Išiwara, Kandži

Kanji Ishiwara
石原莞爾
     
Příjmení:
Surname:
Išiwara Ishiwara
Jméno:
Given Name:
Kandži Kanji
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
石原莞爾 / いしわら・かんじ
Fotografie či obrázek:
Photograph or Picture:
Hodnost:
Rank:
generálporučík Lieutenant General
Akademický či vědecký titul:
Academic or Scientific Title:
- -
Šlechtický titul:
Hereditary Title:
- -
Datum, místo narození:
Date and Place of Birth:
18.01.1889 Šónai /
18.01.1889 Shonai /
Datum, místo úmrtí:
Date and Place of Decease:
15.08.1949 ?, Tokio /
15.08.1949 ?, Tokyo /
Nejvýznamnější funkce:
(maximálně tři)
Most Important Appointments:
(up to three)
velitel: 16. divize
zástupca náčelníka štábu: Kuantungská armáda
velitel: Pevnost Maizuru
Commander: 16th Division
Deputy Chief of Staff: Kwantung Army
Commander: Maizuru Fortress
Jiné významné skutečnosti:
(maximálně tři)
Other Notable Facts:
(up to three)
velitel: 4. pěší pluk Commander: 4th Infantry Regiment
Související články:
Related Articles:
Zdroje:
Sources:
www.generals.dk
ja.wikipedia.org;
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Isiwara-Kandzi-t125984#427505 Version : 0
     
Příjmení:
Surname:
Išiwara Ishiwara
Jméno:
Given Name:
Kandži Kanji
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
石原莞爾 / いしわら・かんじ
Všeobecné vzdělání:
General Education:
DD.MM.1897-DD.MM.RRRR základná škola Karikawa
DD.MM.1897-DD.MM.RRRR Elementary School at Karikawa
Vojenské vzdělání:
Military Education:
DD.09.1905-DD.05.1907 stredná vojenská škola Tokio
DD.12.1907-27.05.1909 vojenská akadémia
DD.11.1915-DD.11.1918 vojenské štábne kolégium
DD.08.1922-DD.08.1925 štúdium v Nemecku
DD.09.1905-DD.05.1907 Military High School at Tokio
DD.12.1907-27.05.1909 Military Academy
DD.11.1915-DD.11.1918 Army Staff College
DD.08.1922-DD.08.1925 Study at Germany
Důstojnické hodnosti:
Officer Ranks:
DD.10.1907 seržant
25.12.1907 podporučík
DD.02.1913 poručík
DD.04.1919 kapitán
DD.08.1924 major
DD.08.1928 podplukovník
08.08.1932 plukovník
01.03.1937 generálmajor
01.08.1939 generálporučík
DD.10.1907 Saergant
25.12.1907 Second Lieutenant
DD.02.1913 Lieutenant
DD.04.1919 Captain
DD.08.1924 Major
DD.08.1928 Lieutenant Colonel
08.08.1932 Colonel
01.03.1937 Major General
01.08.1939 Lieutenant General
Průběh vojenské služby:
Military Career:
DD.06.1907-DD.12.1907 32. doplňujúci pluk
25.12.1907-DD.11.1915 65. peší pluk, Japonsko Južná Korea
DD.04.1919-DD.04.1920 velitel 65. pešieho pluku ?
DD.04.1920-DD.MM.1921 velenie doplňovacího zboru, Centrálna Čína
DD.07.1921-DD.07.1922 Armádne štábne kolégium – inštruktor vojenských vied
DD.08.1925-DD.MM.RRRR Armádne štábne kolégium – inštruktor histórie
10.10.1928-05.10.1931 štáb Kwantungskej armády, náčelník operácii
05.10.1931-DD.08.1932 štáb Kwantungskej armády, náčelník stratégie
08.08.1932-01.08.1933 pridelený ku generálnemu štábu
01.08.1933-01.08.1935 velitel 4. pešieho pluku
01.08.1935-19.06.1936 náčelník 2. sekce (operace a válečné plány) 1. kanceláře Imperiálního armádního generálního štábu
19.06.1936-07.01.1937 náčelník 2. sekcie (operácie a vojnové plánovanie) 1. kancelárie generálneho štábu
07.01.1937-01.03.1937 poverený velením 1. kancelárie generálneho štábu
01.03.1937-27.09.1937 náčelník 1. kancelárie generálneho štábu
27.09.1937-05.12.1938 zástupca náčelníka štábu Kwantungskej armády, Manchuria
18.08.1938-DD.MM.RRRR vojenský atašé Manchukuo
05.12.1938-01.08.1939 velitel pevnosti Maizuru
01.08.1939-DD.MM.RRRR 16. náhradná divízia
30.08.1939-01.03.1941 velitel 16. divízie
31.01.1941-DD.MM.RRRR rezerva
DD.09.1941-DD.MM.RRRR Ritsumeikan univerzita – inštruktor
15.05.1945-DD.MM.RRRR poradca vlády
DD.03.1946-DD.04.1946 svedok obhajoby bred Medzinárodným tribunálom pre ďaleký východ
DD.06.1907-DD.12.1907 32nd Suplementary Regiment?
25.12.1907-DD.11.1915 65th Infantry Regiment, Japan, Sounth Korea
DD.04.1919-DD.04.1920 65th Infantry Regiment Commander?
DD.04.1920-DD.MM.1921 Supplementary Corps HQ, Central China
DD.07.1921-DD.07.1922 Army Staff College - Military Sciencies Instructor
DD.08.1925-DD.MM.RRRR Army Staff College - History Instructor
10.10.1928-05.10.1931 Kwantung Army Staff, Chief of Operations Section
05.10.1931-DD.08.1932 Kwantung Army Staff, Chief of Strategy Section
08.08.1932-01.08.1933 Attached to General Staff
01.08.1933-01.08.1935 4th Infantry Regiment Commander
01.08.1935-19.06.1936 Chief of 2nd Section (Operations and War Plans) of the 1st Bureau Imperial Army General Staff Office
19.06.1936-07.01.1937 Chief of 2nd Section (War Plans), 1st Bureau, General Staff
07.01.1937-01.03.1937 Acting Head of 1st Bureau, General Staff
01.03.1937-27.09.1937 Head of 1st Bureau, General Staff
27.09.1937-05.12.1938 Kawntung Army Deputy Chief of Staff, Manchuria
18.08.1938-DD.MM.RRRR Military Attache Manchukuo
05.12.1938-01.08.1939 Maizuru Fortress Commander
01.08.1939-DD.MM.RRRR 16th Depot Division
30.08.1939-01.03.1941 16th Division Commander
31.01.1941-DD.MM.RRRR Reserve
DD.09.1941-DD.MM.RRRR Ritsumeikan University – Instructor
15.05.1945-DD.MM.RRRR Government Advisor
DD.03.1946-DD.04.1946 Witness for the Defense in the International Military Tribunal for the Far East
Vyznamenání:
Awards:
Poznámka:
Note:
- -
Zdroje:
Sources:
www.generals.dk
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/石原莞爾

Išiwara, Kandži - Mandžuské vyznamenanie
Řád příznivých mraků

Mandžuské vyznamenanie
Řád příznivých mraků

URL : https://www.valka.cz/Isiwara-Kandzi-t125984#427515 Version : 0

Ishiwara Kanji




Ishiwara was a native of Yamagata Prefecture, where he was born into a samurai family. His family supported the Tokugawa-bakufu ("Tokugawa Shogunate") and the Northern Alliance during the Boshin War, and for this reason, no one in the family was subsequently able to hold higher government positions after the Meiji Imperial Restoration (1868).
At the age of 13, he is enrolled in a military school. In 1909, he graduates from the Imperial Military Academy.
After graduation, he is assigned to the 65th Infantry Regiment, with which he serves in Korea after the annexation in 1910. In 1915 he enters the Army Staff College, from which he successfully graduates in 1918.
In the period that follows he holds various staff positions and is selected for study in Germany as a military attaché. From 1923 to 1925 he is stationed in Berlin and Munich, where he studies military strategy and history. Former officers of the German General Staff serve as his tutors, and he returns to Japan with new insights into military theory and doctrine.


Manchuria
Upon his return, Ishiwara is assigned to the Army Staff College as an instructor and subsequently serves on the staff of the Kuantung Army in Manchuria, where he arrives in late 1928. Upon his arrival, Ishwara saw Kuantung Army as an opportunity to organize the chaotic political situation in northern China, where Japan had important economic investments. Ishwara and Col. Seishiro Itagaki began developing a plan to take advantage of the situation.
On September 18, 1931, members of the Kuantung Army secretly placed a bomb under the tracks of the Japanese-controlled South Manchuria Railway. This is dropped on the Chinese soldiers, saying that they wanted to attack the railway, and Ishwara orders Japanese troops to occupy the Chinese barracks in nearby Liutiaokou. He then orders other Kuantung Army troops to take control of other cities in Manchuria. All of this was done without the knowledge of the new commander of the Kwantung Army Gen. Shigeru Honjo and General Staff in Tokyo, respectively.
This invasion of Manchuria raised alarm in the political arena in Japan as well as in the international community. Ishwara believed that he would be court-martialed for his disobedience. But his successful operation had just the opposite effect. Ishiwara came to be admired by young right-leaning nationalist officers for his decisiveness and initiative.
Upon his return to Japan, he is given command of the 4th Infantry Regiment in Sendai.


Deployment in Japan
In 1935, he becomes Chief of Operations of the General Staff, where he is tasked with working on his vision of Japan's future. He was a strong proponent of pan-Asianism. He was also a strong proponent of Hokushinron (Northern Expansion Doctrine) in opposition to the Navy's Nanshinron (Southern Expansion Doctrine) plan.
Attack to the North assumed that Japan would ally with the Manchukuo States and China, forming the East Asia League and preparing to fight the USSR. Once the USSR was defeated, Japan would be able to concentrate on fighting southward to liberate the countries there from European colonialism. And only after that victorious campaign will the Empire be ready to fight the US.
Ishwara had a vision that there would be only one party in the country to defend and provide for the economic needs of the country. The other political parties would be dissolved and the merchants and bakars would be removed from power. This was to ensure Japan's economic strength for the next conflict.
On February 26, 1936, his supporters attempted a coup, assassinating several different political leaders and demanding a change of government that would be in line with the demands of Ishwaru's philosophy. However, Ishiwara opposed the coup and demanded the declaration of a state of emergency.
Subsequently, Deputy Chief of Staff Hajime Sugiyama dispatched troops with garrisons to the vicinity of Tokyo, with Ishiwara being appointed as the operations officer of the State of Emergency Command.


Return to Manchuria
In March 1937, Ishiwara becomes Major General and is posted back to Manchuria, as Deputy Chief of Staff of the Kuantung Army. Here he discovers that most of his fellow soldiers do not share his view on the creation of a new pan-Asian zone, but are interested in acting as colonial occupiers in the conquered territories. Ishiwara reports this to his superiors and comes into conflict with them, even from the commander of the Kwantung Army, Gen. Hideki Tojo. He demanded, for example, that the Japanese not behave in a dominant but a partnerly manner in the occupied territory, which of course was met with resistance.


End of career
After this encounter, he is relieved of command and reassigned to take command of a local fort at Maizuru, on the coast near Kyoto.
Here he begins to analyze the causes of the defeat of the Japanese forces at Nomonhan and studies the tactics that led to this outcome. He also develops strategies to prevent this from happening in the future. He also continues his pursuit of an East Asia League in pratnering with China and Manchukuo and is an opponent of the invasion of China.
In 1939 he becomes Lieutenant General and is given command of the 16th Division.
By this time, his political opponent Tojo has reached the highest ranks and seeks to have Ishwara expelled from the army. However, this fails due to strong opposition from young officers and right-wing activists. However, this occurs despite this opposition after Ishwara publicly labels Tojo as an enemy of Japan. Ishwara is subsequently placed in retirement. He goes back to pref. Yamagata, where he devotes himself to writing and studying as a field economist until the end of the war.
After the end of World War II, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers calls Ishwara as a witness before the International Tribunal for the Far East. No charges were brought against Ishiwara, presumably because of his outspoken opposition to Tojo, not only with China as well as attacking the US.
Before the trial, however, he expressed his hostility towards the US and stated to the US attorney that President Harry S. Truman should also stand trial for the mass bombing of Japanese civilians.



Source:
en.wikipedia.org
www.generals.dk
http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/石原莞爾

Išiwara, Kandži - Január 1932 štáb po pristání v Jinzhou
http://esashib.web.infoseek.co.jp/tuzimoto12.htm

Január 1932 štáb po pristání v Jinzhou
http://esashib.web.infoseek.co.jp/tuzimoto12.htm

URL : https://www.valka.cz/Isiwara-Kandzi-t125984#427516 Version : 0
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