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ARK-3 (Arctic-3, ARK-3-1, MP-2)
(Арктический-3, АРК-3-1, МП-2)
Soviet seaplane. The origins of the design of the aeroplane fall into the year 1934, first prototype flew in 1937. The plane has been used as for military purposes, especially in the baltic and the northern fleet, so for the purposes of civil in Aeroflot. The capacity of its civilian version was up to twelve passengers.
Creation In 1933 he began to Igor Vjačeslavovič Četverikov for the needs of the navy and the Glavsevmorputi (Главсевморпуть = main administration of the northern sea route) the design of a naval twin-engine remote reconnaissance machines, running at a speed of 300 km/h and with a range of up to 3,000 km. Marked endurance flight it should predetermine him to survey the ice, shipping routes and entire transport sector in the North. The proposal was approved, the money released and in connection with this work she was Even. In. Četverikovovi allocated a production base in Sevastopol, and his new OKB transferred from the GVF Civil air fleet - Гражданский воздушный флот (ГВФ) to the GUAP –Chief directorate of the aviation industry - Главное управление авиационной промышленности (ГУАП). Četverikov here he used his experience from the construction of aircraft for submarines and surface ships of the SPL and OSGA-1 from the turn of the 20th. and 30. years. The construction of the aircraft was completed at the beginning of 1936.
Design The ARK-3 was of mixed construction, the Design of the ship hull was made of metal according to the model MDR-3. Wooden wing (the profile of the MOS-27), the angle of its setting above the boat - 5°, the tail surfaces all-metal, cover all over the screen. A closed pilot's cabin, fitted with dual control, to provide space for two pilots, sitting next to each other and two gunners/observers in the open spine and a closed příďovém střelišti, Člunový the hull was slightly kýlový, two-stage, rear stage the shape of the irons carried the water rudder.
Wooden retractable floats were placed approximately in the middle of the span. The relatively tall pylon carrying the engine nacelle with a pair of tandem mounted radial engines in the arrangement of the tractor/pusher. The engines were fitted with annular covers Townend and drove the propeller you KNOW the type of the Hamilton-Standard of the domestic production.
Installation of two motors M-25 on a slender central uprights with thin struts shaped In a v (it was originally formed by a system of rungs and the uprights), it was pretty specific. The mass of the propulsion units was minimal, the protection of propellers against water spray decks was very good. The solution was found to be a good and very appropriate as for the location of two engines on a small plane.
The design peculiarity of the construction of the ARK-3 was the minimum outline dimensions of the aircraft and high reserves of strength, complying with the standard Ak - 5,5. In the plane it was very lightweight, and its weight was remarkably low.
Development and service Air and water tests were conducted in September 1936. The flight characteristics were assessed as for the boat plane excellent. There were also shortcomings, mostly when moving on the water surface: the lack of bow height the ship hull and the small power of the motor unit. Even the low wave height of 0.25 m already watered gear cabin, and the spray was getting into contact with the propeller.
The bow of the boat was very short and its width (1.7 m) relatively small. For takeoff it was sufficient, but originated here, the undesirable formation of water spray. The sum of the plane was certified good and it was decided to order his military variants with weaponry. In OKB this decision assumed, and so the second specimen with the designation of the ARK-3-2 started to build immediately after the first (which was retroactively designated ARK-3-1).
Dipping the bow of the hull into the water was greatly reduced by installing bumpers on the outor. Belts securing the drive units have been replaced by struts and the 25 of April of 1937 was on the ARK-3 - 1 established several international records – 2 speed and one in dostupu with a load of 1000 kg. The Pilot And The. In. Jeršov (А. В. Ершов) reached the height of 9190 m. Overall, the order was placed for five aircraft, whose production was immediately started.
14. July 1937 was the prototype ARK-3-1 destroyed in an accident caused by structural failure, when after a hard landing broke off the gondola engines and the pilot was killed, the ARK-3-2 was destroyed by the same causes exactly one year later, whereupon he was to the entire program cancelled.
Version
ARK-3-1 the first prototype ARK-3, přeznačený steps after ordering the prototype of the second
ARK-3-2 the second prototype ARK-3, equipped with more powerful engine M-25A, a longer fuselage, a manually otáčeným nose barbette and the dorsal sliding cover range and with an enlarged depth of the wings
ARK-3 MP2 the designation 5 of the serial machines and the original designation of the first prototype
Dobová zpráva o dosažení rekordu. V kabině pilot Jeršov.
Pramen - Letectví, XVII. ročník, červenec 1937, str. 309
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