Černota, Josef

Staff captain Josef Black

1916-2001

Joseph Black was born 1. 8. 1916 in Břeclav. Father Josef Blackness (1880 - 1950) was a wood carving. He worked as a laborer. war he got into the captivity, entered into čs. the legions in Russia. After the war he devoted himself trhovému trade. The mother of Joseph. Humble (1881 - 1972) gather domacnost and small economy.

Family owned family house. In the family were two children. Older sister, Stephanie (born. 1912) was a seamstress. Young Joseph attended in the birthplace of the elementary school and 3 class school. Children to grow up in a patriotic environment. Both practiced in the Falcon. Josef nurturing gymnastics and sports of all kinds, including boxing. These hobbies it accompanied the whole life. Apprenticed as a tailor and after the apprenticeship he worked in a factory at the Bata company, the first in střihárně and later in the warehouse. After Munich came from his birthplace in the German annexation and by that time, lived Joseph and his parents. At that time there were incidents with the German youth and the German ordnery. After one fight, where the injury occurred, is a matter of seizing the German police. Joseph had no choice but to flee to the Protectorate, and again began to work at the company Bata on the excavation of the Baťa channel in the Malenkovicích. As filed option request, received a summons for military conscription into the German army. To avoid the police difficulties and military service in the German army, began to organize their move to Poland. Make an appointment with čs. railway at the level crossing the train showed up a group of refugees on the Polish territory from the train. In Cracow, entered into the ms. military units and 28. 7. 1939 sailed to France. In Marseilles, jumped ship and crossed over to Algiers. The seat of the legion in Algiers was of Sidi bel Abbes. In the fortress of Al Aricha from the civilians he has become a soldier of the Foreign legion with the number 84 986. Basic training was challenging. From Poland has been with her boyfriend Bierským, which now served in the 2. company. With the entry of France into the war came the opportunity to leave from the legion and subscribe to the czechoslovak units. Boarded in Agde to the training at 4. company 1. battalion. After completion of training were assigned to the 4. machine-gun platoon 2. regiment. In June got to the front at Paris, on the Marne. After the fall of France got to the south where the sails steamer Rod el Farag to England.

In Great Britain he served in the 2. the battalion at Walton Hall. He had a number of military courses and gradually reached the rank of staff sergeant. In 1942 he was selected for training for specific tasks and posted 5. 11. 1942 on STS-26 to Scotland. A month later, he underwent training in skydiving. In mid-1943, he was called on STS-46 in Chicheley Hall and was included in the operating group WOLFRAM (Bierský, Freedom, Print, Matula, Reznicek, and Blackness). With this he had a number of special trainings.

The group of WOLFRAM's task is to create a guerrilla movement in Moravia as opposed to the similar activities of the USSR. The action is to ready the equipment for the survival of the away team and for the creation of the guerrilla group. Day 3. 7. 1943 they flew the plane to the base of SOE in Bari and on čs. the holding station Laureto. With the operating group WOLFRAM was discontinued in the night from 13. 14. 9. 1944 to the Beskydy mountains. For away team are divided into two groups. As the first seskakuje group Bierský, Freedom and Print. Bierský goes first, because he knows the Beskydy mountains, over which they are dropped off. Behind him is the Freedom with the radio as the protected person. Trinity closes the Print as a commander. Freedom as a radio operator seskakuje in the first group, because that has the least chance of detection. Freedom accompanied by bad luck the whole war and even now his luck's run out. During the jump, the station got blocked in the hole, and the group is so tore up. In the second circuit seskakuje group Matula, Reznicek and Blackness. Have more luck, and after the jump are within a 10 minute together. Fail to contact with the first group. Moved on to the other clues instead. He came there only Bierský. After a month they found Otiska. He was hiding in a village Kladnata. Svoboda's bad luck should top off completely. He was caught by the gestapo on a White Cross. Subsequently transferred to Ostrava and then to Brno. Gestapákům failed to beat the hell out of him the names of friends or contacts in the drop zone. They failed to even make it to the radio protihře with London. After the fruitless interrogation he was sent to a concentration camp, where he survived to the end of the war. The group came on the radio and the telegraph. The situation of the group was uncomfortable in the fact that they did not how to contact with London. Before the jump it was arranged that to take place another drop of the material, including the radio station during the other days, no matter if the group will hear a radio or not. The day before the shozem be heard in a BBC broadcast password "Calling carp". Paratroopers with the contact with the local people and in the evening listened to the gamekeeper radio. The password came up. Waited a few more days. The group was carrying a huge amount of money, to many things to ensure. Weapons and radio for the activity, however buy couldn't. Larger amounts among people also were not common. The group is contacted with a group of guerrillas Jan Žižka from the USSR, commanded by commander Janko and the commissioner was a member of the Red Army Mursin. Through this group they were trying to contact with London. To no avail. Cooperation was not good and so they broke up. This group carried out actions in the field, where they had a base and at the base of the leak and that's going to give the local population. Tungsten is contacted with a reporting group Bělavského. With this group has been established longer contact and cooperation was good. Unfortunately, when you try to contact the "Council of three" was shot Bierský one partisan who was arrested by the gestapo prosecuted for theft and was hoping that the gestapo will pardon. After the war he was sentenced for treason and for murder. In the fall, the gestapo started an anti-guerrilla action "Grouse", which commanded the right . H. Frank. The paratroopers were forbidden from London contact with the families, to not get in trouble and possibly someone from the family carelessly spoken about the fact that "our...." it is at home. The Gestapo canvassing the Beskydy meter by meter. At that time, however, they were at the Řezníčků at home, despite the already mentioned order. 50 meters from the house stood the patrol, which closed the space from which not even get a mouse. The cottage was outside the zone and the Germans were warm to the Řezníčkům into the kitchen. A few meters away from them in the loft above the stable was hiding Wolfram. Mrs. Řezníčková for 14 days totally got my grey hairs. As soon as the end of the event "Grouse" moved to Brno. Where however go, no one knew except Otiska. Again, against orders to stay in the family Otiskova brother Bohumil. In a stack of straw to survive the winter. In march 1945 Blackness with Řezníčkem went to the surroundings of Brno and looking for a connection with the civilian south, towards Kyjov. They contacted a group of "Lexa-Black". Otiskovi did not like this and built up your own network. In this network, also belonged Otiskův older brother John and a former lieutenant of the czechoslovak. army Duda. In the vicinity of Brno, conducted, inter alia, the attack on the staff 3. German armored brigade. The completely destroyed and disrupted so the synergies between the units of the adversary. After the approach of the Red Army crossed the Jiříkovic front. They reported to the commander. This is the first wanted to execute. In the end however, the Fingerprint appealed to the general Svoboda, and so is released. In may, signed up for staff čs. army in Prague. Print and Matula were deployed at the disposal of the German guerrilla activity. Blackness and Reznicek were hired as code breakers at the WELL.

To WELL see the Blackness of the termination of war operations and the beginning of the first vacation. In September 1945 he was transferred to the Military academy in Hranice na Moravě. There he worked as an instructor of the struggle of small groups in 1947. In 1947, he was the founder of the airborne troops of the czechoslovak. army. Built on a green field. All equipment for training, equipment and methodology are built on the basis of the experience of war, but with the fact that use of latest knowledge. Practiced a visceral shooting, ambushes, etc. Activities match what is taught in England. Famous for his game "on the zaháněnou" with hand grenades. Shooting live ammunition used to be common. He was one of those who introduced the first čs. parachute VJ-1 to our army. In 1947 he commanded the airborne course HGN israeli soldiers - the Haganah. Those became the basis of the airborne troops of the new state of Israel. As were his methods too western and did not correspond to the expectations of the new progressive command of the army under the leadership of the CPC, retired in the rank of staff captain on his own request in 1951 to advance. Along with the criminal behavior of our army leave and fight in the style of Commandos and enforce the tactical missions of the soviet model. After retiring from the army he worked in various occupations. From time to time, met with those whom he raised and with their successors. Constantly it we all admired for his directness, courage, but also physical fitness.

Josef Blackness he survived the war, he was awarded the Čs. war cross 1939, Čs.medals For valor, Medals of merit Also. and II. class, Commemorative medals with the label F and VB and Guerrilla star.

Josef Blackness died 22. 10. 2001.

Source:
www.v-klub.cz.www
www.military.cz.www.

Foto: Zdroj: http://www.lib.cas.cz/parasut/cernota.htm

Dovolím si maličkou opravu:


Velitelem Čs. partyzánské skupiny Jan Žižka byl Ján Ušiak , který se zastřelil při akci Tetřev a má spolu s ostatními pomník v Čeladné. Jinak na následující adrese je řada informací o Velkých Karlovicích, které odbržely čestný název "Partyzánská obec" a byly také v operačním pásmu Wolframu.


http://www.velkekarlovice.cz/main.php?pg=5005