Jokosuka D4Y Suisei [Judy]

Yokosuka D4Y Suisei - přehled verzí

Jokosuka D4Y - version overview


空技廠 D4Y 彗星 - Kūgishō D4Y Suisei - Yokosuka D4Y Kometa


Japanese name: 彗星 - Suisei - Kometa (Flying Girl)


Allied reporting name: "Judy"



DesignationAircraft design - description
Yokosuka D4Y1 13-Shi prototypes Based on the 1938 13-Shi specifications, 5 prototypes are being built, they are inspired by the Heinkel He-118 V4,
but powered by 950hp DB 600G engines, first flight late 1940.
Yokosuka D4Y1-C The lightness of the design was excessive, so the first production aircraft were intended for reconnaissance,
and they met that requirement with a range of an impressive 3,890 km.
Yokosuka D4Y1 11 production from March 1943, bomber version, the 250 kg main bomb was hidden in the bomb bay,
under the wings were 2x 30-60 kg bombs.
Yokosuka D4Y1 KAI 21 subversion of the previous one, airframe modification consisted in strengthening and mounting of grips for ejection from small aircraft carriers.
Yokosuka D4Y2 12 [/col] Aichi Atsuta AE1P 32 engine, mounting a higher weight engine necessitated a larger SOP,
the D4Y2a 12A subversion had a 13.0 mm machine gun in the rear gunnery.
Yokosuka D2Y2-C and
Yokosuka D4Y2-Ca
reconnaissance versions with a range of up to 3,420 km, differing from each other in defensive armament.
Yokosuka D4Y2-S night fighter version, behind the pilot was a Type 99-2 20 mm cannon firing obliquely upwards.
Yokosuka D4Y2-R reconnaissance version for ground bases.
Yokosuka D4Y3 33 twin-star fourteen-cylinder Mitsubishi MK8P Kinsei 62, SOP was again slightly increased, bombs up to 3x 250 kg.
The Yokosuka D4Y3a 33A was a subversion of the previous version, again with a larger calibre moving machine gun
The
Yokosuka D4Y4 43 single-seat suicide version with a bomb weight of 800 kg, had 3 solid-fuel rocket engines mounted,
which the pilot ignited on final descent to gain speed.
Yokosuka D4Y5 54 unmanned prototype with Nakajima NK9B Homare 12 engine, 1x 800 kg bomb, modifications were made
based on combat experience with previous versions, passive crew and tank protection introduced.





Manufacturer Production period Units produced
第一海軍航空技術廠 - Dai-Ichi Kaigun Kōkū Gijutsu-shō at Yokosuka 1940-1941 5 prototypes of 13-Shi
愛知航空機株式会社 - Aichi Kōkūki Kabushiki Kaisha at Eitoku Spring 1942 - 04. 1944 660 D4Y1
04. 1944 - 08. 1944 326 D4Y2
05. 1944 - 02. 1945 536 D4Y3
02. 1945 - 08. 1945 296 D4Y4
第十一海軍航空廠 - Dai-Jūichi Kaigun Kōkū-shō at Hiro 04. 1944 - 07. 1945 215 D4Y1, D4Y2 and D4Y3
Total 2 038 D4Y
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jokosuka-D4Y-Suisei-Judy-t30118#108437 Version : 0

Yokosuka D4Y [/heading]

Specification 13-Shi


Command of the japanese navy air force (海軍航空本部 - Kaigun Kōkū Hombu) in the spring of the year 1938 drew up new specifications of the development plan marked a 13-Shi, in these specifications have been formulated the technical requirements for the new aircraft types that Kaigun Kōkū Hombu after suppliers of aviation equipment in that year required. On the basis of these specifications began the development of these types of aircraft:
- on-board fast reconnaissance aircraft - C4A1
- on-board bomber - D4Y
- a twin-engine heavy fighter - J1M1 and J1N1
- heavy attack aircraft for land base - G5N1
- a large reconnaissance flying boat - H8K
- a small amphibious transport aircraft - L7P1
- training flying boat - H9A1
The fate of these aircraft was considerably different, some steps a required category of aircraft
do not exceed even the drawing boards of designers and remained at the stage of the project (J1M1), any aircraft received only partial implementation, and it was built only as a wooden mock-up (C4A1), or remained at the construction of prototypes (G5N and L7P1), the other received a small serial production (H9A1) and finally, several of these aircraft went into mass production and hit effectively to the future of fighting in the pacific (J1N, H8K and D4Y).

We will devote the last referred - the on-board bomber Yokosuka D4Y. Kaigun Kōkū Hombu in this case, through best practice and commissioned in the specifications of the 13-Shi the development of a new on-board bomber and this at a time when only just begun testing two prototypes of its predecessor – the on-board bomber Aichi D3A1, later known under the name of Val, such a designation assigned by the allied intelligence service. The requirements for the new bomber were at that time quite high:
- the maximum speed should be at least 518 km/ h
- travel speed should be at the level of 425 km/ h
- the range of a mountain lion weighing 250 kg shouldn't be lower than 1 480 km
- no bombing of the cargo should be 2 220 km
- the maximum bomb load was to be one of the puma weighing 500 kg (japanese intelligence at the time brought the information about the reinforced decks of british aircraft carriers)
- hlavňová armament should be composed of three machine guns, one of which had to control the other member of the crew
- the size of the bomber should be smaller than a German dive bomber Heinkel He 118

The last of these requirements was the specification-loaded, on the basis of tests carried out,
that the imperial naval air force has carried out, with purchased the fourth prototype German bomber Heinkel He 118V4. Kaigun Kōkū Hombu was forced often to seek help abroad, and the category of cabin bombers is proof of that. The first on-board bomber (designation of the dive was omitted for confidentiality reasons) the aircraft was Aichi D1A (Susie), the aircraft which was created on the basis of long-term cooperation with the German factory Heinkel Flugzeugwerke AG, the company 愛知時計電機株式会社 - Aichi Tokei Denki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha (hereinafter referred to as Aichi) adjusted for the needs of the japanese navy, the German bomber Heinkel He 50 (for export were marked as He 66) according to the requirements of directive 8-Shi. Already at the time they were compiled specifications 11-Shi on the basis of which arose the Aichi D3A Val was in the company Heinkel in the Rostock dispatched a group of japanese designers and technicians. The leader of this group was an engineer Masaō Yamana, the Japanese are in Heinkelově factory also cursorily acquainted with the prototype of the bomber, the He 118. The aircraft, which looked rather like a jet fighter, created on the basis of the requirements of the RLM in 1935 and was later a rival in the competition for dive bomber for the German Luftwaffe, from which it emerged as the winner of the Junkers Ju 87 Stuka. The reason for the rejection of the aeroplane the He 118 was the lack of debugging prototype and also that Ernst has got his udet the Heinkel was an accident and so, though was the He 118 a more modern, more powerful, and had considerable reserves for further growth performances, so was not adopted. Professor Ernst Heinkel rejected the prototype subsequently tried to offer other potential foreign customers, and just such a candidate was Japan, both its armed forces on the aircraft very interested. Pre-negotiated and a contract for license production. The fourth prototype, with civil registration D-OMOL was disassembled, loaded on a cargo ship Kagu Maru and in 1937 moved to Japan, was here assembled and tested by naval test pilots under the designation of DXHe1 (military pilots have tested its fifth prototype). DXHe1 was during the tests, marine pilots destroyed when it disintegrated his tail, but already during those unfinished tests was found to be too large and heavy for service on the decks of japanese aircraft carriers. So if you have these events to summarize, we find that new requirements have been compiled shortly after the start of factory tests of prototypes Aichi D3A1 and just after the crash test DXHe1. Part of the specification 13-Shi, containing just the technical requirements for on-board bomber was forwarded directly to the Naval aviation arsenal in Jokosuce (海軍航空技術廠 - Kaigun Kōkū Gijutsu-shō) and here was the leadership of the design team commissioned to design engineer Masaō Yamana, who recently returned from Germany.

Project and prototypes


Yamanův design team began work on this project almost immediately, the japanese designers in their work were inspired by the original German design and designed a small středoplošník very curvy shapes. The aircraft was to be powered by the invert fork dvanáctiválcem Aichi AE1A Atsuta 21 (non-licensed production of DB 601 Aa), but in the time of the construction of prototypes were these engines available and so in all the five prototypes had to be installed less powerful German engine Daimler-Benz DB 600 G on the performance of 960 horsepower. The undercarriage was retractable, bringing the wings towards the fuselage, the wing should have a small margin (11 500 mm), so it was about half a meter smaller than he had a fighter Reisen (Zero) the first version. Thanks to its small range, however, may not be equipped with a mechanism for tilting the wings, and this has led to a considerable saving of weight and a small weight has been the goal of designers. After the construction site was a wing rather sophisticated, in addition to the usual wing flaps were equipped with electrically operated aerodynamic breaking shields. Bomb load was to be hung in a closed bomb bay, the highest weight carried by cougars could be up to 500 kg, but it was calculated rather with dvěstěpadesátikilovou mountain lion and below each half of the wing, it was possible to hang up one bomb weighing 30 – 60 kg. Hlavňová armament was according to a specification formed by a pair of synchronized machine guns type 97 caliber 7.7 mm and the second crew member handled the one gun type 1 7.92 mm. A two-man crew sat in oblong glazed cabin, which was a decent view. Unfortunately, there was one major flaw – the absence of passive protection, even spaces for the crew were not protected by armored plates, and fuel tanks not self-locking covers or a system of fire extinguishing. The commission Kaigun Kōkū Hombu project of a new bomber approved almost without reservations and were immediately taken to the construction of prototypes. The first of the prototypes was completed in November 1940 and the fly was the following month. Kaigun Kōkū Hombu put into a new bomber, the great hope and she was trying to be his fastest of the inclusion in the arsenal. Unfortunately, it remained just a wish, it is true that the prototype had a pleasant flight characteristics, but only if he wasn't passed over into a steep descent, then appeared a strong vibration, which led to deformations of the wings or damage to their beams, it was the dive bomber a fairly major glitch. The last of the five prototypes was completed in December 1941, the fault with the too lightweight structures persisted, but this is already prepared in the factory of Aichi in Eitoku pre-series production of twelve aircraft. Kaigun Kōkū Hombu for the new plane we were rushed, issued even guidelines, that was in September 1941 stopped the production of older bombers Aichi D3A1 11, the results of the tests of the new bomber were so bad, that necessitated initially the partial resumption of production is subdued production and from June 1942 was put into production introduced a more powerful version – D3A2 model 22 (Val).

D4Y1-C


Sentinel series aircraft D4Y1 was already in an advanced stage of elaboration, for the drive were prepared engines Aichi AE1A Atsuta 12 capacity of 1 200 horsepower, but there were still glitches with the vibration with consequent damage to the beams. Kaigun Kōkū Hombu is still trying to make the development and construction of the time and so ordered the modification of this small series on-board reconnaissance aircraft. Adjustments were tested on the third and the fourth prototype, the bomb bay was placed additional fuel tank and the wing was newly equipped with a "wet" pylons, this meant that under each half of the wing, it was possible to hang the auxiliary fuel tank volume 330 litres. After the adjustment of the aircraft could not carry bombs, but maintained hlavňová gear, the second member of the crew had to operate the camera K-8 with a lens size of 250 - 500 mm. The first aircraft of these cameras is not yet in. The resulting piece was a fast reconnaissance aircraft with long-range, the faster it was than the then newly introduced Zeros (A6M3) and the range was greater than what should be on the reconnaissance flights sent on-board the torpedo bombers Nakajima B5N2 (Kate). The fights were first deployed in June 1942 on the deck of an aircraft carrier 蒼龍 – Sōryū when they take part in the famous battle of Midway. To carry out exploratory flight took off 4. 6. 1942 only one aircraft with the designation V-201 with crew 飛行兵曹長 - kaigun hikō heisōchō (ensign) Isamu Kondo and 海軍一等兵曹 - kaigun Ittō hikō Heisō (Boatswain's mate 1. class) Masatada Iida, at a distance of 120 nautical miles from own ship to find the enemy's fleet, of this fact sent a radio message and went back to his ship, however, already found in flames, and so they managed to land on the deck of the sister ship, 飛龍 - Hiryū and with that subsequently after the attack, american aircraft sank. The sad reality is that their message about finding the american fleet was never own flotou taken.
Production of a reconnaissance version continued at a slow pace, though it was navy with this version, quite satisfied, was fast enough and the range was at a decent level. Although he wasn't the scale of production large, sometimes started to show interruptions in the supply of engines Atsuta.

D4Y1 11


Kaigun Kōkū Hombu, however, was not with the situation at all satisfied and so put pressure on the engineers at Aichi, who strenuously worked together designers from jokosuckého arsenal on the amplification of the construction beams of the wings and their connection with the hull. This cooperation brought the desired outcome, and in march 1943 was after the performed tests in the arsenal of the maritime air force accepted "maritime on-board bomber model 11". Creature with the bomber from a reconnaissance aircraft was not different, only reconnaissance aircraft were not equipped with breaking shields and have a somewhat different shape of the windshield label to the cockpit. Production of both versions was concurrent with the fact that potřebnějších bombers were produced many times more. Initially has been ramping up production very gradual and so it was the end of the year delivered only 76 aircraft Suisei (japanese for comet - it), such was the fighting name of this type. At the beginning of the production run already to the fullest and so in the spring of 1944, was delivered more than 600 aircraft versions of the D4Y1, D4Y1 Kai, and the D4Y1-C. At that time in the production of aircraft Suisei involved also 第十一海軍航空廠 - Dai-Jūichi Kaigun Kōkū-shō (11th. Naval air arsenal) in the town of Hiro. I'll come back to that version of the D4Y1 Kai, this variant arose in the late spring of 1944, was equipped with reinforced hinges for katapultovaný take off from small aircraft carriers class Junyō. Bombers Suisei intervened in the fighting in the summer of 1944, at a time when the Americans launched an offensive in the Philippine sea. The americans at that time were on your side of the quantitative and qualitative superiority not only in technology, but also in the level of training of pilots and pilots Hellcatů so the japanese air force literally destroyed. vice Admiral Marc Andrew Mitscher, the commander of the TF58, in a communiqué quoted tapped and widely used term "the Great Marianas Turkey Shot" (Turkey Shot was a shooting contest, during which he was blown to the wooden pin tied turkey - approx. author). The japanese air force, including new and fast bombers Suisei, suffered a large, almost fatal loss. In the case of aeroplanes Suisei fully reflected in their design deficiency - the omission of the passive protection, also the liquid cooling system of the engine Atsuta proved to be vulnerable, which is Kaigun Kōkū Hombu feared earlier. Allied intelligence service assigned to this rapid and skilful machine code name Judy.

D4Y2 12 and D4Y2 22


In October 1944 he was into the equipment included aircraft Suisei powered by a more powerful engine Aichi AE1P Atsuta 32, this version of the engine had a power of 1 400 horsepower. The engine providing higher performance, but had higher fuel consumption, therefore, was by adding additional tanks, increased fuel supply, unfortunately, designers are still not addressing their protection. Aircraft Suisei from this version was introduced two ordnance department variants, D4Y2 model 12 had the usual armament – two fixed machine guns above the engine of the type 97 and the navigator had a moving machine gun type 1 7.92 mm variant of the D4Y2c model 12C was more effective pohyJblivý machine gun type 2 caliber 13.0 mm (not to be confused with the reconnaissance version of the D4Y2-C). These two ordnance department variants should also aeroplanes Suisei designed for operation on board of small aircraft carriers, the indication was D4Y2 model 22 and D4Y2c model 22C.

D4Y2-C


A more powerful engine was also equipped with a not very large version of the reconnaissance aircraft, with its design similar to the older D4Y1-C, i.e., that in the bomb bay had an additional fuel tank and under the wings it was possible to hang up two more třistatřicetilitrové additional tanks. Also here are introduced two ordnance department variants, the variant with třináctimilimetrovým machine gun type 2 has been identified as the D4Y2-Ca model 12C.

D4Y2-S


Japan is from the year 1944 became the frequent targets of night raids of bombers Boeing B-29 Superfortress and the Japanese were looking for a way and means of how dive-bombing associations of these bombers subvert and to protect japanese cities and industry. In this direction was very active 海軍大佐 - Kaigun Daisa (naval captain) Yasuno Kozono commander 302. Kōkūtai, unit, specializing in night fighting, the captain Kozono tried for this task to modify and test multiple types of aircraft and so it is not surprising that his unit flew also several modified aircraft D4Y2-S. Adjustment arose in the arsenal in Hiru, the night fighter was a single-seater and into a relaxed cabin of the navigator was installed one gun Type 99-2 the caliber of 20 mm. You could say that it was the equivalent of the German "Schräge Music". Cannon firing obliquely upwards at an angle of 30° from the longitudinal axis of the airplane and it was for him at the drum tray carried by a vocabulary of one hundred rounds of ammunition. For the focus of this weapons was over the head of the pilot second sight. The aircraft was stripped of the bomb pylons and the landing of the hook, because he had to operate exclusively from land bases. Slightly increased was SOP. It is not known how many operational flights this type of night fighters performed and definitely not, whether it was with her help, achieved a victory. However, it is clear that the night fighter Suisei were operationally deployed against the B-29, but degrade is a small climb rate, their maximum speed, not to allow the execution of more than one assault. The main drawback however was the lack of radar equipment or some sort of device to facilitate guiding the night fighters to enemy aircraft. Into the form of night fighters was governed by a small number of aircraft.

D4Y2-R 12


Some sources mention the existence of the reconnaissance version for the land base, this version was built in small quantities, however, because it was not on-board the aircraft, was marked with the additional letter R (version machine gun caliber 13.0 mm has been marked as D4Y2-Ra). The aircraft were fitted with camera K8 and have been deployed in the battle for the Philippines, the operating losses of these aircraft were for units made more modern and more powerful aircraft, the type of Nakajima C6N1 Saiun (Myrt). Most of the authors of this version does not even mention.

D4Y2 13


In this case, it was only a single prototype, when it was in the modified aircraft Suisei experimentally mounted engine Aichi AE1T Atsuta, which was effectively přeplňován engines and thanks to this, the maximum power increased up to 1 700 horsepower.

D4Y3 33


The navy, however, with vidlicovými engines Atsuta was not satisfied, we must remember that the aircraft Suisei were actually the only aircraft that were powered by liquid-cooled engines (special attack aircraft M6A1 of seiran we can for the small amount of disregard, and in addition, there was no aircraft on-board). The engine had caused trouble in the maintenance of the mechanics on the decks of the ships, the pilots complained about the fact that he was not completely reliable and the cooling system was more vulnerable than it was for engines with air cooling, even their supplies had not been completely smooth and sufficient. Kaigun Kōkū Hombu therefore expressed the wish that it designers replaced by another type of engine. Wish was quickly answered and so at the beginning of the year 1944 has been chosen by a proven air-cooled čtrnáctiválec Mitsubishi MK8P Kinsei 62, this type of engine was particularly suited for its small diameter and version MK8P had sufficient power 1 560 to. In may 1944 it was approached to the implementation of the project, the circular engine cover was přisazen toward ovoid fuselage and the air intake opening, the supply air to the compressor elegantly created the needed transition between the oval hull and engine cover. The performance of the new engine was able to keep the performances of the aircraft at the same level, what amounted with a more aerodynamic Atsutou. One vice after all appeared, the larger the diameter of the engine worsened the view of the pilot when taxiing and during landing, it is very annoying especially on the deck of an aircraft carrier, but it is a fact that Japan has already lost most of their ships came and the new aircraft Suisei so operated primarily from land bases. New aircraft into production got in July 1944, some time was produced in parallel with the previous versions, but since September is manufactured only a new version with dvouhvězdicovým engine. The production once again supplied the two ordnance department variants D4Y3 33 and D4Y3a 33A and month it was made around one hundred aircraft (106 machines were produced in December 1944). Reconnaissance or fighter machine with this engine did not produce, reconnaissance tasks to fully assume great Saiuny (Myrt). In addition to the new engine were introduced other changes, increased vertical tail area and increased the bomb load, newly was possible under the wing hang two dvěstěpadesátikilové cougars and so these aircraft could carry up to 750 kg of bombs, to reduce the capacity of the fuel tanks. Later production came aeroplanes, which for pumovnicí be curtains for three auxiliary rocket engines on solid fuel, these engines bear an indication of the Type 4 model 20, each engine developed for 8 - 10 seconds the thrust of 800 kp, were used to facilitate the take-off of the decks of the small carriers.

D4Y4 43


This version was the last produced version of the bomber Suisei, it was a very challenging adjustment to the previous version. Deliveries began in February 1945 and probably was delivered 296 of these aircraft, the last five were made in August of the last year of the war. It was a special bomber plane, the word special in this case would mean suicide. Adjusted was the cabin, crew formed only a pilot and so the cabin was single, he was finally installed the front plate of bulletproof glass, in the rear part of the cabin was the glazing replaced by sheet metal. Behind the seat pilot was suspended steel plate thick 7 mm. Amplified was also the chassis to nezbortil under the higher mass of the aeroplane. Also fuel tank is finally all received protection and their capacity was increased to 1 345 liters of fuel. A substantial adjustment through the bomb bay, that already had a murphy fork, puma is hung up in the bomb bay "hardcoded", has increased her weight, bomber now carried osmisetkilogramovou mountain lion, which slightly stood out from the outline of the bomb bay. For pumovnicí were again three rocket engines, Type 4 model 20, you however, now have served to accelerate the flight of the bomber before they hit the target. Most of these aircraft had their sad fate and was deployed to the suicide bombing.

D4Y5 54


Kaigun Kōkū Hombu yet in 1944 it was believed that he will be able to restore a strong flotu modern aircraft carriers, should it be, for example, Shinanō (信濃), Taihō (大鳳), Unryū (雲龍), Amagi (天城), Katsuragi (葛城), Kasagi (笠置) or Asō (阿蘇), for these ships would need powerful machines and so, the requirement for new and mainly a more powerful version of the on-board bomber Suisei. The designers of 11. The maritime arsenal took advantage of the experience of the previous operational deployment and the new on-board bomber so finally got the armor protection of the cabin, also the fuel tank has already been self-locking. The performance of the airplane should ensure osmnáctiválcový engine Nakajima NK9C Homar 12 about the performance of the 1 825 horses. The prototype at the time of surrender was still unfinished and in the production should come at the end of the year 1945. Ships listed at the time of the surrender of the sunken or an unfinished.

What was the dive bomber Suisei

.
It was of all-metal středoplošník very curvy shapes and small dimensions. The engineers managed to build a fast and maneuverable aircraft, which was carrying the same fuel as its larger predecessor D3A (Val) and because in its reconnaissance version was also very solid range. Bomb load was normally 370 kilograms if it was to the bomb bay hung puma weighing 500 kg, was not possible on under-wing pylons no longer hang up or the bombs of smaller calibre, let alone tanks. The introduction of the version of the D4Y3 model 33, it was possible to increase the weight of bombs up to 750 kg (3x 250 kg). The aircraft was initially dealt with serious strength problems, which managed to remove it, but the plane is so late. This delay was for this aircraft fatal, the bomber version could be deployed to at a time when Americans have gained superiority in the air. If the Japanese managed to Suisei deploy even before the arrival of Hellcatů, could celebrate considerable achievements, but this brings us into the area of "what if...". The first version of the Suisei were driven by invert fork lift engine, which was not too popular and was the subject of many comments from pilots, mechanics and command of the air force. The introduction of the model 33 was the replacement of a reliable air-cooled čtrnáctiválcem, this version has undergone much more popular. All versions, however, have a common and very serious flaw – they have no passive protection. Half-inch scale Brownings us fighters this plane is slightly prostřelily, to rend and zapalovaly. This deficiency began to be addressed late, the suicidal version of the Suisei model 43. It happened up on the basis of the requirement Kaigun Kōkū Hombu, which found that Suisei previous versions of their suicidal actions, despite its considerable speed, most don't even get to close to the allied ships and were shot down yet in a safe distance from their targets. Definitely however, you cannot say that suicide attacks are passed with the effect of, a sad testament to have been heavily damaged and even sunk allied ships, and also many of the killed and wounded sailors on their decks.

Operational deployment


My unsuccessful combat debut of this type on board the aircraft carriers Sōryū at the battle of Midway, where they were both deployed aircraft lost. Then there was a delay in production, it was necessary to solve problems with strength, to Suisei could go back to my original destination. Bombers Suisei first got on the decks of large aircraft carriers and later on the deck of the auxiliary aircraft carriers. In June 1943, the time has come to Suisei replaced the older types of Aichi D3A2 also for ground units Kōkūtai, first, it was 601., 652. and 653. Kōkūtai. In July followed 121., 503., 523. and 541. Kōkūtai. In overkill to a new type had to staff these units go through first, retraining, and so the fight came up in the summer of 1944, at a time when the battle of the Philippine sea, in particular the battle of Marian. Here the japanese fleet 海軍中将 - Kaigun chūjō vice admiral Ozawa lost nine aircraft carriers and 425 aircraft. Suisei has entered the war at a time when Americans should have the absolute superiority, Hellcaty TF58 with an overview of destroyed any attempt on our own ships. In the vicinity of Saipan, Guam and Tinian was destroyed more than 80 bombers Suisei, which flew from the decks of aircraft carriers. Mutatis mutandis, were also ground troops, which were placed at the airports of these islands, for example, on the island of Tinian was dislokováno and subsequently also destroyed 30 bomber Suisei model 11 belonging to the 523. Kōkūtai. In the south Pacific this summer, the destruction of the bypass only 121. Kōkūtai. The pilots of units-armed bombers Suisei reported in the days 17. to 19. 6. 1944 damage to three aircraft carriers, they were USS Bunker Hill (CV-17), USS Wasp (CV-18) and USS Fanshaw Bay (CVE-70) and damage two battleships, USS South Dakota (BB-57) and USS Indiana (BB-58). Ships were damaged, but it was killed more than 150 sailors. Fighter Zero, however, already failed to their performances and the numbers to protect the unions own bomber Tenzan and Suisei before the outnumbered american fighters and this fact has become almost the rule. The crew of bombers always suffered large losses and interference were still more often just suicide bombing.
From the autumn of 1944 came version Suisei with engines Kasei, these machines were assigned to units, which were also armed with twin-engine bombers of a type G4M Betty and P1Y Francess. Newly přezbrojenými units were these Kōkūtai: 701., 721., 722., 752., 761., 762., 763. and 765. After the defeat of the Philippine sea was re-created 601. Kōkūtai. Ground and flight staff was well trained and ready, Kōkūtai joined in the fighting with significant determination and enthusiasm. 24. September 1944, the aircraft has taken off from airfields on Luzon bombers Suisei belonging to 601., 653. and 701. Kōkūtai, they managed to break through the patrol Hellcaty and through the dam created by the barrage of anti-aircraft guns and sank four pumovými interference carrier USS Princeton (CVL-23) and damaged four other ships. TF38 during the next two days conducted a massive pre-emptive attacks on jihofilipínská airport and 25. September evening left 601. Kōkūtai only a few! Suisei. Kaigun Kōkū Hombu these remaining aircraft subsequently převelelo to suicide units, and here the losses were absolute. After the conquest of the Philippines at the beginning of the year 1945, the fight moved up to the parent islands, Iwo Jima, Okinawa and Formosa.
Here to defend the concentrated remnants of the destroyed units were either created by the unit new, or partially destroyed unit were supplemented with new aircraft and evacuated staff. Six bombers Suisei 601. and 653. Kōkūtai and ten from the Philippines přelétnutých fighter Zero created the offensive group Niitaka it was deployed on 21. January 1945 in the fight against the operating of the union of TF38. Patrolling Hellcaty destroyed two Suisei model 33, four planes, however, penetrated, and carried out three suicide attacks. The goal was to have aircraft carriers, USS Ticonderoga (CV-14) and USS Langley (CVL-27) and torpédoborc USS Maddox (DD-731), the ships were seriously damaged.
21. February stormed the american association TF58 suicide group Mitat 2 from the base Hitori on the island of Kyūshū, in the attack took off 12 bombers Suisei, and 4 of the old torpedo B5N2 Kate with a fighter escort of Zero. The japanese assault groups supplemented fuel at the base of the Hajichi Jim and subsequently attacked the TF58 moored between the Iwo Jimou and Chichi Jimou. The anchoring of the ships arrived before five in the afternoon. Zera started to fight with hlídkujícími Hellcaty and at exactly five in the afternoon, from a height of 1 000 meters was attacked by six Suisei carrier USS Saratoga (CV-3). The japanese dropped their bombs, the Saratoga suffered three hits, but then even hit two bombers Suisei. Saratoga was seriously damaged. Another attack carried out the same night 601. Kōkūtai, her aircraft sank the bombs the escort aircraft carrier USS Bismark Sea (CVE-95).
601. Kōkūtai carried out a 7. April 1945 near the island of Okinawa the next suicide attack and damaged the carrier USS Hancock (CV-19), battleship USS Maryland (BB-46) and four other ships. In attacks engage also one D4Y4 43, the final charge to carry out zažehnutými rocket motors, the increased flight speed and the increased hope on the penetration of the aircraft by, enemy suppression fire, and at the same time, could the suicide machine "better" penetrate deeper into the hold.
One of the last combat actions of the japanese naval air force is associated with bomber Suisei. 15. August 1945 after the emperor of the Hirohito in the morning he spoke by radio to his nation and announced the surrender, and so banned all combat actions, on that day, after the seventeenth hour, took off from the base Oita on the island of Kyūshū, along with a dozen other bombers Suisei commander 5. Kōkū kantai 海軍中将 - Kaigun chūjō (vice admiral) Matome Ugaki to the last suicide flight. The whole group flew toward the island of Okinawa, where the american fleet. At half-past seven in the evening was captured radiodepeše, in which it was reported that the planes were going to attack. American sources, however, about this event at all do not mention, and so is greatly likely that admiral Ugaki and his group have chosen suicide years as a means to not have to live in shame. The emperor declared the acceptance of the surrender, it was unthinkable to the emperor disobey and so with the aircraft hit the sea surface at the sight of the enemies and left this world with honor. The morning of the next day found patrol landing craft LST-926 on the beach of the island Iheyajima the smoldering remains of the aircraft and crippled an admiral's body.

Users:


Aircraft carriers:
Sōryū, Shōkaku, Zuikaku, Taihō and Junyō.
Battleships with flight deck:
Ise and Hyūga.
Units
Air regiments (Kōkūtai):
Himeji, Hyakurihara, Kaikō, Kanoya, the Kanto, Kinki, Kyūshū, Nagoya, Nansei-Shotō, Ōryū, Tainan, Taiwan, Tōkai, Tsuiki, Yokosuka, 12., 121., 131., 132., 141., 151., 153., 201., 210.,
252., 302., 352., 501., 502., 503., 521., 523., 531., 541., 552., 553., 601., 634., 652., 653., 701., 721., 722., 752., 761., 762., 763., 765., 901., 951., 1001. and 1081.
Reconnaissance squadron (Hikōtai):
3., 4., 61., 101. and 102.
Assault squadron (Hikōtai): Hikotai
1., 3., 5., 102., 103., 105., 107., 161., 251. and 263.,
Battle groups kamikaze (Kamikaze group):
Chūyū, Giretsu, Kasuga, Chihaya, Katori, Kongō Well. 6, The Kongō Well. 9, Kongō Well. 11, Kongō Well. 23, Kyokujitsu, Suisei, Yamato, Kikusui-Suisei Well. 1, Kikusui-Suisei Well. 2, Korok,Chūsei, Mitat Well. 1, Mitat Well, 2, Mitat Well. 4, Niitaka and Yūbu.



Used springs:
René J. Francillon Ph. d., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis Maryland, Reprinted 1990, ISBN-0-87021-313-X
Tadeusz Januszewski, Krzysztof Zalewski, Japońskie samoloty marynarki 1912-1945, tom1., Wydawnictwo Lampart, Warsaw, 2000, ISBN: 83-86776-56-0
John C. Fredriksen, Yokosuka D4Y Suisei, in International Warbirds: An Illustrated Guide to World Military Aircraft, 1914-2000, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, ABC-Clio Inc, 2001, ISBN 978-1-57607-364-3.
Robert C. Mikesh and Shorzoe Abe, Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941, Annapolis MD, Naval Institute Press, 1990, ISBN 1-55750-563-2.
M. C. Richards and Donald With. Smith, Aichi D3A ('Val') & Yokosuka D4Y ('Judy') Carrier Bombers of the IJNAF, in Aircraft in Profile, vol. 241, Windsor, Berkshire, UK, Profile Publications Ltd., 1974, ISBN 0-85383-022-3.
Famous Airplanes Of The World, Well. 69, Navy Carrier Dive-Bomber "Suisei", BunrinDo (Japan), March 1988, ISBN 4-89319-066-0.
Jaroslav Schmidt, the Aircraft 1939 – 45, Fighter and bomber aircraft of Japan 1. part 1. edition, Publishing house Fraus Plzen, 1998, ISBN 807238-041-9
Krzysztof Zalewski, Pokładowy bombowiec nurkujący D4Y Suisei Judy, Technika Wojskowa nr 3/1992, ISSN 0867-5635
Václav Němeček, Aeronautics + astronautics, year 1999, number 15, ISSN 0024-1156
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/bww2/d4y.html
www.historyofwar.org
http://www.ww2warbirds.net/ww2htmls/yokod4y.html
www.airaces.ru
author archive
.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Jokosuka-D4Y-Suisei-Judy-t30118#558179 Version : 0
Discussion post Fact post
Attachments


Join us

We believe that there are people with different interests and experiences who could contribute their knowledge and ideas. If you love military history and have experience in historical research, writing articles, editing text, moderating, creating images, graphics or videos, or simply have a desire to contribute to our unique system, you can join us and help us create content that will be interesting and beneficial to other readers.

Find out more