SOV - 9K52 Luna-M [kód NATO: FROG-7]

9K52 Luna-M/Frog-7

I served with these missiles as an enlisted man from 1979-81. Half a year training was carried out in the so-called "school of junior specialists" in Hranice na Moravě. The training was in the form of intensive practice of fire calculations using a slide rule and tables, there were about 50 thick notebooks. The most common Bulgarian ELKA at that time was very power-hungry, so we used to connect 2 flat batteries wrapped with insulated tape. The practice calculations were done to the point of madness. The routine acquired over time allowed the waiter over the shoulder in the pub to count 15 items underneath in a second. Too bad it faded away after that. After calculations on the logarithm and using spreadsheets, we were let loose on a Russian 9V57M computer, after a previous theoretical briefing from the prehistoric days of computers. it was fixed into a Gaz 66 truck and looked like a much larger cash register from a saloon. The display was a single line of light emitting diodes and underneath, all over the surface, were single-purpose buttons for entering parameters to calculate firing bases. the ENTER button was called PUSK. It was a very malfunctioning and janky machine. almost everything bothered it. Humid in winter, hot in summer, and shock and dust all year round. When the car was damp from trampled snow, the breath of the operator and wet uniforms, it would strike. To defrost him, after removing the cover, they put bags of absorbent material between the memory blocks, such as you sometimes find in a box of new shoes, except that the bags were canvas 8x15 cm. The PC was also very power-hungry and used to be powered by 25 kg lye batteries, which had to be constantly recharged either by the central station or from the car's on-board network. As a result of the unreliability of this machine, all firing calculations were still duplicated. In the course of firing, meteorological data was constantly entered manually into the computer, which after 15 minutes was no longer up-to-date, and so on and so forth. All the data came to us by simplex telephony and had to be decoded before being entered. Well it was pretty messy and a shot to the crate. Even though we were reprimanded many times by the launcher operators for the botched calculation, it was still better than flying around the OZ in all weathers at night in the doldrums and aiming again and again. I got my combat unit in Jistebnitz and we certainly didn't get bored during the 31 sorties over the 18 months of my engagement.

Fotografie rakety 9M21 používanej v komplete 9K52 Luna-M (Peenemunde 2006):



(c) Radek Havelka

(c) Radek Havelka

About the 9K52 "Luna-M" rocket set


On March 16, 1961, by the decree of the USSR Council of Ministers No. 247-104, official work on the 9K52 "Luna-M" rocket set began. Work on the new kit had already begun at MIT in the 1950s.Even before the official decision to start work on the kit at the OKB of the "Barrikady" plant, the design of new launchers intended for the kit began (February 29, 1960.).
The following designs were created as part of the ongoing work:
* Br-231 on the chassis of the ZiL-135LM car - GRAU index 9P113,
* Br-237 on a tracked chassis (object 910 based on the chassis of the PT-76 tank) - work began on June 14, 1960. - GRAU index 9P112,
* Br-257 on light chassis adapted for transport by Mi-6 helicopter - work started on March 29, 1961. - GRAU index 9P114.


February 5, 1962, the USSR Council of Ministers Decree No. 135-66 was adopted on the construction of the 9K53 "Luna-MW" rocket set for air transport using the Mi-6RWK helicopter.


Prototypes of all launcher versions were built and field trials began in 1964. After the trials, further work on the 9P112 launcher was completely abandoned. It was decided to carry out further work on the 9P114 launcher, which was introduced for trial operation in the army in 1965 as part of the 9K53 "Luna-MW" kit (the 9K74 kit with the 8K14 rocket transported by the Mi-6RWK helicopter was also introduced for trial operation). At the same time, a helicopter rocket set with a 4K95 winged rocket and a 9P116 launcher was also being worked on.


In 1965, the 9P113 launcher was accepted for armament as part of the 9K52 set.


In 1968, a tropical variant of the set designated 9K52TS (9P113TS launcher) was developed.


On July 29, 1966, a decision was made to begin modernization work to improve the accuracy of 9M21 missiles. The modernized set was designated with the name "Luna-3". As part of this theme, the Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology began work on modernizing the 9K52 kit. The modernized 9M21 missile was to receive a simple guidance system and new warheads. Field tests of the missile-carrier (conducted in 1968-1969) yielded negative results and work on the guidance system was discontinued. However, new types of warheads were introduced into the armament - the low-power nuclear AA52 (3 kT) and the 9N18K cluster warhead. The 9N18K warhead contains 42 9N22 combat elements, the explosion of one element yields 690 shrapnel weighing 1-2-4 g. The shrapnel can strike uncovered targets on an area of 1.0-2.5 hectares with a warhead burst at an altitude of 1,200 meters.


In 1967, the OKB of the "Barrikady" plant developed a modernized 9P113M launcher allowing the firing of 9M21 rockets and the new "Luna-3" rockets. The modernized launchers were introduced into the armament.

Začátkem září proběhlo v Chýnově u Tábora setkání nadšenců vojenské techniky.
Přestože jsem fanda do PVO podlehl jsem a fotil a fotil- kde je raketa prostě podlehnu.
Další fotografie umístím později (bude-li zájem).
Na http://www.pvo.webz.cz jsou fotografie techniky PVO z tohoto setkání.

Zdroj : Obrana lidu 1984 č.2

Do výzbroje ČSĽA boli taktické komplety R-60 LUNA-M, označované tiež ako 9K52, zavádzané od roku 1966.
Do konca šesťdesiatych rokov bolo dovezených 10 kompletov 9K52, ktorými boli vyzbrojené samostatné delostrelecké oddiely tankových divízií.


Komplet tvorilo :
- odpaľovacie zariadenie 9P113 n podvozku kolesového nákladného automobilu ZIL-135,
- neriadená raketa 9M21B na tuhé palivo s dostrelom 15 až 60 km.
9M21B mohla jadrovú hlavicu o mohutnosti 10 až 40 kt dopraviť na cieľ s presnosťou 300 m.



Zdroj : Štěpánek K.- Minařík P. Československá lidová armáda na Rýnu - NV Praha 2007

Transporter 9T29


Photo: own archive

Neriadené rakety 9M21Ф( 9M21F) sú určené k ničeniu živej sily, palebných prostriedkov, bojovej techniky a zbraní hromadného ničenia nepriateľa.


Raketa 9M21Ф sa skladá :
Raketový motor 9M21:
Hlavný motor – štartovací motor – rotačný motor – predná časť raketového motoru s elektrickým zariadením – koncový spínač,
Hlavica s trieštivo-trhavou náplňou 9H18Ф s nárazovým zapaľovačom 9Э29.


Aerodynamickú stabilizáciu rakety za letu zabezpečujú krídla stabilizátoru, upevnené medzi lištami na zadnej časti raketového motoru. Krídla stabilizátoru sú nastavené pod uhlom 1° k ose rakety. Pri streľbe na menšie vzdialenosti sa používajú brzdiace segmenty, ktoré sa upevňujú na trysky štartovacieho motoru.


Raketa sa odpaľuje z raketnice odpaľovacieho zariadenia s príslušným námerom pre určitú diaľku streľby. Za letu sa raketa otáča a to v počiatočnej fázi pôsobením rotačného motoru a ďalej potom vplyvom prúdu vzduchu, pôsobiaceho na šikmo nastavené krídla stabilizátoru.


K ukladaniu a preprave rakiet 9M21Ф a raketových motorov 9M21 je určený kontajner 9Я616 .


Pre bojové použitie raket je určený komplet 9K52, ktorý sa skladá okrem rakiet z :
Odpaľovacie zariadenie ( OZ ) 9P113 na automobile ZIL-135LM – bojové kolesové vozidlo, na ktorom je umiestnený žeriav pre nabíjanie OZ a špeciálnu časť, určená k preprave, zamiereniu na cieľ, ku kontrole před odpálením rakety a k odpáleniu rakety.
Prepravník 9T29 na automobile ZIL-135LM – je určený pre prepravu troch rakiet a môže byť tiž použitý pre spojovanie hlavice s raketovým motorom.
Letiskový prepravník 9T111 – je určený pre leteckú prepravu, ukladanie a vnútornú prepravu pri raketových základniach a raketových utvaroch.
Súprava 9T53 pre technické ošetrovanie ,
Meteorologický radiolokátor PB3-1 „ Proba“ s vozidlom,
Automobilový žeriav 9T31 pre prekladanie rakiet.


Hlavné technické údaje :
Doba činnosti :
- hlavného motoru : 6 – 12 sek.,
- štartovacieho motoru : 0,22 b- 0,44 sek.
- rotačného motoru : 0,3 – 0,5 sek.


Vonkajší povrch rakety je natrený šedou farbou so šablónovaním čiernou farbou ( popisky).
Rozmery v mm :
Priemer motoru : 544
Rozpätie krídiel stabilizátoru : 1700
Dĺžka rakety : 8960


Hmotnosť v kg :
- rakety pred odpálením : 2450
- hlavice : 420
- prachových náplní : hlavný motor 1090 / štartovací motor 40 / rotačný motor 13


Preprava rakiet :
- automobilom do vzdialenosti 2000 km : komunikácia 60 km/hod. / poľná cesta do 40 km/hod. ú terén do 20 km/hod.,
- vzduchom : Vojenské dopravné lietadlá AN-8, AN-12, vrtulník Mi-6,
- po železnici na štvornápravových vagónoch nosnosti 57 – 63 t.



Zdroj : Del/D-21-1 Komplet 9K52 Rakety 9M21Ф, 9M21 Е – predpis ČSLA, Praha 1969

Zopár fotiek odpaľovacieho zariadenia 9P113 with the racket 9M21 (own photo).

P.With.: Can sa is currently zohnať a literatúra to this OZ (technical description, diagram of the electric, hydraulic zariadenia, and so similar)?.

Zopár fotiek odpaľovacieho zariadenia 9P113 s raketou 9M21 (vlastné foto).

Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineers and Signal Corps, St. Petersburg, Russia, 2009
9T29 Transporter (ZIL-135) carrying and 9M21 missile for a 9K52 Luna-M missile complex.