Aiči H9A1

Aichi H9A1 / 愛知 H9A1・二式練習飛行艇,
     
Název:
Name:
Aiči H9A1 11 Aichi H9A1 11
Originální název:
Original Name:
二式練習飛行艇,
Kategorie:
Category:
cvičný letoun trainer aeroplane
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.MM.1942-DD.MM.1943 Aichi Watch and Electric Machinery, Ltd., Nagoya /
DD.MM.1944-DD.MM.1944 Japonská letecká společnost s.r.o., Yokohama /
Období výroby:
Production Period:
DD.MM.1942-DD.MM.1944
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
28
První vzlet:
Maiden Flight:
DD.09.1940
Osádka:
Crew:
5 - 8
Základní charakteristika:
Basic Characteristics:
 
Vzlet a přistání:
Take-off and Landing:
CTOL - konvenční vzlet a přistání CTOL - conventional take-off and landing
Uspořádání křídla:
Arrangement of Wing:
jednoplošník monoplane
Uspořádání letounu:
Aircraft Concept:
klasické conventional
Podvozek:
Undercarriage:
pevný fixed
Přistávací zařízení:
Landing Gear:
člunový trup flying boat
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Hmotnost prázdného letounu:
Empty Weight:
4900 kg 10803 lb
Vzletová hmotnost:
Take-off Weight:
7000 kg 15432 lb
Maximální vzletová hmotnost:
Maximum Take-off Weight:
7500 kg 16535 lb
Rozpětí:
Wingspan:
24,000 m 78ft 8,87in
Délka:
Length:
16,950 m 55ft 7,32in
Výška:
Height:
5,250 m 17ft 2,68in
Plocha křídla:
Wing Area:
63,30 m2 681.36 ft2
Plošné zatížení:
Wing Loading:
107,20 kg/m2 21.96 lb/ft2
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Kategorie:
Category:
pístový piston
Počet motorů:
Number of Engines:
2
Typ:
Type:
Nakadžima Kotobuki 42 nebo 43, vzduchem chlazený hvězdicový devítiválec o vzletovém výkonu 529,5 kW a 455 kW v h= 3 000 m.
Vrtule trojlisté, kovové s nastavitelným úhlem náběhu o průměru 2 950 mm.
Nakajima Kotobuki 42 or 43 nine-cylinder air-cooled radials engine rated at 710 hp for take-off and 610 hp at 9,842 ft,


driving three-blade matal variable-pitch propellers of the diameter 9ft 8,14in.
Objem palivových nádrží:
Fuel Tank Capacity:
2 680 l 590 UK gallons
Výkony:
Performance:
 
Maximální rychlost:
Maximum Speed:
317 km/h v 3000 m 197 mph in 9843 ft
Cestovní rychlost:
Cruise Speed:
222 km/h v 1000 m 137.9 mph in 3281 ft
Rychlost stoupání:
Climb Rate:
4,5 m/s 885.8 ft/min
Čas výstupu na výšku:
Time to Climb to:
11,25 min do 3000 m 11,25 min to 9843 ft
Operační dostup:
Service Ceiling:
6780 m 22244 ft
Dolet:
Range:
1210 km 751.9 mi
Maximální dolet:
Maximum Range:
2800 km 1739.8 mi
Výzbroj:
Armament:
2x pohyblivý kulomet Type 92 ráže 7,7 mm
(1x v předním střelišti a 1x v horním střelišti)

Pumová zátěž: 2x 250 kg pum nebo hlubinné nálože.
Two flexible hand-held 0.303 inch Type 92 machine-guns in an open bow position and in an open dorsal position.

Bomb load: Up to 1,102 lb of bombs or depth-charges.
Uživatelské státy:
User States:
Poznámka:
Note:
二式练习飞行艇 - Nišiki renšú hikótei - Cvičný létající člun Typ 2


Letová vytrvalost: 9 h


Někteří autoři zmiňují ještě možnost instalace dalších dvou kulometů Type 92 do bočních oken.
二式练习飞行艇 - Nishiki renshú hikótei - Navy Type 2 Training Flying Boat


Endurance: 9 hours
Zdroje:
Sources:
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, 1987, Reprinted 1990, ISBN 0-87021-313-X
Robert C. Mikesh a Shorzoe Abe, Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941, Putnam Aeronautical Books, rok 1990, ISBN 1557505632
Tadeusz Januszewski a Kryzysztof Zalewski: Japońskie samoloty marynarski 1912-1945, tiel 2., Lampart, rok 2000, ISBN 83-86776-00-05
L+K 07/1984, Letadla 1939-45, Aichi H9A
http://www.samoloty.ow.pl/str235.htm
http://www.combinedfleet.com/ijna/h9a.htm
archiv autora
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-H9A1-t28762#101312 Version : 0

Aichi H9A1 Model 11


二式練習飛行艇, Nishiki renshú hikótei, Type 2 training flying boat


Allied reporting name: not allocated


History:
The 海軍航空本部 Kaigun Kōkū Hombu, the headquarters of the Imperial Naval Air Force, commissioned the 13-Shi Specification to develop a training flying boat in early 1938. This aircraft was to be used to train future flying boat crews H6K Mavis and H8K Emily, while anti-submarine and anti-submarine patrol flights were to be conducted as part of the training.

The development of this trainer aircraft began in May of that year at 愛知航空機株式会社 - Aichi Kōkūki Kabushiki Kaisha (hereafter Aichi), with the design work managed by engineer Morisage Mori. Development proceeded at a slow pace, the entire program was without high priority, and so the actual construction of the prototypes did not occur until January 1940, at which time representatives of the Kaigun Kōkū Hombu approved the project. Nine months later the first prototype flew, factory marked AM-21, it was a strut-type upper stage powered with a pair of Nakajima Kotobuki 41 Kai-2 engines with twin-bladed wooden propellers, the two engines were mounted as close together as possible.


Flight and sea trials did not go well at all for the first prototype H9A1 13-Shi, indeed, one could say that the flight and nautical characteristics were downright poor, for example, on landing the nose dipped below the surface so much that the aircraft could not be controlled, in flight the aircraft was unstable and the engine showed failures. It is not surprising that all three prototypes underwent quite substantial modifications. The most important modification was made to the wings, their span was increased to twenty-four metres, i.e. it was increased by three metres, and this extension of the wings reciprocally increased the carrying area from the original 58.62 m2 to 63.30 m2. Furthermore, the flap system was modified and the engines were placed relatively far apart. The engines themselves were replaced with equally powerful but more reliable Nakajima Kotobuki 42/43 types with three-bladed propellers, the blades having a continuously adjustable angle of attack.

The Naval Air Service adopted these machines into service in 1942 under the designation "Type 2 Model 11 Flying Boat Trainer". The Aichi company produced twenty-four seaplanes by 1943 and handed over production, due to overcrowding, to a small company, 日本航空工業株式会社 - Nippon Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha, (possibly also Nihon) however its share of production was very small (only four machines). I will mention one more design interest, the serial seaplanes had a retractable wheeled landing gear, but this was not used for take-off or landing on a solid surface, but only for getting the aircraft out of the water. It was therefore by no means an amphibious aircraft.


Operational deployment:
Initially, these machines were used as trainers for training pilots, navigators, radio operators, bombardiers and gunners. The training was conducted by the Takuma Kōkūtai unit, this unit still used primarily the less than satisfactory Kawanishi E7K2 biplanes for training. The advent of twin-engine seaplanes marked a qualitative shift in training. The crew of the new seaplanes during training flights consisted of up to eight men, with students attending designated training stations during the flight. The unit's aircraft bore the タ ク insignia on their tail surfaces.
Training was conducted here until September 1944, at which time this unit merged with the remnants of the nearly destroyed Yokohama Kōkūtai unit. The Takuma Kōkūtai took over the remaining Kawanishi H8K Emily seaplanes and Aichi E13A Jake floatplane reconnaissance aircraft, creating a combat unit that flew primarily anti-submarine patrol flights and protection of its own shipping. Safe shipping lanes were very important to Japan, but their consistent protection had long been underestimated. The H9A1 seaplane carried two depth charges weighing a total of 500 kg during patrol flight, and the crew was only five in combat flight.
From February 1945, most of the H9A1 seaplanes were transferred to the Kotohira Suishin suicide unit, which engaged in attacks against the US fleet off Okinawa. During the four suicide raids, the unit was completely exhausted - destroyed, and approximately twenty H9A1 seaplanes were destroyed in these raids. Today it is impossible to determine how successful or unsuccessful the described seaplanes were, the Americans were shooting down slow-moving aircraft quite far from their own fleet, and it is very unlikely that any H9A1s could get past the fighter defenses and the barrier of anti-aircraft artillery.
The remainder of the airworthy machines from the defunct Takuma Kōkūtai unit were taken over by several other units. Only about two aircraft, designated with the serial numbers T-25 and T-53, survived the Japanese surrender in acceptable condition. They were thoroughly inspected on the ground by an American intelligence committee, their construction was found to be uninteresting, and both aircraft were subsequently scrapped.
Of some interest is that this type of aircraft was not assigned an Allied code name, as it was not discovered by intelligence until after the surrender of Japan, so it is probably the only mass-produced aircraft that was not given a code designation.




Sources used:
William Green, Warplanes of the Second World War, Volume Five: Flying Boats, London, Macdonald & Co., Ltd, 1962, (5th impression 1972) ISBN 0-356-01449-5.
René J. Francillon Ph.D., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Naval Institute Press, 1987, Reprinted 1990, ISBN 0-87021-313-X
Tadeusz Januszewski and Kryzysztof Zalewski: Japanese Naval Aircraft 1912-1945, vol. 2, Lampart, 2000, ISBN 83-86776-00-05
L+K 07/1984, Aircraft 1939-45, Aichi H9A
http://www.samoloty.ow.pl/str235.htm
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/sww2/h9a.html
author's archive
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-H9A1-t28762#101313 Version : 0

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Cvičný Aichi H9A1 po vyjetí na břeh (kamufláž - žlutá na všech plochách)
Aiči H9A1 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-H9A1-t28762#119702 Version : 0

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Na této fotografii je vidět kolový podvozek, ale nedalo se na něj přistát, sloužil výhradně ke snadnější manipulaci s letounem, zatahoval se do plováku.
Aiči H9A1 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-H9A1-t28762#101315 Version : 0

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Fotografie Aichi H9A1
Aiči H9A1 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-H9A1-t28762#101316 Version : 0

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Kamufláž, jaká byla používána u bojových útvarů
Aiči H9A1 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-H9A1-t28762#107438 Version : 0

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Trojpohledový náčrtek Aichi H9A1
Aiči H9A1 -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Aici-H9A1-t28762#101314 Version : 0
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