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Leopard 1
This tank was intended to replace the M 47; American tanks in the Bundeswehr's arsenal. The first proposals for the design of a new tank, which was to successfully fight with the T 54, were formulated in 1956. In 1957, they were ďale further refined, and in the same year the development program began with the help of France. In 1958, Italy also joined the programme. The first prototypes were built in 1961. The winning design was the result of a duel between two German teams led by Porsche (Vienna) and Ruhrstahl. France dropped out of the program due to government budget problems. The first production machines left the production line in 1965. In the same year, the tank was introduced into the German army. The tank was introduced to the army in the same year.
Construction
The construction is classic: in the front ča water compartment, in the middle ča compartment for the turret and in the rear ča rear ča engine compartment. The hull is welded, the tower is cast.
Chassis
The chassis is made up of seven running wheels on each side, four pulleys (two inner and two outer), a guide wheel at the front and a drive wheel at the rear. The belts of the manufacturer Diehl type D139E2 are steel with rubber feet. The wheels are sprung with torsion bars and 1,2,3, 6 and 7 wheels have additional hydraulic shock absorbers. All wheels (except the drive wheel) have rubber rims.
Engine and gearbox
The engine is MTU MB 838 CaM-500. It is a four-stroke multi-fuel water-cooled V-arranged cylinder with a cylinder capacity of 37.4 litres with four valves per cylinder. Engine power is 619 kW at 2,200 rpm. The gearbox is an automatic electrohydraulic gearbox type ZF 4 HP250. It has 4 gears. 4 forward and 2 reverse gears. The fuel tank has a volume of 1010 l.
Pancier
The pancier is homogeneous steel.
Armour thickness Hull: čelo - 70 mm inclined at an angle of 60° sides - 25 mm/90° (in the chassis area), above the tracks: 35 mm/45° rear - 25 mm/12° bottom - 15 mm height: The lid is cast with a variable thickness of 52 - 60 mm with an inclination also variable, but generally approximately 45°. Ceiling height - 20 mm.
Armament
The main armament of the tank is a modified British L7A3 105 mm calibre gun with a tracked barrel bore. It is equipped with an exhaust ejector, has no thermal barrel protection and is not stabilised. The sight is circular, the aiming is -9° and +20°. Additional armament is two 7,62 mm calibre rounds - one mated to the gun and one anti-aircraft round on the turret. Protective armament includes 8 smoke grenade launchers - four on either side of the turret.
Paľby and el. Equipment
It does not have a paľby control system. The gunner has a TEM-1A combined sight/diode, which is linked to the cannon. Its armored optical heads equipped with flaps are located on the sides of the turret. The gunner has a telescopic sight, the TZF-1A. The tank commander can use the periscopic sight, the TRP-1A. For night combat conditions, the tank is equipped with a removable SW-30U combination (viď. light/infračer. light) searchlight. The tank is ďally equipped with two SEM 25 and one SEM 35 radios, a tank-talker, and canžcarryť the crew can be contacted via a connector at the rear of the turret. Against WMD, the tank is equipped with an overpressure filtering device.
TTD
Dimensions and weights length of the body: ..................................................... 7090 mm dĺžbox with cannon forward: ................................. 9543 mm max.width: ........................................................ 3250 mm height to the command periscope: ................................. 2613 mm Height after periscope: .................................................. 2400 mm ground clearance ...................................................... 440 mm empty weight: ............................................. 38 t combat weight: ................................................ 40 t
Carried ammunition supply 105 mm ............................................................ 60 rounds 7.62 mm ........................................................... 5500 rounds
Performance Max. speedť forward/reverse on straight roads ...... 65/25 km/h average speedť off-road ................................ 35 - 40 km/h on-road range .............................................. 530 km Off-road range .................................................. 400 - 450 km max. gradient .................................................... 60° max. lateral inclination ............................................. 30° crossčnoseť (trench) ....................................... 3 m ascent capacity (perpendicular obstacle) ............................... 1.15 m wadingť with no preparation/preparation ..................... 1,2 m/2,25 m no deep wading
Derived types The ženium tank, the salvage tank and the self-propelled anti-tank twin gun (35 mm) cheetah.
Production: Krauss-Maffei and Krupp-MaK, Germany and OTO Melara, Italy.
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