HongQi-9 (HQ-9) is a long-range, all-weather, long-range anti-aircraft missile system for targets at various altitudes. It is capable of operating against aircraft, helicopters and cruise missiles. It can also operate with some limitations against tactical ballistic missiles.
Developed by the China Academy of Defence Technology (CADT)
In service since 1997, in limited numbers with the PLAAF (Chinese Air Force). A naval version of the system is in the arsenal of Type 052C destroyers.
Development of the system began in the early 1980s. The American anti-aircraft system Patriot served as the model for the system, and later cooperation was established with the developers of the Russian S-300 system. The HQ-9 uses a missile guidance system similar to that used on the Patriot. The overall shape, launch, transport and stowage of the missiles is taken from the Russian S-300 PMU system.
Max. The missile range is 200 km long-range and 30 km altitude. The two-stage solid-fuel rocket engine is operational for the first 35 km, then switches on 5 km before the target. The missile is transported and fired from a Taian TAS5380 8X8 (transport-erector-launcher - TEL) vehicle, which has 4 missile transport containers (they are identical in appearance to the containers used in the S-300PMU1 system). The missiles are fired similarly to the S-300 system- cold launch (without the use of a rocket motor when fired from the launcher)
Missile guidance is similar to the Patriot system. It consists of an initial setup of target parameters to the missile, radio corrections to the missile's flight, and final guidance of the missile. Radio corrections are sent to the missile in flight based on data from the missile guidance ground station. End guidance is used in the missile to target phase - the data acquired by the missile is transmitted to the ground control centre where it is compared with the ground control system data and the subsequent calculated missile flight corrections are sent back to the missile for flight control.
The HT 233 3D radar - a mono-pulse radar using a C-band phase antenna - is used to acquire target information. It can detect targets at a range of 120 km, automatic homing is possible at a range of 90 km. The system is capable of simultaneously tracking 100 airborne targets and then guiding missiles to 50 airborne targets. It is designed to counter airborne warning and control systems (AWACS) and other means of long-range electronic warfare. It is based on the HQ-9 system, equipped with a passive radar search system. In the event that a target emitting electromagnetic energy (radar, electromagnetic interference) is detected, the missile warhead is locked onto the target and locked on. Once fired, the homing missile automatically homing on the active target at 1200 m/s with an overload of up to 14 G. The missile's own aircraft, whose radar warning detector receives enemy radar signals, can also be used to guide the missile to the target. The missile can also be equipped with an inertial navigation system in case the signal from the electromagnetic wave source is lost - but then the ability to correctly guide and hit the target decreases.
For self-detection of the position of active electromagnetic radiation sources, four ground-based ESM (Electronic Support Measures) sensors mounted on vehicles are used. They are located at a distance of 30 km from each other and allow simultaneous tracking of 50 targets. The evaporator is placed close to the central sensor at a maximum distance of 150 m.
The missile can of course also be used with the standard HQ-9 system's search and fire radar.
Developed by the China Academy of Defence Technology (CADT)
In service since 1997, in limited numbers with the PLAAF (Chinese Air Force). A naval version of the system is in the arsenal of Type 052C destroyers.
Development of the system began in the early 1980s. The American anti-aircraft system Patriot served as the model for the system, and later cooperation was established with the developers of the Russian S-300 system. The HQ-9 uses a missile guidance system similar to that used on the Patriot. The overall shape, launch, transport and stowage of the missiles is taken from the Russian S-300 PMU system.
Max. The missile range is 200 km long-range and 30 km altitude. The two-stage solid-fuel rocket engine is operational for the first 35 km, then switches on 5 km before the target. The missile is transported and fired from a Taian TAS5380 8X8 (transport-erector-launcher - TEL) vehicle, which has 4 missile transport containers (they are identical in appearance to the containers used in the S-300PMU1 system). The missiles are fired similarly to the S-300 system- cold launch (without the use of a rocket motor when fired from the launcher)
Missile guidance is similar to the Patriot system. It consists of an initial setup of target parameters to the missile, radio corrections to the missile's flight, and final guidance of the missile. Radio corrections are sent to the missile in flight based on data from the missile guidance ground station. End guidance is used in the missile to target phase - the data acquired by the missile is transmitted to the ground control centre where it is compared with the ground control system data and the subsequent calculated missile flight corrections are sent back to the missile for flight control.
The HT 233 3D radar - a mono-pulse radar using a C-band phase antenna - is used to acquire target information. It can detect targets at a range of 120 km, automatic homing is possible at a range of 90 km. The system is capable of simultaneously tracking 100 airborne targets and then guiding missiles to 50 airborne targets. It is designed to counter airborne warning and control systems (AWACS) and other means of long-range electronic warfare. It is based on the HQ-9 system, equipped with a passive radar search system. In the event that a target emitting electromagnetic energy (radar, electromagnetic interference) is detected, the missile warhead is locked onto the target and locked on. Once fired, the homing missile automatically homing on the active target at 1200 m/s with an overload of up to 14 G. The missile's own aircraft, whose radar warning detector receives enemy radar signals, can also be used to guide the missile to the target. The missile can also be equipped with an inertial navigation system in case the signal from the electromagnetic wave source is lost - but then the ability to correctly guide and hit the target decreases.
For self-detection of the position of active electromagnetic radiation sources, four ground-based ESM (Electronic Support Measures) sensors mounted on vehicles are used. They are located at a distance of 30 km from each other and allow simultaneous tracking of 50 targets. The evaporator is placed close to the central sensor at a maximum distance of 150 m.
The missile can of course also be used with the standard HQ-9 system's search and fire radar.
