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Sergej Petras was born on 08.11.1921 in Moravská Ostrava. His father, Vladislav Petras, was officially an official in the cooperative organization, in fact an agent sent by the Comintern to organize the Communist Party in Czechoslovakia. His mother, Maria Isakijevna, née Kuznetsova, came from Riga. She met Vladislav Petras at a party meeting in the Soviet Union.
Vladislav Petras, born five days before the end of 1892, was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian army in the autumn of 1914 to the Jihlava Infantry Regiment No. 81. In March 1915, he was deployed to the front in the space Tarnova. In May 1915 he defected to the Russian side in the area of Sieňava. He liked the ideas of the Bolshevik proletarian revolution in the Darnica prison camp near Kiev. In the second half of 1917 he joined the Czechoslovak legions in Russia. in Berezani where was formed 7. Czechoslovak Rifle Regiment. In February 1918, he joined the Red Guards in Kiev and became their leader. In March 1918 he joined the Red Army and joined the national section of the VKS (b). At the same time, he became an agitator for the operation of Czech military units, with the aim of mobilizing compatriots to defend the victory of the October Revolution. With Jaroslav Hašek in April 1918 he worked in a recruitment center for the Czechoslovak MS. international partitions in Samara. After the fighting for Pension with Czechoslovak legionaries in May 1918, he began to gnaw doubts about the right direction of the Bolshevik revolution.
In December 1920, Berezin, secretary of the executive of the Comintern, entrusted him with an important task - to become a secret agent of the Comintern in Czechoslovakia under the official diplomatic cover of the Soviet trade mission. He was given the pseudonym Jarkovský. His task was also the organization of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. He was later transferred to the Berlin branch of the Soviet trade mission. In Berlin in September 1925, Maria Isakievna left her husband and son Sergei and went to see her lover, a German internationalist. Therefore, Vladislav Petras filed for divorce, which was granted in January 1928. He returned to Prague the following year. In 1927, he became the administrator of the Soviet trade mission. Vladislav Petras' agitation activities were monitored by the police. During his job as a courier for the spa Baden-Baden, he meets his second wife, the Austrian Alexandra Schnee, who was also divorced and had a son Richard from her first marriage. In July 1928, Vladislav Petras married for the second time.
At the same time, the police and counter-espionage began to monitor Vladislav Petras more. In 1929, he was refused an extension of his passport. In order not to expose Petras' activities as an agent of the Comintern, he asked his superior to leave for Moscow. He was satisfied and on June 31, 1931 he left for Moscow as a cinema instructor at Soyuzfilm. In 1936 he was expelled from the Communist Party and later reassigned to the position of foreman in the workshop. During the Stalinist purges, he was arrested by the NKVD on March 4, 1938 and imprisoned in pre-trial detention. He is accused of working for Czechoslovak and German espionage.
After his father's imprisonment, Sergei Petras and Alexandra Katkovová gave birth to a son, Vladislav. In 1940, he finished school at the age of ten with a school-leaving examination. He worked as a phase drawer in Moscow cartoon studios. When Germany attacked the USSR, Sergei immediately decided to join the Red Army voluntarily because he wanted to gain a position from which he could most effectively invoke justice for his father. However, due to his father's imprisonment, he was not accepted into the Red Army. He was accepted as a volunteer in the 6th Fire Company of the 1st Moscow Youth Fire Protection Regiment on Manezh Square. There he underwent basic military training without a weapon.
At the time of the first German raid on Moscow on the night of July 21-22, 1941, he patrolled the intelligence service station.He rescued a nine-year-old boy from a burning house at a Belarusian railway station. For this act, the regiment commander was nominated for medals "For courage".
He was accepted into the Red Army only at the time of the immediate threat to Moscow on November 3, 1941. He was assigned to an emergency regiment on the northwestern outskirts of Moscow in the direction of Krasna Poljana. Due to the ambiguity of his citizenship and the accusation of his father, he was immediately transferred to the work divisions, where they placed politically unreliable ones. There he also experienced his first fight with the enemy. Reflecting the attack, he ran to the abandoned cannon and managed to destroy the tank. At the same moment, the tank fired at the cannon and threw Sergei's grenade blast away from him, remaining lying in the snow. His action helped the unit repel the German attack. The wounded Sergei was taken to the regimental bandage. It was attacked at night, with the help of which the attack was averted. For the fight, Sergei earned a proposal for honors. After publishing a call to join the Czechoslovak army in the USSR, he asked for a transfer to Czechoslovak troops. His request was granted because the commanders got rid of the problem of whether Sergei could fight the weapon in his hand and whether they could give him the proposed decorations.
In the Kuibyshev office of Czechoslovakia. military mission presented 11.02.1942. The next day he arrived in Buzuluk, where he went through the admission procedure and on 14.02.1942 also the levy procedure. With stem number 253, it was assigned to 1. Czechoslovak Field Battalion - motorcycle company commanded by Václav Kovařík. He was also accepted into the unit football team. Later, a platoon of scouts with the commander of the Lt. Col. Antonín Sochor. Sergei was also selected for it ( Submachine Squadron, according to other sources of the platoon of machine gunners). After taking the oath 1. čsspp went to the queue with it. For combativeness in defense Sokolova was proposed to be sourced by the Czechoslovak War Cross 1939. He received it on April 17, 1943, and with him he was also awarded Soviet medals "For Courage" and "For the Defense of Moscow". After graduating from the Soviet apprenticeship in the second half of 1943, he was appointed commander of a platoon of submachine guns ( Czechoslovak Tank Battalion) and promoted to the rank of lieutenant.
By extending 1. Czechoslovak Independent Brigade to 1. Czechoslovak Army Corps Petras' platoon becomes a company of submachine guns Motorized submachine gun battalion with commander Antonín Sochor in subordination 1. Czechoslovak Tank Regiment. In the autumn of 1944 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant. After the injury npor. On September 14, 1944, Sergei Petras took command of Antonín Sochor over the 534 elevation command. Obšár was wounded again during the fighting for the elevation. They took him to the moor in the town of Dukla. There was a gen. Ludvík Svoboda promoted to lieutenant and awarded the medal "For bravery". In November 1944 he received the fifth Czechoslovak War Cross 1939.
After recovering from his injuries, he was awarded the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky in Moscow for his services in liberating Ukraine III. st. On November 16, 1944, after a long wait caused by the war, he married the mother of his son Vladislav - Alexandra Ivanovna Katkovová. He returned to the unit in late November 1944.
In January 1945, in the village of Podtatranské Štrba, he finally learned about the fate of his father from General NKVD Žukov. According to the document presented to them, he was to die as a result of the disease on June 10, 1941. From the declassified archives of the NKVD, however, after years he learned the real date of his father's death - 13.08.1938. After the accession of Nikita Khrushchev to the head of the USSR, his father's case was re-investigated and subsequently Vladislav Petras was posthumously rehabilitated.
On April 16, 1945, Sergei Petras was severely wounded during the fighting for Bolatice (Ostrava operation). Shrapnel hit him in the head and he was covered with fragments of masonry. His comrades-in-arms managed to transport him to the infirmary, where the doctors managed to save him. But a few shards remained stuck in his head for the rest of his life. The severe injuries caused him lifelong health problems. For heroism in battle he received the seventh Czechoslovak War Cross 1939.
After his release from the hospital, he participated in the summer of 1945 as the commander of a military unit of the border territory of the republic. After difficult negotiations, in the summer of 1946, his wife and son managed to move to Czechoslovakia. He was eventually demobilized as a war invalid in the rank of major in 1948. As part of the settlement of the borderland after the expulsion of the Sudeten Germans, they moved from Ostrava to Jablonec nad Nisou. There, Sergei Petras first worked as a national administrator at the factory, then took over the operation of the newsagent for health reasons. In 1950, he became a business planning officer for the foreign trade company Merkuria. In 1951, his daughter Nina was born.
In 1953, he was again called up for active military service as a reserve officer. He moved to Prague with his family. He completed his military education by distance learning and graduated from the military academy. Thanks to his knowledge of languages, he was placed in the foreign department of the MNO. In January 1963 he was appointed a military attaché in the Bulgarian People's Republic.
After the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, Sergei Petras was normalized to the Military History Institute. In 1976 he retired as a colonel. He fully participated in the activities of the Czechoslovak Union of the Disabled and the Union of Anti-Fascist Fighters.
In the 1990s, he was promoted to the rank of retired Major General by President Václav Havel.
Sergei Petras died on July 27, 1997 during a medical stay in Marianske Lazne at the age of 76, his beloved wife Alexandra in October of the following year.
Note The children of Sergei Petras - Vladislav and Nina - participated in the preparation of the book The Soldier of the First Line.
1941 - příslušník Rudé armády, účastník bojů o Moskvu. V Buzuluku člen fotbalového družstva čs.vojenské jednotky. 1945 - zatímní velitel motorizovaného praporu automatčíků, ze zdravotních důvodů propuštěn do civilu.
Zdroj: Miroslav Brož - HRDINOVÉ OD SOKOLOVA, Avis 2005
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Petras-Sergej-Vladislav-t33219#148148
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