Wilson, John B.: Armies, Corps, Divisions, and Separate Brigades, Center of Military History, United States Army, Washington, 1999 www.history.army.mil en.wikipedia.org Stanton, Shelby L.: Vietnam Order of Battle, Stackpole Books, USA, 2003
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the Emergence of division and border security
1. equestrian division was established 20. August 1921 in the Regular army. Activated was 13. September of the same year in texas, Fort Bliss. The division was allocated 8. choral area and assigned a 3. army. As the basis for a new division served the remnants of the kits 15. riding division, which was originally established for the purpose of protecting the border with Mexico, and should be deployed even in Europe, for which, however, due to lack of shipping space has not occurred. The division thus continued to carry out surveillance of the troubled border between the El Paso and Brownsvillem. 1. cavalry division patrolled the border, even after the war. It served her right to a system of border camps, in which were placed the detachments about the strength of the squad. You send patrols, the aim of which were bandits who crossed the Rio Grande and tried to steal the cows. These camps were abolished in 1925. Division i after guarding the border, but only of the permanent crew. In addition, the number of patrols gradually decreased.
Maneuvers in the interwar period
The division or its components in the inter-war period participated in a number of divisional and brigádních maneuvers. The first division maneuvers were held in the autumn of 1923 near the texas Murphy and this was the largest concentration of the us cavalry since the civil war. Other divisional exercises took place in 1927, and in the same place. The next exercise was to take place in April 1929, but it was cancelled because the core of the division was sent to the border, as in Sonora, provoked a general Escobar rebellion. The division commander, major general George Van Horn Moseley both parties warned to't fire the gun across the border into the US, otherwise they will be american troops forced to intervene. His warning worked and american troops into battles they did not intervene. Furthermore, it was a very short affair, so the division could return to their crews already in may. A substitute for the repealed April maneuvers were those of October, which took place in the area of Fillmorského pass in New Mexico. Another took place near the Hueco in the years 1931 and 1932. In the years 1933 to 1935 with no did not take place, because of the absence of financial resources and the division was involved in the management of camps of the civil conservation corps in the area of Arizona and New Mexico. Further more maneuvers then took place in April 1936 in Murphy.
Preparing for war
1. equestrian division in the second half of the 30. years participated in the development of new doctrine, organization and tactics in the context of the motorization and mechanization of armies. It has been through organisational changes and their verification exercises. These included divisional maneuvers in may 1938 at the Balmorhey. On them have established large maneuvers 3. the army in August of the same year. The division was not due to lack of funds deployed the whole. Her 1. riding brigade supported the assault VIII. ward against 36. division at Camp power up. In the following year carried out the units of the division during divisional maneuvers at Balmorhey attack on the 9th. infantry regiment. In August 1940 the division participated in maneuvers 3. the army in Louisiana. Division when they perform the role of ears and eyes VIII. ward, and was also deployed against the new 23. the equestrian division. After returning to their home crews, the division was relieved of the task of guarding the border, which gave 56. the equestrian brigade of the texas National guard. The division should pay for the training and carried out a series of smaller exercises. In August and September 1941 again went on maneuvers in Louisiana. When they had faced each other 2. and 3. army. 1. riding in the decisive moment, carried out the successful night crossing of the Sabine river, and occupied the warehouse fuel 2. army in Zwolle, thereby preventing the tanks of major general Patton in the possibility to replenish stocks. The insured 3. the military victory. After the end of the maneuvers, the division returned to the Fort Bliss. When it came in December 1941 to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the subsequent entry of the US into the war, not even the process of the development of new divisions in the end. Based on the experience of the maneuver occurred in 1942, to a greater or lesser changes. However 1. equestrian division to defend a square organizational structure, although he was a lot of pressure on the transition on the triangular structure. The division is also gradually getting rid of horses, which replace the motorized means and light tanks. The division resembled a reinforced infantry formation.
world war ii - the Pacific
In June 1943, the division gradually gathered in california Camp Stoneman, boarded the vessel and went to Australia. Arrived here in early July. Placed was in Strathpine north of Brisbane, where he continued in training. 26. July has been moved to New Guinea, where she was preparing for an attack on Admiralitní islands occupied by the Japanese. The islands were liberated during the operation, the Brewer, which ran from late February to mid-may 1944. 1. equestrian division when it went through its combat baptism. The losses were small, but the division overall did well. In October 1944 he participated in the invasion of Leyte, which took the Tacloban and airport in its vicinity, then proceeded along the north coast and to ensure Leytské valley. Part of the division in the meantime, ensure Samarský island. On Leyte the division outperformed the Ormockou plain and 1. January 1945 has reached the west coast. The division then 27. January landed on Luzon and from the Lingayenského the gulf now they were heading to Manila, which has reached 3. February. Then went to the river and Marikina and the line of the Tagaytay-Antipolo. Followed the procedure to the south and east into the areas of Batangas and Bicol. The fight here ended 1. July 1945. 1. cavalry division left Luzon 25. August and headed to Japan, where she had to be a part of the occupation forces. 2. September arrived at Yokohama, and 8. September entered as the first american unit to Tokyo. In Japan, then spent the next five years.
Korean war
When North Korea invaded South Korea, was 1. equestrian division sent to help hold the Pussan perimeter. After a successful landing X. the choir at the Inčonu, surged division together with other units to attack towards the north. In October the division went 38. parallel and shocked to Pyongyang. Because of the intervention of chinese troops but had to UN troops put on the retreat. Part 1. the equestrian division at the time, suffered a defeat at Unsanu. The division then participated in the defense of Seoul. In January 1952 the unit was withdrawn to Japan. To Korea back in 1957. The division once again guarded the border, this time between the free and communist Korea. In the country remained until 1965.
Vietnam war
Another theater of war the division was Vietnam. Division here to fulfil the role of a mobile infantry, which is at the place shifted by helicopters. In the same way was solved and the supply of material and the evacuation of the wounded. Helicopters provide also fire support. This was the machine on the transport team UH-1, the offensive machine of the AH-1 and of the transport machines, the CH-47 and CH-54. The division was placed at the base Camp Radcliff in An Khe. The first major deployment had in the battle of the valley of the Ia Drang. He then engaged in operation Pershing (search and destruction of enemy bases), and operation Jeb Stuart south of Quang Tri. Here in Hue, the division participated in repelling the Tet offensive. Subsequently, with the cavalry division involved in the successful operation Pegasus, the aim of which was to rescue marines who were surrounded at Khe Sanh. Many of the forces and resources division, lost in the valley And Shau during operation Delaware. In 1970, the division participated in the assault into Cambodia. In the next period covering the evacuation of american forces from Vietnam. At the end of April 1971, most of the division was withdrawn to the texas Fort Hood. Just 3. the brigade remained until the end of June 1972.
TRICAP division
In the years 1972-1974, the army tried a new divisional organization, which was referred to as TRICAP - triple capabilities or triple abilities. This concept combined armoured brigade (firepower, mobility, and muscle) with air transported infantry brigade (providing strength with tactical and operational mobility), and air cavalry combat brigade (the combination of airborne firepower with the tactical and operational mobility) into one division. It was actually a combination of airborne anti-tank units with a ground armored unit. The concept was to implement the experience with Vietnam and new technical resources with tactical requirements so as to produce a division with a higher combat value at a higher degree of unification, which should bring financial savings. The division should be capable of a successful deployment to the european battlefield or in the Middle east. In case of success, should a new structure become a model for the rest of the ground troops. Verification of the theoretical context in practice accounted for 1. riding division, who had experience with the combination of ground combat and rapid air movement. Part of the subordinate units were transferred from the 1. the armored division. Testing in the field began in February 1972. In practice, it should verify how effective will be the deployment of the various components of the helicopter folder with rotními teams armored, mechanized and aeromobilní part. The context was the european theater of war in a conflict of medium intensity. Tests but showed that the TRICAP division suffered from shortcomings both in defence and attack. These were recorded in the area of communication, command and support systems. It was proposed different solutions to the situation to improve. However, even under the influence of the experience of the yom kippur war was 1. equestrian division reorganized on an armoured division with two armoured brigades. Earmarked for separate 6. air cavalry brigade. The division, therefore, in TRICAP format did not even reach operational capability. It turned out that she had little firepower and excess aeromobilní infantry for the battlefield NATO. The new division then participated in the study on the restructuring of the divisions of the land army (DRS) and has participated in numerous exercises from the series of REFORGER.
90. summer XX. century
1. cavalry division participated in operation Desert storm, where filling the role of backup VII. corps and was planted on his right wing. The division remained in Kuwait after the war. Participated in the training of kuwaiti forces, and ensured the protection of the iraqi-kuwaiti border. 1. equestrian division included a visit to the Balkans, where its troops were heavily involved in the activities of the national contingent of the peacekeeping forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina (SFOR).
War against terrorism - Iraq and Afghanistan
In October 2001, was part of the divisions deployed on the iraqi-kuwaiti border. Her part then participated in the invasion of Iraq in 2003. Division as such here has been deployed since January 2004. To the U.S. back in April 2005. In Iraq fought in a number of key battles including the second battle of Fallujah. From November 2006 to December 2007, the division was again in Iraq, this time as the basis of the Multinational division - Baghdad. The same role performed also between January 2009 and 2010.
Parts of the division were deployed in Afghanistan as part of operation Enduring freedom in December 2001. Divisional headquarters here then worked from may 2011 for a period of one year as the basis of regional command East..
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1. and 2. The mechanics of the Brigade of the combat air force, 1. jazdeckej brigade (Combat Aviation Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division) from Fort Hood, Texas vykonávajú maintenance machines AH-64 Apache after ako su vakladané in Zeebrugge, Belgium 20.10.2017
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jacob A. McDonald, 21st Theater Sustainment Command
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jacob A. McDonald, 21st Theater Sustainment Command
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jacob A. McDonald, 21st Theater Sustainment Command
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jacob A. McDonald, 21st Theater Sustainment Command
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jacob A. McDonald, 21st Theater Sustainment Command
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jacob A. McDonald, 21st Theater Sustainment Command
U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Jacob A. McDonald, 21st Theater Sustainment Command
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