Název: Name: | KRTP-86 Tamara | |
Originální název: Original Name: | KRTP-86 Tamara | |
Kategorie: Category: | pasivní sledovací systém | |
Výrobce: Producer: | Tesla, s.p. Pardubice, Pardubice / | |
Období výroby: Production Period: | DD.MM.1986-DD.MM.1991 | |
Vyrobeno kusů: Number of Produced: | 23 | |
Prototyp vyroben: Prototype Built: | DD.MM.1984 ? | |
Obsluha: Crew: | ? | |
Složení: Composition: | střední stanoviště / central workplace - střední anténní stožár HAC / HAC central antenna mast: Tatra 815 VP 13 32 265 8x8.1R - přijímací pracoviště KC / KC receiver workplace: Tatra 815 VPR8 20 235 6x6.1R + skříňová karoserie VOSK / + VOSK shelter - vyhodnocovací pracoviště KM / KM evaluation workplace: Tatra 815 VPR8 20 235 6x6.1R + skříňová karoserie VOSK / + VOSK shelter - zobrazovací pracoviště ZZP-4 / ZZP-4 displaying workplace: Tatra 815 VPR8 20 235 6x6.1R + skříňová karoserie VOSK / + VOSK shelter 2x boční stanoviště / 2x side workplace - 2x boční anténní stožár HAB / 2x HAB side antenna mast: 2x Tatra 815 VP 13 32 265 8x8.1R - 2x boční přijímací pracoviště KB / 2x KB side receiver workplace: 2x Tatra 815 VPR8 20 235 6x6.1R + skříňová karoserie VOSK / + VOSK shelter | |
Uživatelské státy: User States: | 1) ( ?) | |
Poznámka: Note: | kódové označení NATO: Trash Can 1) KRTP-91 Tamara-M | |
Zdroje: Sources: | - |
A vehicle designed for radio-technical reconnaissance of air and ground targets. The Tamara passive surveillance system consists of three receiving stations on Tatra 815 VP 13 32 265 8×8.1R chassis and five control and evaluation vehicles with VOSK containers on Tatra 815 VPR8 20 235 6×6.1R chassis.
A total of 23 searchers were produced, 21 of which were delivered to users between 1987 and 1991. Two of the searchlights produced were never sold.
The principle of Tamara's operation is the time-domain hyperbolic method. This consists of measuring the time delay of a signal through two lateral stations. The received signals are then transmitted to the central station where the delay of the signals from the side stations is then measured against the signal picked up at the central station.
A single pulse is received from the target at three receiving sites and the specific coordinates of the target can be determined from the time differences caused by the signal arriving via three different paths according to a given geometric configuration.
The KRTP-86 was able to simultaneously track up to 70 targets (24 radar-enabled targets and 48 targets with a functioning identification system[/i]), automatically determine their location, and had a received frequency band of 0.8 to 1.8 GHz. The range was up to 450 km.
Users.
Technical and tactical data
Antenna carrier
Payload weight: 28 200 kg
Dimensions:
- Length: 12 980 mm
- width: 2 500 mm
- Height over sail: 3 700 mm
- wheelbase: 1 650 mm + 2 970 mm + 1 450 mm
Maximum speed: 50 km/h
Approach angle:
- Front: 30°
- Rear: 19°
Control and evaluation vehicles
Permissible total weight: 21 000 kg
Curb (?) weight: 10 600 kg
Dimensions:
- Length: 8 350 mm
- Width: 2 500 mm
- height: 3 650 mm
- Clearance: 410 mm
- wheelbase: 3 270 mm + 1 450 mm
Engine:
- Type: Tatra T3-930-31
- capacity: 19 000 ccm
- maximum power: 235 kW at 2 200 rpm
Maximum speed: 80 km/h
One searcher Tamara was also introduced into the armament of the former East German NVA. Between February and May 1989, the operators underwent training in Czechoslovakia, and from June 1990 the system was put into operational use at the Funkaufklärungszentrale Nord located in the Rüggow area. After the unification of Germany, the Bundeswehr took over the system and began to carry out (as well as all NVA techniques) its own tests in order to determine whether the former equipment of the communist NVA could be introduced into its armaments.
In the end, the decision was made to keep Tamara in the armament of the German army, and therefore the system was "westernized". The first action in which the modified searcher participated was the exercise of Central Enterprise 97. Together with the MiG-29, Tamara was the only NVA system that the Bundeswehr permanently introduced into its arsenal.
The last user of the KRTP-86 set was the 912 Electronic Combat Command Battalion deployed in the Nienburg/Weser crew. In 2010, the German Tamara was decommissioned from the Bundeswehr and subsequently transferred to the collections of the Berlin-Gatow Aviation Museum.
Photos used with permission Manfred Bischoff
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V barvách Bundeswehru na základně Großenbrode
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Ve výzbroji NVA na stanovišti Rüggow
Device intended to radiotechnickému survey of aerial and ground targets. A passive tracking system Tamara consists of three receiving stations on chassis T-815 VP 13 32 265 8x8.1R and five management and evaluation of vehicles with containers of WAX on the chassis T-815 VPR8 20 235 6x6.1R.
The total was made 23 the searchers, of which 21 were in the range of years 1987 to 1991 delivered to users. Two of the manufactured searchers were never sold.
The principle of operation Tamara is časoměrná hyperbolic method. This consists in measuring the time delay of the signal to the two side post. The received signals are then transmitted to the central workplace, where they then measured the delay of signals from the lateral habitats compared to the signal captured on the middle post.
One impetus is from the goals adopted at the three entrance stations, and from timing differences, which arise from the fact that the signal comes in three different paths according to a given geometric configuration can determine the specific coordinates of the destination.
Users: Czechoslovakia (4 pieces), USSR (15 pieces), Oman (1 piece, seeker had allegedly end up in the US), the GDR / FRG (1 piece)
Technical-tactical data
the Antenna carrier
Curb weight: 28 200 kg
Dimensions:
- length: 12 980 mm
- width: 2 500 mm
- height over the tarp: 3 700 mm
- wheelbase: 1 650 mm + 2 970 mm + 1 450 mm
Maximum speed: 50 km/h
Approach angle:
- front: 30°
- rear: 19°
the Control and evaluation cars
Permissible total weight: 21 000 kg
Emergency (?) weight: 10 600 kg
Dimensions:
- length: 8 350 mm
- width: 2 500 mm
- height: 3 650 mm
- ground clearance: 410 mm
- the wheelbase: 3 270 mm + 1 450 mm
Engine:
- type: Tatra T3-930-31
- volume: 19 000 ccm
- maximum output: 235 kW at 2 200 rev/min
Maximum speed: 80 km/h.
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...a ZZP-4
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...KM,...
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Systém Tamara mimo jiné tvořily kontejnery KC,...
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moldava
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(ATM)
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(ATM)
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Jedno z vozidel systému vyfocené v areálu pardubicke firmy ERA.
Pardubice 5.2.2008.
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zdroj: vlastní archív
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zdroj: vlastní archív
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Foceno tamtéž o pár dní později.
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zdroj: vlastní archív
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Zdroj: https://www.tatra.cz/en/down/vojaci_EN.indd.pdf
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TAMARA v akci
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Sources
commons.wikimedia.org
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KRTP-86 Tamara na podvozku Tatra 815 ve vojenském muzeu Lešany
The set consisted of 3 T-815 8x8 cars with a telescopic antenna and 2 more workplaces for each T-815 6x6 and UAZ and V3S supply cars. Each division developed to the top of the hill in the shape of a triangle with a side length of about 30 km. I personally liked that after arriving modellers to control the flying models) with a connected cable performed a complete setup of the system - erection of the antenna, support of the car and activation of the device. It was said that it was possible to work without a crew.
It may not stand out so well in the photos from Lešany, but the T-815 8x8 car was so overloaded with the equipment that we still had problems in the field. It had a small chassis clearance for where to scratch it. Climbing the steep hills near Prešov was a horror. And the blade in the front was still obstructing. The UAZ was driving in front and was looking for a way to drive it. The car was still quite tilted backwards, and the rear of the body often caught on the asphalt.
Rather in the lineup was to be VT-55A: D
At that time, professional soldiers were quite proud of Tamara, and even in the evenings in the car park they were still inventing something there.
It went into the field a few times and then they were so afraid of it that it was only in the barracks.
At that time it did not occur to me to take a picture - pity: cry:
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Zapomněl jsem napsat 2 x provozně aktivních ,o uloženkách se vědělo ,ale už se nevzpomenu na jméno kasáren kde byli zbývající.
Čas od času vídám ve městě bývalého tech.velitele obsluhy Tamary z časů v Prešově, ale je to už lidská troska a alkoholem zničený človíček.Z něj už by ani KGB ani CIA nic nevytáhli.....
Beteer
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Zajímavé jsou fotografie Tamary v bojovém postavení Ruské armády u Soči.
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www.openphoto.com.ru
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Quote - karaco :
Jestli to chápu správně, pro zaměřovací funkci byly potřeba tři Tamary? Na co tedy bylo Německu jedno vozidlo?
Tu máš vysvetlený princíp činnosti od Ing. Petra Svobody


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Práce na tomto systému započaly v 50.letech a výsledkem byl PRP-1 KOPÁČ (tzv.korelační pátrač), zavadený do pužívání ČSLA již v roce 1963. Ten byl primárně určen ke zjišťování a sledování nepřátelských center velení, důležitých spojovacích a radiotechnických uzlů nepřítele v jeho hlubokém týlu.
Pokračováním pak byly KRTP-81 RAMONA a zde uvedená KRTP-86 TAMARA. Jejich význam byl v tom, že byly již také mimo jiné určeny ke zjišťování a sledování vzdušných cílů. Prostředků RAMONA a TAMARA (zejména však RAMONA) bylo v počtu několika desítek kusů dodáno do zahraničí, zejména do SSSR.
Posledním vývojovým typem tohoto zařízení, vyráběným u nás je PSS (Pasívní sledovací systém)VĚRA. Jedná se o velmi výkonný systém, samozřejmě díky možnosti použití špičkové elektroniky, hlavně výpočetní techniky. Systém byl celkově zjednodušen a odlehčen, zejména jednotlivé stanice příjmu signálu. Ty jsou velmi lehkého typu, jsou umístěny na vlečených přívěsech společně s energetickými zdroji a je možné je dopravit na požadovaná místa pomocí jakéhokoli vozidla ( podle náročnosti terénu).
Pokud se týká USA, tak ty zakoupily od nás jednu kompletní soupravu TAMARA, ale spíš se již jednalo o PSS VĚRA. Zařízení je využíváno zejména pro vývoj a konstrukci technologií "stealth", zejména tomu bylo v případě letounů F-22 Raptor a F-35.
PSS VĚRA existuje i v civilním provedení, jako prostředk ŘLP na velkých mezinárodních letištích, zejména je úspěšně nasazován jako záložní systém při úplných výpadcích elektrického proudu.
Obdobný systém vyrábí pouze Ukrajina a nabízí jej zákazníkům pod názvem KOLČUGA. Ten má údajně větší dosah než PSS VĚRA, ale není tak přesný.
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