the Hawker Hurricane - an overview of the versions:
F.36/34 Interceptor Monoplane
The fighter prototype, designed by Sidney Cammem according to the specifications F.36/34 and free follow-up on previous biplane the Hawker Fury. The first take-off was 6. November 1935 and in June 1936 was ordered into serial production as the Hawker Hurricane.
Hurricane Mk.I
The first production version, with all-metal construction, but the wings coated canvas and a wooden two-blade propeller. The first series was powered by an engine Rolls-Royce Merlin II 768 kW, approximately from the middle of the second series engine was replaced by a Merlin III with about the same power. The armament consisted of eight 7.7 mm machine guns in the wings. License production also took place in Yugoslavia and Belgium (where they were completed just three machines and only two of them were letushopné; armed with were four 12.6 mm machine guns Browning). Machines the later british series were also three adjustable propeller Rotol or de Havilland and cloth cover, of the wings was replaced by a metal plate, was followed by armoring the cockpit and there have been other smaller changes.
Hurricane PR Mk.I
Desperate need fotoprůzkumných machines in the Middle and Far east led to the reconstruction of a smaller number of Hurricanes. The first were modified in the workshops in the egyptian Heliopolis, and could carry two or three cameras in the fuselage behind the wing. Due to the small range was a short-term solution, and the reconnaissance Hurricanes were usually replaced immediately, as soon as they were available more suitable machines.
the Hurricane Mk.IIA Series 1
This version was basically a Hurricane And featured a more modern engine, the Merlin XX. First flew 11. June 1940 and in service with the RAF he got in September.
the Hurricane Mk.IIA Series 2
A later series of Mk.IIA, delivered from October 1940. These machines had slightly strengthened fuselage and wings, able to carry two 44 gal drop tanks due to the extension of the yet the wrong range.
Hurricane Mk.IIB
Version attending to the units from may 1941, with a new wing capable of carrying a total of 12 Browning machine guns and křídelními curtains for two 250 lb bombs or drop tanks. At the end of the year 1941 have been adjusted for a 500-lb bombs and their main task became attacks against light ground targets, which they have earned the nickname "Hurribomber".
Hurricane Mk.IIC
The most common variant, in production since June 1941 and distinctive new outer panels of the wings with four 20mm cannon Hispano or Oerlikon. As well as Mk.IIB used on a wide variety of tasks from the night prosecution (due to the absence of radar, mainly in the form of "hunting" on returning to the German machines over letišťmi in France, few machines but he carried the radar AI Mk.In podvěšený under the wing) after the attacks on the lightly armoured ground vehicles using cannons and bombs. To the classical the prosecution were no longer appropriate, due to worse performance caused by the weight of the cannon.
Hurricane T Mk.IIC
Two training conversions after the war one or two machines rebuilt for the Persian air force.
the Hurricane Mk.IID
The need for a larger caliber has led to the location of the two 40mm cannons under the wings, in the wings remained only two brownings with trasovacím ammunition. The first prototype of this purely battle version took off 18. September 1941 and deliveries started at the beginning of the following year. First with the machine had two 40mm canons of the Rolls-Royce BF (Belt Feed), later received Vickers With drum mags. In addition to one squadron in the Uk to serve the "can openers" primarily in Egypt and North Africa.
Hurricane Mk.IIE
The further development of the created this version, which got a universal wing, capable of accommodating most of the so far used equipment. After the first series, the designation changed to Hurricane Mk.IV.
Hurricane PR Mk.II
As with the Mk.Also, in Burma and in the Middle east was in 1942 converted a small amount of machinery of all subversion for exploratory purposes. Armament was usually removed and replaced with auxiliary fuel tanks and the fuselage were built different cameras. They were also usually at the earliest opportunity replaced.
Hurricane Mk.III
Backup version, designed for the case of lack of the original Merlin engines and using the license Merliny from the company Packard. At the time of the planned start-up of production showed that the supply from british producers are sufficiently stable and the backup version is not needed.
Hurricane Mk.IV
Originally the MK.IID, a ground attack version of the hurricane each wing, allowing podvěšení bombs, auxiliary fuel tanks or 40mm cannon, or eight unguided rockets SC-3. Common were such as combining and carrying drop tanks under one wing and missiles under a second. The aircraft also received additional armor, which gave him a characteristic angular shape of the cooler.
Hurricane Mk.In
Only in prototypes formed the third battle version, designed mainly for the Far east and using tropikalizovaý engine, the Merlin 32 with a four-blade propeller.
Hurricane Mk.X
Canadian license version, created on the basis of local production of the Mk.Also, differing but american engines of the Packard Merlin 28. Most of the machines produced was shipped to England.
Hurricane Mk.XI
Canadian license version similar to Mk.X, but differing instrumentation according to the requirements of the canadian air force. Some sources indicate the existence of subversion MK.XIB, but disagree with the different - perhaps using the engine Packard Merlin 29.
Hurricane Mk.XII
The canadian licensed version, the corresponding british Mk.II. Used the Merlin engine 29, by default, could carry bombs or 44gal drop tanks and armed was eight to twelve machine guns.Part of machines later, got four 20mm cannon. Are referred to the subversion of a, B and C, but not sure what exactly is different, perhaps the match the british subverzím, according to some sources, however, XIIA were Hurricanes Mk.XI, converted for Merlin engines 29.
Sea Hurricane
At the moment when started to be Hurricanes supplemented by more modern types, many of them adapted to the on-board tank for the surveillance of the convoys, flying the supplies to Russia or Malta. An overview of the naval version is in a separate topic.
FH.40 Slip Wing Hurricane
In 1942 she got a firm F.Hill & Sons available olétaný Hurricane, to verify the possibility of using odhazovatelného the upper wing (the concept of authenticated on their letounku Hillson Bi-Mono), which would serve to improve the dostupu and rate of climb, and at the same time, would contain the fuel tank, allowing a significant improvement in range. The wing should be using pyropatron odhazováno and should land on the parachute. The works were completed late, after tests on the base of RAF Sealand and then at Boscombe Down, the project was in the spring of 1944, stopped the machine and scrapped.
In addition to these main versions of the established number of field conversions of the Mk.II or Mk.XII in the Soviet union, involving a two-digit practice, for the guidance of artillery fire or armed with a mixture of Russian machine guns ŠVAK and UBK and rockets RS-82.
Source:
Jacobs, Peter. The Hawker Hurricane. Crowood Press, Ramsbury 1998. ISBN 1-86126-126-8.
Franks, Richard A. The Hawker Hurricane: a comprehensive Guide to the Modeller. SAM Publications, Bedford 1999. ISBN 0-9533465-1-X.
Bishop, Edward. Hurricane, Airlife Publishing, Shrewsbury 1986. ISBN 0-906393-62-0.
Mason, Francis K. Hawker Hurricane Described. Kookaburra Technical Publications, Dandegong, 1971.
Scutts, Jerry. Hurricane in action, In Action Well.1072, Squadron/Signal Publications, Carollton 1986. ISBN 0-89747-174-1.
www.jaapteeuwen.com
www.historyofwar.org
www.aviationearth.com
http://www.vectorsite.net/avhurr.html.
F.36/34 Interceptor Monoplane
The fighter prototype, designed by Sidney Cammem according to the specifications F.36/34 and free follow-up on previous biplane the Hawker Fury. The first take-off was 6. November 1935 and in June 1936 was ordered into serial production as the Hawker Hurricane.
Hurricane Mk.I
The first production version, with all-metal construction, but the wings coated canvas and a wooden two-blade propeller. The first series was powered by an engine Rolls-Royce Merlin II 768 kW, approximately from the middle of the second series engine was replaced by a Merlin III with about the same power. The armament consisted of eight 7.7 mm machine guns in the wings. License production also took place in Yugoslavia and Belgium (where they were completed just three machines and only two of them were letushopné; armed with were four 12.6 mm machine guns Browning). Machines the later british series were also three adjustable propeller Rotol or de Havilland and cloth cover, of the wings was replaced by a metal plate, was followed by armoring the cockpit and there have been other smaller changes.
Hurricane PR Mk.I
Desperate need fotoprůzkumných machines in the Middle and Far east led to the reconstruction of a smaller number of Hurricanes. The first were modified in the workshops in the egyptian Heliopolis, and could carry two or three cameras in the fuselage behind the wing. Due to the small range was a short-term solution, and the reconnaissance Hurricanes were usually replaced immediately, as soon as they were available more suitable machines.
the Hurricane Mk.IIA Series 1
This version was basically a Hurricane And featured a more modern engine, the Merlin XX. First flew 11. June 1940 and in service with the RAF he got in September.
the Hurricane Mk.IIA Series 2
A later series of Mk.IIA, delivered from October 1940. These machines had slightly strengthened fuselage and wings, able to carry two 44 gal drop tanks due to the extension of the yet the wrong range.
Hurricane Mk.IIB
Version attending to the units from may 1941, with a new wing capable of carrying a total of 12 Browning machine guns and křídelními curtains for two 250 lb bombs or drop tanks. At the end of the year 1941 have been adjusted for a 500-lb bombs and their main task became attacks against light ground targets, which they have earned the nickname "Hurribomber".
Hurricane Mk.IIC
The most common variant, in production since June 1941 and distinctive new outer panels of the wings with four 20mm cannon Hispano or Oerlikon. As well as Mk.IIB used on a wide variety of tasks from the night prosecution (due to the absence of radar, mainly in the form of "hunting" on returning to the German machines over letišťmi in France, few machines but he carried the radar AI Mk.In podvěšený under the wing) after the attacks on the lightly armoured ground vehicles using cannons and bombs. To the classical the prosecution were no longer appropriate, due to worse performance caused by the weight of the cannon.
Hurricane T Mk.IIC
Two training conversions after the war one or two machines rebuilt for the Persian air force.
the Hurricane Mk.IID
The need for a larger caliber has led to the location of the two 40mm cannons under the wings, in the wings remained only two brownings with trasovacím ammunition. The first prototype of this purely battle version took off 18. September 1941 and deliveries started at the beginning of the following year. First with the machine had two 40mm canons of the Rolls-Royce BF (Belt Feed), later received Vickers With drum mags. In addition to one squadron in the Uk to serve the "can openers" primarily in Egypt and North Africa.
Hurricane Mk.IIE
The further development of the created this version, which got a universal wing, capable of accommodating most of the so far used equipment. After the first series, the designation changed to Hurricane Mk.IV.
Hurricane PR Mk.II
As with the Mk.Also, in Burma and in the Middle east was in 1942 converted a small amount of machinery of all subversion for exploratory purposes. Armament was usually removed and replaced with auxiliary fuel tanks and the fuselage were built different cameras. They were also usually at the earliest opportunity replaced.
Hurricane Mk.III
Backup version, designed for the case of lack of the original Merlin engines and using the license Merliny from the company Packard. At the time of the planned start-up of production showed that the supply from british producers are sufficiently stable and the backup version is not needed.
Hurricane Mk.IV
Originally the MK.IID, a ground attack version of the hurricane each wing, allowing podvěšení bombs, auxiliary fuel tanks or 40mm cannon, or eight unguided rockets SC-3. Common were such as combining and carrying drop tanks under one wing and missiles under a second. The aircraft also received additional armor, which gave him a characteristic angular shape of the cooler.
Hurricane Mk.In
Only in prototypes formed the third battle version, designed mainly for the Far east and using tropikalizovaý engine, the Merlin 32 with a four-blade propeller.
Hurricane Mk.X
Canadian license version, created on the basis of local production of the Mk.Also, differing but american engines of the Packard Merlin 28. Most of the machines produced was shipped to England.
Hurricane Mk.XI
Canadian license version similar to Mk.X, but differing instrumentation according to the requirements of the canadian air force. Some sources indicate the existence of subversion MK.XIB, but disagree with the different - perhaps using the engine Packard Merlin 29.
Hurricane Mk.XII
The canadian licensed version, the corresponding british Mk.II. Used the Merlin engine 29, by default, could carry bombs or 44gal drop tanks and armed was eight to twelve machine guns.Part of machines later, got four 20mm cannon. Are referred to the subversion of a, B and C, but not sure what exactly is different, perhaps the match the british subverzím, according to some sources, however, XIIA were Hurricanes Mk.XI, converted for Merlin engines 29.
Sea Hurricane
At the moment when started to be Hurricanes supplemented by more modern types, many of them adapted to the on-board tank for the surveillance of the convoys, flying the supplies to Russia or Malta. An overview of the naval version is in a separate topic.
FH.40 Slip Wing Hurricane
In 1942 she got a firm F.Hill & Sons available olétaný Hurricane, to verify the possibility of using odhazovatelného the upper wing (the concept of authenticated on their letounku Hillson Bi-Mono), which would serve to improve the dostupu and rate of climb, and at the same time, would contain the fuel tank, allowing a significant improvement in range. The wing should be using pyropatron odhazováno and should land on the parachute. The works were completed late, after tests on the base of RAF Sealand and then at Boscombe Down, the project was in the spring of 1944, stopped the machine and scrapped.
In addition to these main versions of the established number of field conversions of the Mk.II or Mk.XII in the Soviet union, involving a two-digit practice, for the guidance of artillery fire or armed with a mixture of Russian machine guns ŠVAK and UBK and rockets RS-82.
Source:
Jacobs, Peter. The Hawker Hurricane. Crowood Press, Ramsbury 1998. ISBN 1-86126-126-8.
Franks, Richard A. The Hawker Hurricane: a comprehensive Guide to the Modeller. SAM Publications, Bedford 1999. ISBN 0-9533465-1-X.
Bishop, Edward. Hurricane, Airlife Publishing, Shrewsbury 1986. ISBN 0-906393-62-0.
Mason, Francis K. Hawker Hurricane Described. Kookaburra Technical Publications, Dandegong, 1971.
Scutts, Jerry. Hurricane in action, In Action Well.1072, Squadron/Signal Publications, Carollton 1986. ISBN 0-89747-174-1.
www.jaapteeuwen.com
www.historyofwar.org
www.aviationearth.com
http://www.vectorsite.net/avhurr.html.