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VJa-23 (VJa-23) Air cannon designed by Volkov and Jarcev cal. 23 mm (Volkov, Jarcev 23-mm aircraft cannon)
In the Soviet Union, work was underway to develop an aviation cannon for the new cal. 23 mm since the mid-1930s in several design bureaus. One of them was the CKB-14 (ЦКБ-14), where the task was handled by designers A.A.Volkov (А.А.Volkov) and S.A.Yartsev (С.А.Ярцев). The working title of their project, the drawings of which were completed on 6.5.1940, was TKB-201 (ТКБ-201).
The breech automation of the weapon designed by them worked on the principle of using the energy of gases taken from the barrel. The loading or reloading of the weapon (after the bolt was cocked) was carried out by means of a pneumatic device. The advantage of the new design was, for such a calibre, a high cadence, the disadvantage being a large recoil and too rapid operation of the mechanical parts of the gun, which caused great wear and shortening of the service life of the components. It also led to frequent jamming of the cartridge in the barrel (breech), which failure often could not be rectified in flight.
Different ammunition was used in the gun - cluster-fuzed, cluster-fuzed tracer (with tracer) and penetrating-fuzed. The weight of all these projectiles (shells) was about the same - about 200 grams, which was twice as much as the ŠVAK cal cannon used until then. 20 mm (ШВАК). The fragmentation grenade contained 10 grams of explosive and its explosive power was double that of the ŠVAK 20 mm cannon fragmentation grenade. The fragmentation and incendiary grenades, the development of which was only completed in mid-1941, penetrated armour 25mm thick at a distance of 400m.
In May/May 1941, a year after the drawings were made, the TKB-201 gun was accepted into the Soviet Air Force armament under the designation VJA (ВЯ), which were the initials of its designers. Due to the aforementioned strong recoil of this gun, its use on serial fighter aircraft was not envisaged, and the only single-engine aircraft on which it was used was the famous "Shurmovik" Il-2. On this aircraft, one VJA-23 was mounted in each wing, each with a firing diameter of 150 rounds.
Production of the VJA-23 guns was carried out at plants No. 2 and No. 66 (№ 2 и № 66). The numbers of units produced are given in the table.
Shirokorad A. B.: History of aviation armament. A short essay. Harvest, 1999, ISBN: 985-433-695-6
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Jedno velmi špatné foto (jako většina z té doby).
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Reklama
This post has not been translated to English yet. Please use the TRANSLATE button above to see machine translation of this post.
Na snímku z amerického sborníku je vidět, že kanon nebyl žádný drobeček.
Kanon VJa používal mosazné nábojnice, na snímku vystřelené nábojnice je vidět zřetelné přeformování hrdla, Reveliho drážky nebyly použity.
Zdroj :
G.Chinn, The Machine Gun, Vol.2 part VII
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VJA
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