvězdicový osmnáctiválec, přeplňovaný turbokompresorem, vzletový výkon 1 618 kW (2 200 k), 1 522 kW (2 070 k) při 2 800 ot./min v h= 1 000 m a 1 287 kW (1 750 k) při 2 800 ot./min v h= 10 500 m
Vrtule čtyřlisté (licence VDM) s konstantní rychlostí otáček o průměru 3 500 mm
Mitsubishi Ha-211 Ru (Ha-43-11 Ru), eighteen-cylinder two-row radial, air-cooled, turbo-supercharged engines,
rated 2,169 hp for take-off each, 2,042hp at 3,281 ft at 2,800 rpm, 1,726 hp at 34,449 ft at 2,800 rpm,
drivig a four-blade VDM Type constant-speed propellers of 11ft 5.8in diameter.
Objem palivových nádrží:
Fuel Tank Capacity:
2 400 l v interních nádržích 440 l ve dvou přídavných nádržích pod křídly 528 UK gallons (634 US gallons) in a internal tanks and 97 UK gallons (116.25 US gallons) in two additional tanks under the wings
Výkony:
Performance:
 
Maximální rychlost:
Maximum Speed:
704,5 km/h v 9000 m 437.8 mph in 29528 ft
Cestovní rychlost:
Cruise Speed:
450 km/h v 7900 m 279.6 mph in 25919 ft
Rychlost stoupání:
Climb Rate:
16,67 m/s 3281.5 ft/min
Čas výstupu na výšku:
Time to Climb to:
10,5 min do 10000 m 10,5 min to 32808 ft
Operační dostup:
Service Ceiling:
12660 m 41535 ft
Dolet:
Range:
1953 km 1213.5 mi
Maximální dolet:
Maximum Range:
3500 km 2174.8 mi
Výzbroj:
Armament:
2x pevný kanón Ho-155-I ráže 30 mm (po 80 nábojích)
2x pevný kanón Ho-5 ráže 20 mm (po 160 nábojích)
Pumový náklad: 2x 50 kg protiletadlové pumy Ta-Dan v malé pumovnici.
Two fixed forward-firing 1.18 inch Ho-155-I, 80 rpg and
two fixed forward-firing 0,79 inch Ho-5, 160 rpg, cannon all mounted in the lower forward fuselage section.
Bomb load: could carry two 110lb Ta-Dan bombs in internal bomb bay.
Uživatelské státy:
User States:
Japonsko (armádní letectvo) Japan (Imperial Japanese Army Air Service)
Poznámka:
Note:
キ83试作远距离战斗机 / Shisaku Enkyori Sentoki / Armádní experimentální doprovodný stíhač s dlouhým doletem.


Letová vytrvalost: 4,33 h
キ83试作远距离战斗机 / Shisaku Enkyori Sentoki / Experimental Long-range escort fighter


Endurance: 4.33 hours
Zdroje:
Sources:
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, p.192-194, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, USA, Reprinted 1990, ISBN:0-87021-313-X
Shigeru Nohara, The Xplanes of Imperial Japanese Army & Navy 1924-45 (Illustrated Warplane History 8), p. 71-90, Green Arrow, Japan, 2000, ISBN:4-76633-292-X
William Green, Famous fighters of the Second World War, DoubleDay, druhé vydání, rok 1975, ISBN-13: 978-038512-395-2
William Green a Gordon Swanborough, Japanese Army Fighters, Part 2, Arco Publishing, 1.vydání, rok 1978, ISBN-10: 066804-427-6
* Famous Airplanes of the World, Army Experimental Fighters, No.24, Bunrindo Co-Ltd., Nakano Koku, Japan
Václav Němeček, Vojenská letadla 3 díl, druhé doplněné vydání, Naše Vojsko, Praha 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
L+K 3/1983, Letadla 39-45, Václav Němeček
http://base13.glasnet.ru/aoj/mi/ki83.htm
http://www.samoloty.ow.pl/str070.htm
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/fww2/ki83.html
www.aviastar.org
archiv autora
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Micubisi-Ki-83-t1293#104412 Version : 0

Mitsubishi Ki-83




& # 12461; 83 & # 35797; & # 20316; & # 36828; & # 36317; & # 31163; & # 25112; & # 26007; & # 26426;/Shisaku Enkyori Sentoki/Army experimental long-range experimental fighter.[/B]


History:
Many Japanese aircraft designs from the end of the war were often characterized by a very high technical level. Undoubtedly, such was also a heavy twin-engine long-range high-altitude fighter Mitsubishi Ki-83.


& # 22823; & # 26085; & # 26412; & # 24093; & # 22283; & # 38520; & # 36557; & # 33322; & # 31354; & # 38538; (Dai Nihon tei kuni rikugun k & # 333; k & # 363; -tai) - The Japanese Imperial Air Force was interested in a companion long-range aircraft with this requirement acquainted the aircraft manufacturer in May 1943, it happened using the specifications of technical requirements . These requirements were quite demanding - the maximum speed of 650 km/h, the required radius of action was 1,500 km with a reserve of one hour of flight. The main armament was to be assembled with 20 mm cannons and 7.7 mm machine guns. The company & # 19977; & # 33777; & # 37325; & # 24037; & # 26989; - Mitsubishi J & # 363; k & # 333; gy & # 333; Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter Mitsubishi) and its design team, led by engineer Tomio Kubo, designed a single-engine aircraft Ki-73. In the spirit of specifications, the designers chose a twenty-four-cylinder Ha-203 II engine with cylinders in the shape of the letter H. However, the engine apparently did not exist even in a prototype design, when its development was stopped, similar powerful engine.


However, the command of the Army Air Force (Rikugun K & # 333; k & # 363; Hombu) continued to show interest in a similar aircraft, so Tomio Kubo and his team designed a new but much more realistic project, in this project the drive was solved by two eighteen-engine engines Ha-214Ru. The designation Ru tells us that these were turbocharged engines, such engines have better altitude characteristics than engines supercharged by mechanically driven compressors. These engines were then the most powerful of all that Mitsubishi engineers developed, the project of the new aircraft was marked in army system Kitai as the Ki-83, it was still an accompanying fighter, which should be able to provide altitude coverage to their own bombing unions. At the end of 1943, a full-size wooden model was completed, which was judged by representatives of Rikugun K & # 333; k & # 363; Hombu. The practice was such that if the model was approved, it would be possible to proceed to the construction of prototypes according to the order. At that time, however, the Army Air Force again fundamentally changed its requirements. According to them, the newly required fighter was to attack enemy bombers flying at high altitudes, the Japanese intelligence service provided reports on the development of American high-altitude bombers. The aircraft was to be two-seater, the second member of the crew was the commander of the aircraft, he was also to take care of navigation and radio communications, the Army Air Force also required more powerful equipment consisting of two twenty and two thirty-millimeter cannons. Rikugun K & # 333; k & # 363; Hombu ordered a total of four prototypes, the first was to be completed in this form in the spring of 1944 and serial production was to begin in the middle of the following year. However, a significant delay brought a halt in the development of engines Ha-214, after consultations with the Air Force Command and motorists designers were recommended to use other engines, specifically the type Mitsubishi Ha-211Ru. This engine promised solid performance, low frontal resistance and low weight. The turbocharger was to provide sufficient boost pressure and engine power to reach up to 1,750 horsepower at an altitude of 11,000 meters.Later, flight tests showed that this type of engine is overheating, this overheating was caused by an exaggerated effort to keep the engine as small and compact as possible, the designers failed to eliminate this defect.


The first prototype was completed on October 19, 1944. The aircraft was very elegant and its appearance suggests that it is a powerful machine, remotely showed a certain shape with the previous successful design of Tomio Kuboa - with a fast reconnaissance aircraft Mitsubishi Ki-46 III. On the new machine, however, everything was conceived in a more modern way. All-metal construction, aerodynamically fine cigar fuselage with seats for a two-member crew, the second crew member had a cabin in the fuselage and had a very limited view from there through small windows in the fuselage, crew spaces were very well protected by armor. The crew had at their disposal perfect instrumentation and equipment completely unusual for Japanese conditions - autopilot. The trapezoidal wing with a laminar profile was equipped with automatic slots. Two compact eighteen-cylinder engines, supercharged by two-stage turbochargers, were finely hooded and powered by 3,500 mm diameter four-bladed propellers. Exhaust gases were led from the turbocharger turbine to the end of the slender engine nacelle (this exhaust system showed measurable thrust). The fuel tanks were self-locking and were also equipped with an efficient extinguishing system, a total of 2,400 liters of fuel could be carried in the internal tanks and two disposal tanks with a volume of 220 liters could be hung under the wings. All main armament was concentrated in the lower part of the bow, for two cannons thirty millimeters Ho-155-I was carried a supply of a total of 160 grenades and for a pair of great cannons Ho-5 was carried a total of 320 rounds. It was possible to hang two bombs on the underwing hangers, primarily anti-aircraft bombs Ta-Dan, each weighing 50 kg, but it was also possible to hang fragmentation bombs weighing 250 kg each.


Factory test pilot Hayashi first took off with this prototype on November 18 of the same year. During the factory tests, a speed of 686 km/h was reached at an altitude of 8,000 meters, which was a good result, the actual speed lagged behind the calculation by only 14 km/h. On January 20, the second prototype joined the tests, on March 22 the third and on April 2 the fourth. Factory and later military tests of all four prototypes were accompanied by difficulties, but these were to be expected. The designers did not avoid modern and often unusual solutions, and children's diseases accompany the development of almost all aircraft. Defects and shortcomings were gradually eliminated, some were removed temporarily, but a sophisticated solution was already planned for production. For example, in the first prototype, the designers eliminated the vibration of the rear of the fuselage and the vibration of the tail surfaces using external struts, the horizontal tail surfaces were reinforced with struts that served the purpose, but such a solution on a modern machine seemed quite archaic. A persistent problem was the already mentioned imperfect cooling of engines, but even so, one of the prototypes reached a maximum speed of 704.5 km/h. The test pilots highly praised the great handling and dexterity - at a speed of 644 km/h he was able to turn 360 ° in 31 seconds, the diameter of the turn was 671 meters and the crew had to overcome the 7G overload. On March 9, 1945, a factory pilot Hayashi died during a test flight, watching the engine vibrations at high altitudes on the second prototype (the ends of the propeller blades apparently reached sonic speeds). During this flight, the oxygen supply apparently failed due to freezing, the pilot lost consciousness and fell to the ground. American air raids completely destroyed the third and fourth prototype, the first was damaged only slightly and was subsequently repaired.


Naturally, the Imperial Army Air Force was very interested in the rapid introduction of these powerful and agile assault fighters into serial production, because unions flew to Japan B-29. The interest in this aircraft was also shown by the Naval Air Force, which required the construction of a small verification series at Mitsubishi. However, the Japanese surrender and thus the end of the war ended such plans. In addition to assault fighters, suicide versions were also to enter production. The Allies had no information about the existence of the Mitsubishi Ki-83 and so, unlike the previous project, the Ki-73 was not assigned any Allied code name. Based on the powerful Ki-83, the Japanese also planned to produce reconnaissance Ki-83 Otsú and more modified Ki-95, which were to replace the older strategic reconnaissance aircraft Ki-46 Dinah and heavy fighter Ki-103. However, none of these types has already exceeded the project stage.


After the capitulation of Japan, the Allied Intelligence Commission, whose task was to search for interesting aircraft, found the first prototype intact. The aircraft was given the temporary designation T.2-151 (FE-151) and a series of tests was launched. American test pilots found the prototype to be very interesting and powerful, its very good handling and dexterity was highlighted. During these tests, a top speed of 762 km/h was reached at an altitude of 7,000 m. It is likely that such an increase in power was caused by better quality American fuel.



Sources used:
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, p.192-194, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, USA, Reprinted 1990, ISBN: 0-87021-313-X
Shigeru Nohara, The Xplanes of Imperial Japanese Army & Navy 1924-45 (Illustrated Warplane History 8), pp. 71-90, Green Arrow, Japan, 2000, ISBN: 4-76633-292-X
Famous Airplanes of the World, Army Experimental Fighters, No.24, Bunrindo Co-Ltd., Nakano Koku, Japan
Zalewski Krzysztof, Heavy Thoughts of the Imperial Army of Lada 1943-1945, Air Force, no. special 4, 2008, ISSN 1732-5323.
Václav Němeček, Military Aircraft 3 part, second supplemented edition, Our Army, Prague 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
L + K 3/1983, Aircraft 39-45, Václav Němeček
http://base13.glasnet.ru/aoj/mi/ki83.htm
http://www.samoloty.ow.pl/str070.htm
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/fww2/ki83.html
www.aviastar.org
author's archive
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Micubisi-Ki-83-t1293#104422 Version : 0
I attach a colored side view of the prototype of the Mitsubishi Ki-83, which I sent to the author and our colleague Vladimir Martinický. For it belongs to him my thanks..
Micubiši Ki 83 -


Published with authors permit

URL : https://www.valka.cz/Micubisi-Ki-83-t1293#524153 Version : 0

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Trojpohledový náčrtek Mitsubishi Ki-83
Micubiši Ki 83 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Micubisi-Ki-83-t1293#104428 Version : 0

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Foto Ki-83 v továrním hangáru a během zkoušek v USA
Micubiši Ki 83 -


Micubiši Ki 83 -


Micubiši Ki 83 -


Micubiši Ki 83 -


Micubiši Ki 83 -


Micubiši Ki 83 -


Micubiši Ki 83 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Micubisi-Ki-83-t1293#104427 Version : 0
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