In connection with the unsuccessful Spanish experience with the combat use of reconnaissance aircraft and fighters for direct air support of troops in conditions of strong enemy air defence, on 16 December 1937 the chief of armament and material - technical supply of the VVS KA in the creation of a plan of experimental aircraft design for 1938 and experts - military engineer 1. P.A. Losyukov and P.V. Rudintsev, a military engineer of the 2nd degree, raised with all their sharpness the question of the immediate inclusion in the plan of the construction of a special attack aircraft, "... operating at low altitude and possessing powerful offensive and defensive weapons and with an engine that develops maximum power near the ground ..."
In the first half of the 1950s, many of the country's design teams were involved in the design and construction of aircraft, particularly the fighter class. They were bound together by a common desire to achieve flight speeds twice the speed of sound in the next five years, and separated by a desire to be first, and with as much panache as possible. It would seem that everything was a given, everything was according to plan, when suddenly against this background in 1954 a group of not very well known aviation specialists put forward a stunning proposal. They decided to create a new aircraft in the spirit of the not new, but not officially removed, Stalinist slogan: "Fly faster than others, higher than others and further than others!!!".
Rappal Treaty between Germany and Soviet Russia signed on 16.4.1922, enabled both countries to emerge from international isolation and establish advantageous cooperation, especially economic, but also military. The secret part of the agreement dealt with cooperation between the general staffs of the German and Soviet armies. The most famous is the flight school in Lipetsk.
After exceeding the speed limit of a thousand kilometers on a MiG-15 fighter (I-310, C) in 1948, the OKB-155, led by chief designer AI Mikoyan, together with CAGI specialists, almost immediately outlined measures to further increase it. As early as July 26, 1949, a prototype MiG-17 fighter (I-330, SI) ascended into the air.
Armoured fighter aircraft, prototype only. Its concept was based on several air battles between Il-2 and Luftwaffe bombers. The aircraft proved to be unpromising, because in the air it could only catch up with the old bombers of the German Air Force.
The Lun-class ekranoplan flew using lift generated by the ground effect acting on its large wings when within about four metres (13 ft) above the surface of the water. Although they might look similar to traditional aircraft, ekranoplans like the Lun are not classified as aircraft, seaplanes, hovercraft, or hydrofoils. Rather, crafts like the Lun-class ekranoplan are classified as maritime ships by the International Maritime Organization due to their use of the ground effect, in which the craft glides just above the surface of the water.
The ground effect occurs when flying at an altitude of only a few meters above the ocean or ground; drag is greatly reduced by the proximity of the ground preventing the formation of wingtip vortices, thus increasing the efficiency of the wing. This effect does not occur at high altitude.
The name Lun comes from the Russian word for the harrier.
The Ikar plant proposed to organize the production of powerful engines and in 1922 received an order for their production, and the American Liberty-12 and the French Hispano-Suiza 8Fb (M-6) with 400 and 300 hp were selected as samples. The Liberty-12 was an American aircraft engine manufactured since the end of 1917.
The history of Soviet aviation contains many interesting pages, one of which is an attempt to copy the American fighter F-86 Sabre, undertaken in the USSR in 1952-53.
In the second half of the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet aerospace industry was given the task of creating a high-speed high-altitude and high-altitude bomber that would correspond in its flight to the latest American long-range bomber, the B-29 Superfortress. Research and development work, which began in 1943, led to the development of several domestic projects for aircraft of similar purpose.
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