AMX-30B

     
Název:
Name:
AMX-30B AMX-30B
Originální název:
Original Name:
AMX-30B
Kategorie:
Category:
hlavní bojový tank main battle tank
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.MM.1966-DD.MM.1982 Atelier de Construction de Roanne [konečná montáž / final assembly], Roanne /
DD.MM.1974-DD.MM.1983 Empresa Nacional Santa Bárbara de Industrias Militares SA [konečná montáž / final assembly], Alcalá de Guadaíra /
Období výroby:
Production Period:
DD.MM.1966-DD.MM.1983
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
asi 2000
Prototyp vyroben:
Prototype Built:
DD.MM.1960
Osádka:
Crew:
4
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Bojová hmotnost:
Combat Weight:
36000 kg 79366 lb
Délka s kanónem dopředu:
Length with Gun Forward:
9480 mm 31 ft 1 ¼ in
Délka korby:
Hull Length:
6590 mm 21 ft 7 ½ in
Celková šířka:
Overall Width:
3100 mm 10 ft 2 in
Celková výška:
Overall Height:
2860 mm 9 ft 4 ⅝ in
Světlá výška:
Ground Clearance:
450 mm 1 ft 5 ¾ in
Šířka pásu:
Track Width:
570 mm 1 ft 10 ½ in
Měrný tlak:
Ground Pressure:
0,77 MPa 111.68 psi
Pancéřování:
Armour:
Korba
Čelní pancíř: 79 mm
Boční stěny korby: 57 mm
Zadní stěna korby: 30 mm
Strop korby: 20 mm
Dno korby: 20 mm


Věž
Čelo věže : 81 mm
Boky věže: 42 mm
Zadní stěna věže: 50 mm
Strop věže: 20 mm


Hull
Front Armor: 3,11in
The side walls of the bucket: 2,24in
The rear wall of the bucket: 1,18in
Ceiling Hull: 0,79in
Hull Bottom: 0,79in


Tower
The face of the tower: 3,19in
The sides of the tower: 1,65in
The rear wall of the tower: 1,97in
The ceiling of the tower: 0,79in
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Typ:
Type:
vodou chlazený přeplňovaný vícepalivový motor Hispano – Suiza HS 110
- počet válců: 12


water-cooled turbo multifuel engine Hispano - Suiza HS 110
- cylinder number: 12


Výkon:
Power:
536 kW při 2000 ot/min 718.8 bhp at 2000 rpm
Převodové ústrojí:
Transmission:
Mechanická převodovka 5SD-200D s 5 rychlostními stupni pro jízdu vpřed a 1 vzad.


Manual transmission 5SD-200D with 5 gears forward and 1 reverse.


Výkony:
Performance:
 
Rychlost na silnici:
Road Speed:
65 km/h 40 mph
Rychlost v terénu:
Cross-country Speed:
45 km/h 28 mph
Jízdní dosah po silnici:
Cruising Range on Road:
600 km 373 mi
Jízdní dosah v terénu:
Cross-country Cruising Range:
450 km 280 mi
Překonávání překážek:
Obstacles Crossing:
 
Svah:
Gradient:
27 ° 60 %
Boční náklon:
Side Slope:
14 ° 30 %
Překročivost:
Trench Crossing:
2,9 m 114 in
Výstupnost:
Vertical Obstacle:
0,93 m 37 in
Brodivost:
Fording Depth:
1,3 m 51 in
Výzbroj:
Armament:
 
Hlavní:
Main:
Kanón GIAT CN-105 F-1 ráže 105 mm
vezený palebný průměr 47 ks nábojů.


Cannon GIAT CN-105 F-1 caliber 105 mm diameter carried by firing 47 cartridges.


Vedlejší:
Secondary:
Kulomet ráže 12,7 mm spřažený s kanónem, vezený palebný průměr 480 ks nábojů (u prvních verzí tanku AMX-30).


Rychlopalný kanón GIAT M693 ráže 20 mm spřažený s hlavním kanónem, vezený palebný průměr 480 ks nábojů.


Protiletadlový kulomet FN1 ráže 7,62 mm, vezený palebný průměr 2070 nábojů.


2x2 zadýmovací granátomet ráže 80 mm.


Machine gun 12.7 mm caliber cannon with a coaxial, prison firing an average 480 cartridges (the first version of the tank AMX-30)


Rapid-fire cannon GIAT M693 20mm coaxial with the main gun, prison firing an average 480 cartridges


Anti-aircraft machine gun 7.62 mm FN1, prisons mean firing 2070 rounds


2x2 smoke generator caliber 80 mm grenade launcher



Uživatelské státy:
User States:
(1 355)
(190)
(52)
(42)
(84 + 4 AMX-30D)
(21)
(290 AMX-30S)
(64)
(24 AMX-30S)
(19 + 280 AMX-30E)
(1 355)
(190)
(52)
(42)
(84 + 4 AMX-30D)
(21)
(290 AMX-30S)
(64)
(24 AMX-30S)
(19 + 280 AMX-30E)
Poznámka:
Note:
Brodivost:
- s přípravou 2,27
- s nástavcem pro hluboké brodění 4,0


Objem palivové soustavy: 920 l
Měrný výkon: 14,92 kW/t


Fording Depth:
- preparation 2.27
- with extension for deep wading 4.0


Fuel system: 920 l
Specific power: 14.92 kW/t


Zdroje:
Sources:
Ing. Miloš Soukup Moderní vojenská technika Tanky 1. díl, vydala Military System Line s.r.o jako druhé nezměněné vydání v roce 1999, ISBN 80-85960-00-1.
Christopher F. Foss: Jane′s Tanky - Příručka pro rozpoznávání, vydalo nakladatelství Jan Vašut, první české vydání v roce 2000 ISBN 80-7236-079-5
Chris Bishop - Velká encyklopedie Moderní vojenské zbraně, vydalo nakladatelství Svojtka v roce 2004 jako první české vydání, ISBN 80-7237-863-5
Christopher Chant: Encyklopedie tanků, vydalo nakladatelství MUSTANG s.r.o jako první vydání v Plzni 1997, ISBN 80-7191-226-3
Roger Ford – Nejslavnější tanky od roku 1916 do současnosti, vydalo nakladatelství Václav Svojtka v roce 1998 v Praze, jako první české vydání, ISBN 80-7237-039-1
Časopis Tanky - kolekce pancéřových vozidel č.2 vydaný roce 2007 redakcí PRESS-PYGMALION v Českém Těšíně
www.onwar.com
https://mainbattletanks.czweb.org/Tanky/amx30.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMX-30
www.inetres.com
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMX-30
https://www.army-guide.com/eng/product146.html
URL : https://www.valka.cz/AMX-30B-t565#404550 Version : 0
AMX-30 (medium tank)

Development

The French medium tank AMX-30 is considered a first generation tank. The shape and technology is similar to the German tank LEOPARD 1 or Russian T-62. The AMX-30 tank was one of the lightest medium tanks in the world at the time. For a very long time, it was the basic tank in the armament of the armored units of the French army.
The development of the tank began in the mid-fifties of the last century and the project was entrusted to the design office Atelier de Constructions d´ Issy - les - Moulineaux. The tank project was part of a joint development program of France, Germany and Italy. The aim of the project was to develop a new tank to replace American tanks M47, delivered from USA as part of the Mutual Defense Aid Program (MDAP) at the turn of the 1940s and 1950s. Each of the participating countries was to develop a prototype of its tank, and on the basis of tests and tenders, the winning type was to be introduced into the armament of all three armies. However, the joint project disintegrated for political reasons (France withdrew from NATO in 1963) and the parties decided to introduce each of their own types into service. France tank AMX-30 and Germany tank LEOPARD 1. Italy, which did not submit its prototype to the tender and waited for the result of the competition, was forced by circumstances to buy a license for the production of an American tank M60A1 and later a German tank LEOPARD 1. The first two prototypes of the AMX-30 were produced in 1960. The tank was included in the armament of the French army in 1965. Serial production began in 1966 at the plant of Atelier de Construction Roanne. By 1982, about 2,000 AMX-30 tanks were produced. About half of this amount was taken by the French army and the rest was exported abroad. For the needs of the Spanish army, the AMX-30 has been manufactured under license in Spain since 1974.

Tower and body

The tank is characterized by a relatively low silhouette, rounded, tortoiseshell-like shape of the tower, not very typical for tanks of Western construction. The hull of the tank is welded from rolled armor plates. The frontal armor is inclined and in the upper part passes into the flat ceiling of the hull. The driver's compartment is located in the left front part of the hull. The tank tower is made of cast armor and is located in the middle of the hull. It is equipped with a 105 mm cannon. In the right part of the tower is the station of the commander and gunner, in the left part of the charger. On the side of the charger, there is an opening in the tower for refilling ammunition and for ejecting empty cartridges after a shot. In the right part of the tower ceiling, the TOP7 command tower consists of ten periscopes located around its perimeter. It is equipped with a one-piece hatch and mount for an anti-aircraft machine gun caliber 7.62 mm. In front of the turret is an armored cover of the commander's periscope. At the rear of the tower on both sides are located two smoke grenade launchers. On the side walls of the tower are welded baskets for various equipment and crew equipment. The engine compartment is located in the rear of the body. The exhausts are located on the fenders above the drive wheels on both sides of the tank.

Tank armor protection

Korba
Frontal armor: 79 mm
Body side walls: 57 mm
Rear wall of the body: 30 mm
Body ceiling: 20 mm
Body bottom: 20 mm

Tower
Tower front: 81 mm
Tower sides: 42 mm
Rear wall of the tower: 50 mm
Tower ceiling: 20 mm

The armored protection of the AMX-30 tank is generally considered weak. Protects the crew from bullets from small arms, small arms and shrapnel from artillery shells.According to experts in tank technology, however, even the frontal armor is not able to withstand most types of current anti-tank missiles.

Chassis, engine and transmission

The chassis of the tank consists of five wheels on both sides of the hull, suspended by torsion bars. The first four wheels are arranged in pairs in two-wheel bogies, the last is suspended separately. The first and last travel wheel is equipped with a hydraulic damper. The drive wheel is at the rear and the tensioner at the front. The upper branch of the running gear consists of five support rollers on both sides of the body. The track has 83 links, weighs 1580 kg and is 570 mm wide. The length of the contact area between the belt and the terrain is 4,120 mm.

The tank is powered by a 12-cylinder water-cooled supercharged multi-fuel engine Hispano - Suiza HS 110 with an output of 536 kW at 2000 rpm. The engine can use petrol, diesel or a mixture of petroleum derivatives and alcohol as fuel, which significantly eliminates fuel supply problems during a possible war.
The engine of the tank provides relatively good maneuverability, but the tanks of the first production series were characterized by high failure rates. It was designed so that it could be replaced in the field by three trained mechanics in 45 minutes.
In 1974, a turbine engine of the GT 601 type was tested in one prototype of the AMX-30 tank. However, only one prototype remained and no further expansion of the production of this engine took place.

The propulsion system refueling consists of an automatic, eccentric, main clutch, mechanical transmission type 5SD-200D with 5 gears for forward and 1 reverse and triple differentials. In order to increase the torque, the drive wheels are equipped with double side transmissions. Gearboxes are made up of spur and planetary gearboxes.

Main armament and ammunition

The main armament of the tank consists of a GIAT CN-105 F-1 105 mm cannon, with a grooved bore barrel, made of magnesium alloy, with a thermal insulation shell and a length of 56 calibers. The cannon is not stabilized. It is equipped with a locking wedge with vertical movement. The brake return device consists of two hydraulic recoil brakes and a pneumatic gate. The elevation of the cannon ranges from -8 degrees to +20 degrees. The measurement of the whole tower is then 360 degrees. The drive of rotation of the tower and aiming of the cannon is provided by the hydraulic system CH-27-1S, which is able to rotate the tower around the axis (360 degrees) in 12 seconds.

The cannon uses ammunition of the type:

HE (High Explosive) - fragmentation projectile

HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) - cumulative projectile with rotary or arrow stabilization
This missile weighs 10.95 kg for the AMX-30 tank and leaves the barrel of the cannon at a muzzle velocity of 1000 m/s. The cumulative warhead is located inside the projectile and is equipped with a ball bearing, which reduces the rotation speed that the projectile gains when passing through the grooved bore of the barrel. This results in an increase in the cumulative effect of the projectile beam. The missile is thus able to pierce the perpendicular impact on the target armor with a thickness of 400 mm at a distance of 3,000 m.

APFSDS (Amor-Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot) - anti-armored sub-caliber arrow stabilized missile with tracer
This type of projectile was introduced in the AMX-30 tank since 1981. The total weight of the projectile is 5.8 kg. The barrel leaves a steel projectile with a tungsten core in the shape of an arrow with a diameter of 26 mm and a weight of 3.8 kg at a muzzle velocity of 1,525 m/s. After hitting the target, it can pierce armor with an inclination of 60 degrees from a vertical with a thickness of 150 mm at a distance of 5,000 m.

In addition, the cannon can fire lighting or smoke missiles (type PH-105-F1). It can also use ammunition used by German tanks LEOPARD 1 or American tanks M60.
Driven firing range is 47 pieces of 105 mm caliber ammunition for the cannon with which 19 pieces are stored in the lower part of the tower and the remaining 28 pieces in the right front of the hull next to the driver's area.

Additional armaments and ammunition

For the first versions of the AMX-30 tank, the additional armament consisted of a 12.7 mm machine gun coupled with a 105 mm main cannon. Later it was replaced by a rapid-fire cannon GIAT M693 caliber 20 mm. In the case of arming the tank with this machine gun is a firing diameter of 1050 rounds of 12.7 mm caliber.

Additional armament of the tank consists of a rapid-fire cannon GIAT M693 caliber 20 mm coupled with the main cannon. It is used to destroy lightly armored enemy vehicles, or low-flying targets and is equipped with a two-way ammunition supply system. This system consists of storing two types of ammunition, each in its own belt on either side of the cannon end. This allows the shooter to select and deliver ammunition to the conclusion according to the nature of the target just fired. Its rate of fire is up to 7,000 rounds per minute and the independent elevation ranges from -8 degrees to +40 degrees. A separate elevation of up to +40 degrees allows the blasting of enemy helicopters in particular. The cannon is operated by a tank commander or gunner.

Uses two types of ammunition:

API (Amor-Piercing Incendiary) - anti-tank incendiary charge
HEI (High Explosive Incendiary) - charge with a combined shattering and inflammatory effect

Driven firing range is 480 rounds of 20 mm caliber.

On the command tower is mounted anti-aircraft machine gun FN1 caliber 7.62 mm designed to destroy the enemy's manpower and low-flying targets. It is controlled by the commander. Driven firing range is 2070 rounds of 7.62 mm caliber.

On both sides of the rear of the tower are a pair of smoke grenade launchers caliber 80 mm, designed to quickly and covertly leave the battlefield. Smoke grenades of the AFR FUM 80F1 type were used until the end of the 1970s, and more modern grenades of the AFR FUM VIR G2 type began to be used in the early 1980s.

Optical instruments

The AMX-30 tank does not have an integrated fire control system or a cannon stabilizer. It is basically equipped only with optical devices designed to conduct fire. This significantly reduces the effectiveness of shooting, especially when moving.

At the command tower on the ceiling of the tower there is a panoramic aiming periscope of the commander type M-270 SOPELEM, equipped with a branch for day surveillance M267 with ten times magnification and a branch for night surveillance OB-23A with four times magnification.
The commander's station is also equipped with an optical rangefinder M208 with a range of 600 to 3,500 m. The command tower then has around its perimeter located ten permanent panoramic periscopes.

The shooter has an optical sight M271 with eight times magnification and a range of 2000 m. For operation at night or in reduced visibility, the shooter can install an infrared sight OB-17A with a magnification of 5.4x, which works in conjunction with the reflector PH-8- B, emitting in the infrared band. The reflector is able to work in the visible light zone and is mounted to the left of the anti-aircraft machine gun. The effective range of the sight at night is from 800 to 1,000 m. Furthermore, the shooter's station is equipped with two permanent panoramic periscopes.

The charger station is equipped with two permanent panoramic periscopes.

The tank driver has three permanent panoramic periscopes at his disposal. In the case of night movement, the middle periscope can be replaced by an active infrared device SOPEL OB-16-A.

Crew survival systems

The tank is equipped with a pressure filter ventilation device against WMD and an automatic fire-fighting device. It is able to wade to a depth of 1.3 m without preparation, with preparation to a depth of 2.27 m and with an extension for deep wading to a depth of 4 m.







Sources:

Ing. Miloš Soukup Modern Military Technology Tanks 1st part, published by Military System Line s.r.o as the second unchanged edition in 1999, ISBN 80-85960-00-1.

Christopher F.Foss: Jane's Tanks - A Handbook for Recognition, published by Jan Vašut, first Czech edition in 2000 ISBN 80-7236-079-5

Chris Bishop - The Great Encyclopedia of Modern Military Weapons, published by Svojtka in 2004 as the first Czech edition, ISBN 80-7237-863-5

Christopher Chant: Encyclopedia of Tanks, published by MUSTANG s.r.o as the first edition in Pilsen 1997, ISBN 80-7191-226-3

Roger Ford - The most famous tanks from 1916 to the present, published by Václav Svojtka in 1998 in Prague, as the first Czech edition, ISBN 80-7237-039-1

Tanky magazine - collection of armored vehicles No.2 published in 2007 by PRESS-PYGMALION in Český Těšín

www.onwar.com
https://mainbattletanks.czweb.org/Tanky/amx30.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMX-30
www.inetres.com
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMX-30
https://www.army-guide.com/eng/product146.html
URL : https://www.valka.cz/AMX-30B-t565#312912 Version : 0
AMX-30:
AMX-30B -


AMX-30B -


AMX-30B -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/AMX-30B-t565#140400 Version : 0
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