Micubiši B1M (palubní útočný letoun typ 13)

Mitsubishi B1M - přehled verzí
Mitsubishi B1M - an overview of the versions

一三式艦上攻撃機 – Ičisan-shik kandžó kógekiki - Maritime on-board attack aircraft Type 13

Allied code name: unassigned
Japanese name: ?


Label the Design of the aeroplane - a description
Mitsubishi B1M1 aircraft variants 2MT1, 2MT2 and 2MT3 with the engine Napier Lion
Mitsubishi 2MT4 Othori experimental reconnaissance seaplane, one prototype
Mitsubishi 2MT5 two-seat attack bomber with the engine of Mitsubishi Hi, one prototype
Mitsubishi B1M2 second, the three-digit version of the bomber with the engine of Mitsubishi Hi, the factory designation of the 3MT5
Mitsubishi B1M3 third, the three-digit version of the bomber with the other transfer reducer, factory label 3MT2
Mitsubishi T-1.2 Demilitarized aircraft with closed cabin for the passengers, used a variety of engines, the Napier Lion, the Mitsubishi Hi or Bristol Jupiter
Mitsubishi Army Type 87 Light Bomber Adjustment for the army air force




Manufacturer production Period Manufactured units
Mitsubishi Nainenki Seizo K. To. 1923 [ the first prototype 2MT1
1924 - ? 197 aircraft marked B1M1
1924 - 1925 one prototype 2MT4 Othori and one 2MT5
02. 1926 - 1928 115 aircraft B1M2
03. 1926 – 03. 1929 48 aircraft Mitsubishi 2MB1 Army Type 87 Light Bomber
Mitsubishi Jukogyo K. To., Nagoya and the Dai-Juichi Kaigun Kokusho, Hiro 1931 – 1932 produced 128 aircraft B1M3


sources:
Robert C. Mikesh and Shorzoe Abe, Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941, Naval Institute Press Annapolis, Maryland 21402, 1990, ISBN: 1-155750-563-2
Tadeusz Januszewski and Kryzysztof Zalewski, Japońskie samoloty marynarski 1912-1945, tiel 2, Lampart, 2000, ISBN 83-86776-00-05
www.aviastar.org
author archive
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URL : https://www.valka.cz/Micubisi-B1M-palubni-utocny-letoun-typ-13-t64732#230861 Version : 0
History of the aircraft:

大日本帝国海軍 - The Dai-Nippon Teikoku Kaigun (Imperial Japanese Navy) became a modern and also internationally respected force shortly after World War I, thanks to the design skills of British designer Herbert Smith, working at 三菱内燃製造 - Mitsubishi Nainenki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha. Japan placed considerable emphasis on brand new aircraft carriers. However, aircraft carriers are only one part, but a necessary condition for their effective deployment is also on-board aviation, and this is where Herbert Smith helped the Japanese greatly. His airborne fighter aircraft 1MF were world class at the time of their introduction and the reconnaissance aircraft 2MR were by no means inferior in performance. Only the 1MT1 deck bomber was a disappointment, Herbert Smith was trying to guarantee the maneuverability of the aircraft with the torpedoes suspended, so he went for the already outdated triplane configuration, the aircraft looked really archaic and its performance was rather disappointing.

On the basis of this experience, Herbert Smith undertook a completely new project - a deck torpedo bomber. Engineer Smith returned to the proven biplane concept. The airframe was all-wood, canvas-covered, and the wings, with three spars, could be folded back to allow for easy hangaring and handling. The undercarriage was rigid with a wide track, which was advantageous for operations aboard aircraft carriers. The first prototype was completed and flown in January 1923, and a year later, it was adopted into the armament of the Naval Air Force as the "Naval Deck Attack Aircraft Type 13-1". The Navy adopted variants into its armament that were factory designated 2MT1, 2MT2 and 2MT3. These aircraft differed from each other only in minor details, they could also be equipped with floats (in practice this was hardly done), but they had in common the type of engine used - a water-cooled forked twelve-cylinder Napier Lion.

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Also, 大日本帝国陸軍航空隊 - Dai-Nippon teikoku rikogun kókútai (Imperial Army Air Force) at that time required a light bomber to include in its armament, tried the then excellent 2MB2 Washi, which was built to the design of Prof. Dr. Alexander Baumann. The Washi was excellent, but too expensive, so it was modified by the Navy B1M1 to meet Army requirements, and the Army adopted it as the 2MB1, or "Army Type 87 Light Bomber". The truth is that this aircraft became obsolete quite soon and had to be replaced by a more modern bomber.

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In 1924 the Navy requested a long-range floatplane reconnaissance aircraft, Mitsubishi responded with the 2MT4 Ohtori (Big Wild Goose) project, this aircraft was completed in March 1925. I should point out that the modifications were not that substantial, the B1M1 could, if necessary, fly with floats. Together with competing types along with Nakajima-Breguet 19A.2B and Kawasaki-Dornier Do.D, it took part in a competition at Kasumigaura naval base. This competition was eventually cancelled without a winner being selected.

Another experiment based on the B1M1 was the construction of the prototype 2MT5 Tora (Tiger) deck combat aircraft, which was powered by a Hi (Hispano-Suiza) type engine. The aircraft was completed on February 4, 1926, was intensively tested in the following week, was not accepted into the armament, but after modifications this type became the prototype of the Type 13-2 deck attack aircraft.
The new attack aircraft B1M2 was powered by a Mitsubishi Hi type engine, with this engine higher power and climb performance was achieved. The propeller, which had to transfer the engine power, was either a four-blade or a two-blade with a larger diameter. The second significant change was the increase in crew size to three men. After this aircraft, a final version was adopted, designated the "Naval Deck Attack Aircraft Type 13-3, or B1M3 for short, differing from the earlier version in its engine, with a differently geared reduction gear. Production of this aircraft was discontinued in 1932.

The aircraft served in the Navy as an all-purpose combat aircraft and was deployed by the Naval Air Forces in the fighting of the Sino-Japanese conflict. This type took part in the engagement at Sukou in China, on February 22, 1932 American pilot Robert Short on a Chinese Boeing P-12 attacked a formation of Japanese aircraft (3 B1M3 and 3 A1N2), the American was shot down and the Japanese returned to base in Shanghai with one man dead and several wounded. The aircraft gradually earned respect and recognition from its, often more modern, adversaries. Quite a number of these aircraft remained in service until 1938.

Not forgetting the civilian service of this bomber, several dozen aircraft were modified, all armament was removed, a long glass cockpit for a crew of two or three was installed, and the aircraft carried passengers, mail and other cargo on various civilian carriers. These aircraft were designated as Micubishi T-1.2 and were powered by a variety of propulsion units.


Sources used:
Robert C. Mikesh and Shorzoe Abe, Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941, Naval Institute Press Annapolis, Maryland 21402, 1990, ISBN: 1-155750-563-2
Tadeusz Januszewski and Kryzysztof Zalewski, Japanese Naval Aircraft 1912-1945, vol. 2, Lampart, 2000, ISBN 83-86776-00-05
www.aviastar.org
www.historyofwar.org
author's archive
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Micubiši B1M (palubní útočný letoun typ 13) - Fotografie Micubiši B1M1

Fotografie Micubiši B1M1
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