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Current conflicts in sub-Saharan Africa with a focus on Rwanda

Since the end of World War II, there have been more than 200 armed conflicts around the world, many of them in the last twenty years. The idea of the foundations of the world order in the form of international principles and rules, multilateral treaties and universal international organizations ( UNs ) for world peace and security, protection of human rights, disarmament and economic and cultural cooperation has received increasing support from the general public.

Although Africa has considerable mineral wealth, it is the poorest continent in the world. The exceptions are South Africa and Botswana with their own exchange rates and Nigeria with one of the fastest growing economies in the world. However, the UN ranks 33 African countries among the least developed, where people live mainly on agriculture. What causes poverty? Many see the beginnings of this bad situation in colonialism, others in the declaration of independence and subsequent corruption, despotism, violence and instability.

Somalia, Sierra Leone, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Uganda.

Like most disputes in sub-Saharan Africa in recent decades, ethnic conflicts and the civil war in Rwanda have their roots in the social, political and economic factors of the pre-colonial era. The first inhabitants of the Great Lakes region were the ancestors of today's members of the Twa tribe, which make up about 1% of the total Rwandan population. Around the year 1000 BC, Bantu-speaking Hutus, originally from Central Africa and oriented mainly to agriculture, began to settle in the area, and 500 years later also Tutsis, who came from the north and subsisted mainly on pastoralism. These new people have almost replaced the original population. Until the genocide in 1994, the Tutsis accounted for 10% and the Hutus for 90% of Rwanda's total population.

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