History:
The efforts of several generations of specialists from many scientific research institutes and design offices created many anti-aircraft missile systems and complexes securing the air borders of present-day Russia in the former Soviet Union. One of the best known systems today is the anti-aircraft missile system S-300PMU-1 ( & # 1057 ; -300 & # 1055; & # 1052; & # 1059; 1) with automated command system 83M6, anti-aircraft missile system S-300V ( & # 1057; -300 & # 1042;) and the anti-aircraft missile complex "Buk-M1" (" & # 1041; & # 1091; & # 1082; - & # 1052; 1"), which in many parameters they represent the current world leader in their category. This is achieved, among other things, thanks to the qualities achieved by surveillance radars used in system assemblies (also called RKO circular horizon radars)
These radars are developed in FGUP "NIIIP" Novosibirsk ( & # 1060; & # 1077; & # 1076; & # 1077; & # 1088; & # 1072; & # 1083; & # 1100; & # 1085; & # 1086; & # 1077; & # 1075; & # 1086; & # 1089; & # 1091; & # 1076; & # 1072; & # 1088; & # 1089; & # 1090; & # 1074; & # 1077; & # 1085; & # 1085; & # 1086; & # 1077; & # 1091; & # 1085; & # 1080; & # 1090; & # 1072; & # 1088; & # 1085; & # 1086; & # 1077; & # 1087; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1076; & # 1087; & # 1088; & # 1080; & # 1103; & # 1090; & # 1080; & # 1077; "& # 1053; & # 1072; & # 1091; & # 1095; & # 1085; & # 1086; - & # 1080; & # 1089; & # 1089; & # 1083; & # 1077; & # 1076; & # 1086; & # 1074; & # 1072; & # 1090; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1100; & # 1089; & # 1082; & # 1080; & # 1081; & # 1080; & # 1085; & # 1089; & # 1090; & # 1080; & # 1090; & # 1091; & # 1090; & # 1080; & # 1079; & # 1084; & # 1077; & # 1088; & # 1080; & # 1090; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1100; & # 1085; & # 1099; & # 1093; & # 1087; & # 1088; & # 1080; & # 1073; & # 1086; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1074; ") (Federal State Joint Undertaking" Measurement Equipment Scientific Research Institute ").
The development of radar equipment in this institute began in the middle of the 20th century, after the end of World War II. Due to the great importance of radar technology for the defense of the USSR and the provision of a unified base for research and development, it was decided on 15 August 1949 by the leadership of the Communist Party and Soviet Soviet ministers under No. 3516-1465 to establish the Scientific Research Institute 208 (& # 1053; & # 1048; & # 1048; -208), which was based on the decision of the Minister of Radar Industry of the USSR ( & # 1052; & # 1080; & # 1085; & # 1080; & # 1089; & # 1090; & # 1088; & # 1072; & # 1088; & # 1072; & # 1076; & # 1080; & # 1086; & # 1087; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1084; & # 1099; & # 1096; & # 1083; & # 1077; & # 1085; & # 1085; & # 1086; & # 1089; & # 1090; & # 1080; & # 1057; & # 1057; & # 1057; & # 1056;) of March 24, 1966 No. 160 renamed the "Scientific Research Institute of Measuring Instruments" ("& # 1053; & # 1072; & # 1091; & # 1095; & # 1085; & # 1086; - & # 1080; & # 1089; & # 1089; & # 1083; & # 1077; & # 1076; & # 1086; & # 1074; & # 1072; & # 1090; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1100; & # 1089; & # 1082; & # 1080; & # 1081; & # 1080; & # 1085; & # 1089; & # 1090; & # 1080; & # 1090; & # 1091; & # 1090; & # 1080; & # 1079; & # 1084; & # 1077; & # 1088; & # 1080; & # 1090; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 110 0; & # 1085; & # 1099; & # 1093; & # 1087; & # 1088; & # 1080; & # 1073; & # 1086; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1074; ") and in 1999 received the status of Federal State Unified Enterprise" Scientific Research Institute of Measuring Devices " ( & # 1060; & # 1043; & # 1059; & # 1055; "& # 1053; & # 1048; & # 1048; & # 1048; & # 1055;" ).
In the beginning of its activity, the institute provided the production of measuring instruments and connecting means for radar means manufactured „ & # 1079; & # 1072; & # 1074; & # 1086; & # 1076; & # 1086; & # 1084; & # 1080; & # 1084; & # 1077; & # 1085; & # 1080; & # 1050; & # 1086; & # 1084; & # 1080; & # 1085; & # 1090; & # 1077; & # 1088; & # 1085; & # 1072; Later, after stabilizing the team of developers and mastering the necessary technologies, the institute began to develop and produce separate types of radar technology with a dual purpose:
- "OWN - FOREIGN" target recognition recognition systems
- surveillance radars (RKO - circular horizon radars)
Over the years, NIIIP has become a major site for the development and manufacture of ground-based instruments for target recognition systems. Until 1982 (when the production of NRZ devices was centralized at another manufacturer), the institute provided a large volume of production of ground recognition devices (NRZ - & # 1085; & # 1072; & # 1079; & # 1077; & # 1084; & # 1085; & # 1099; & # 1093; & # 1088; & # 1072; & # 1076; & # 1080; & # 1086; & # 1079; & # 1072; & # 1087; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1089; & # 1095; & # 1080; & # 1082; & # 1086; & # 1074; (& # 1053; & # 1056; & # 1047;)),
1950 - development of the "Krapiva" system completed (" & # 1050; & # 1088; & # 1072; & # 1087; & # 1080; & # 1074; & # 1072; ") for the autonomous NRZ Kremnyj-1 (" & # 1050; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1084; & # 1085; & # 1080; & # 1081; -1 ")
1955 - completed development of the Tantal-3 system for NRZ Kremnyj-2 intended for incorporation into other radars.
1955 - Malachite system development completed (" & # 1052; & # 1072; & # 1083; & # 1072; & # 1093; & # 1080; & # 1090; ") for a radio theodolite of complex atmospheric monitoring. This device has gained great expansion not only in the USSR but also abroad (it was successfully used, for example, by the first Soviet Antarctic expedition in the International Year of Solar Monitoring).
1957 - development of the "Kopija" radar system completed (" & # 1050; & # 1086; & # 1087; & # 1100; & # 1077;[/i ] ") (chief designer of AI Rasskazov ( & # 1040;. & # 1048 ;. & # 1056; & # 1072; & # 1089; & # 1089; & # 1082; & # 1072; Â & # x20AC; & # x153; The radar-controlled lighting system also enabled the guidance of its own fighter aircraft.
1960 - Completed development of "Céder" and "Quantum" systems (" & # 1050; & # 1077; & # 1076; & # 1088; "a" & # 1050; & # 1074; & # 1072; & # 1085; & # 1090; ") (chief designer of AA Jurov ( & # 1040;. & # 1040 ;. & # 1070; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1074;)) for NRZ Kremnyj-2M (" & # 1050; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1084; & # 1085; & # 1080; & # 1081; -2 & # 1052; ").
1960 - completed work on the "Shar" system (" & # 1064; & # 1072; & # 1088;") - used for verification and research of possibilities of antennas with electronic beam deflection (FAR antennas).
1962 - completed work on the "Mockup" system (" & # 1052; & # 1072; & # 1082; & # 1077; & # 1090;[/i ] ") - for the needs of research into optimal processing of composite signals
1965 - completed work on the unified radar of the circular horizon 1S12 (1RL111D) ( 1 & # 1057; 12 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 111 & # 1044;)) - mobile radar on one crawler chassis, with preparation time for combat use approx. 5 min. Radar 1S12 was used in PLRK 2K11 "Krug"., 1RL111D in cooperation with an altimeter at radar survey stations. Behind this radar was the chief designer V.V Rajzberg ( & # 1042;. & # 1042 ;.& # 1056; & # 1072; & # 1081; & # 1079; & # 1073; & # 1077; & # 1088; & # 1075;) became a laureate of the Lenin Council in 1967 ( & # 1051; & # 1072; & # 1091; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1072; & # 1090; & # 1072; & # 1051; & # 1077; & # 1085; & # 1080; & # 1085; & # 1089; & # 1082; & # 1086; & # 1081; & # 1087; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1084; & # 1080; & # 1080; )
1965 - completed work on the "Beam" system (" & # 1051; & # 1091; & # 1095;") - tracking system beam deflections of electronically deflected beam antennas in perspective circular horizon radars.
1967 - completed work on the "Prism" system (" & # 1055; & # 1088; & # 1080; & # 1079; & # 1084; & # 1072 ; ") - research into the creation of multifunctional (multifunctional) radars with antennas formed by a phase antenna array. ( & # 1092; & # 1072; & # 1079; & # 1080; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1074; & # 1072; & # 1085; & # 1085; & # 1086; & # 1081; & # 1072; & # 1085; & # 1090; & # 1077; & # 1085; & # 1085; & # 1086; & # 1081; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1096; & # 1077; & # 1090; & # 1082; & # 1086; & # 1081; (& # 1060; & # 1040; & # 1056;)
1968 - completed modernization of the unified radar of the circular horizon 1S12A (1RL128D) ([ i] 1 & # 1057; 12 & # 1040; ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 128 & # 1044;)), including increasing the target detection distance flying at low altitudes as in 1S12 (1RL111D) ( 1 & # 1057; 12 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 111 & # 1044;)) and also added the ability to partially measure the third coordinate of the target (position angle).
1971 - "Konus" system development completed (" & # 1050; & # 1086; & # 1085; & # 1091; & # 1089; "), which tested the possibilities of different variants of antennas with electronic beam deflection.
1975 - development of "Parol-4" systems completed (" & # 1055; & # 1072; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1083; & # 1100; -4 ") and" Parol-5 "(" & # 1055; & # 1072; & # 1088; & # 1086; & # 1083; & # 1100; - 5 ") for autonomous radar interrogators (NRZ, IFF) 71E6 ( 71 & # 1045; 6), 73E6 ( 73 & # 1045; 6), 75E6 ( 75 & # 1045; 6), 1L22 ( 1 & # 1051; 22), and built-in radar interrogators 1L23-6 ( 1 & # 1051; 23-6 ), 76E6 ( 76 & # 1045; 6), 1L24 ( 1 & # 1051; 24) and the Parol 1L26 ( 1 & # 1051; 26). With these systems, the NRZ of the "Parol" system became highly resistant to the processing of a false response signal and gained a high resistance to radio electronic interference. At the same time, a space was created for possible further improvement of this system.
1977 - development of the "Lúč-1" system completed (" & # 1051; & # 1091; & # 1095; -1") for ground radar interrogator 1RL246 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 246) (for anti-aircraft missile kits 9K31 Shot-1 ( 9K31 "& # 1057; & # 1090; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1072; -1") a 9K35 Strela-10 ( 9K35 "& # 1057; & # 1090; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1072; -10 ")) and 1RL 247 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 247 ) (for PPLRK 9K32 Strela-2 ( 9K32 "& # 1057; & # 1090; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1072; -2 ") a 9K34 Strela- 3 (9K34 "& # 1057; & # 1090; & # 1088; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1072; -3"))
1977 - Igla-1 system development completed (" & # 1048; & # 1075; & # 1083; & # 1072; -1 ") for NRZ 1L14 ( 1 & # 1051; 14) PPLRK 9K310 Igla-1 (" & # 1048; & # 1075; & # 1083; & # 1072; -1").The NRZs of these PPLRKs achieved better characteristics than their analogous American counterparts used in PPLRKs FIM-92 Stinger.
1977 - "Dome" system development completed (" & # 1050; & # 1091; & # 1087; & # 1086; & # 1083; ") for mobile unified circular horizon radar 9S18 ( 9 & # 1057; 18) (1RL135 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 135)) on one transport vehicle, comprising a mirror of an antenna using electronic beam deflection in a position angle with mechanical radiation control in azimuth. The system used had a deployment time of up to 5 minutes. Radar 9S18 ( 9 & # 1057; 18) is used in PLRK 9K37 „Buk“ (" & # 1041; & # 1091; & # 1082;") and circular horizon radar 1RL135 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 135) is used in radar survey stations.
1980 - development of the circular horizon radar 5N64 (chief designer of VV Rajzberg ( & # 1042; &. . & # 1056; & # 1072; & # 1081; & # 1079; & # 1073; & # 1077; & # 1088; & # 1075;), JA Kuznecov ( & # 1070;. & # 1040 ;. & # 1050; & # 1091; & # 1079; & # 1085; & # 1077; & # 1094; & # 1086; & # 1074;) system [ url=/viewtopic.php/t/39954] S-300P[/url] ( & # 1057; -300 & # 1055;). This radar was used for the first time with a double-sided phase antenna array with electronically controlled position angle deviation and mechanically controlled azimuthal deviation.This radar was manufactured in two modifications - 5N64K ( ] 5 & # 1053; 64 & # 1050;) - container variant a 5N64S ( 5 & # 1053; 64 & # 1057;) ( 5N64A ( 5 & # 1053; 64 & # 104 0;)) - self-propelled (automobile) variant, on the chassis and trailer of a heavy truck MAZ-74106 -9988 ( & # 1052; & # 1040; & # 1047; -74106-9988) in three containers. The development and preparation time for this radar is less than 5 minutes. Radar 5N64 ( 5 & # 1053; 64) provided tracking of targets within the needs of the command post PLRK S-300P (& # 1057; -300 & # 1055;).
1983 - development of the "Horizon-3" system completed (" & # 1054; & # 1073; & # 1079; & # 1086; & # 1088; -3 ") for the 9S15M Mobile Unified Circular Horizon Radar ( 9 & # 1057; 15 & # 1052;) (1RL140 ( 1 & # 1056; # 1051; 140)). RL 9S15M ( 9 & # 1057; 15 & # 1052;) is used in PLRK S- 300V ( & # 1057; -300 & # 1042;) and RL 1RL140 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 140[/i ]) for work in radar survey stations. In RL 9S15M ( 9 & # 1057; 15 & # 1052; (1RL140 ( 1 & # 1056; & # 1051; 140)) is used single-sided flat waveguide phased array antenna (from S-type waveguides ( & # 1064; - & # 1074; & # 1086; & # 1083; & # 1085; & # 1086; & # 1074; & # 1086; & # 1076; & # 1086; & # 1074;)) with electronically controlled beam at position angle and mechanical beam control in azimuth with variable speed.
1983 - Target Tracking Station development completed ( & # 1089; & # 1090; & # 1072; & # 1085; & # 1094; & # 1080; & # 1080; & # 1086; & # 1073; & # 1085; & # 1072; & # 1088; & # 1091; & # 1078; & # 1077; & # 1085; & # 1080; & # 1103; & # 1094; & # 1077; & # 1083; & # 1077; & # 1081; (& # 1057; & # 1054; & # 1062;)) 9S18M1 ( 9 & # 1057; 18 & # 1052; 1) belonging to PLRK "Buk-M1". This radar uses a single-sided flat waveguide phase antenna system and electronic beam deflection in the position angle and mechanical control in azimuth with variable speed.A 9S18M1E radar modification ( 9 & # 1057; 18 & # 1052; 1 & # 1069;) is produced for export.
1988 - radar development completed 64N6 ( 64 & # 1053; 6 automated system url=/viewtopic.php/t/40093] 83M6[/url] ( 83 & # 1052; 6) PLRK S-300PMU-1 ( & # 1057; -300 & # 1055; & # 1052; & # 1059; 1). The radar 64N6 is, unlike its predecessor 5N64, located in two containers on the same chassis MAZ-74106 -9988 ( & # 1052; & # 1040; & # 1047; -7410-9988), has increased target detection distance, improved immunity to radio interference, and reduced production requirements. The development time remained less than 5 minutes. Modification 64N6E ( 64 & # 1053; 6 & # 1045;) is intended for export.
1990 - completed development of the mobile radar of the circular horizon 9S15M2 ( 9 & # 1057; 15 & # 1052; 2) located on one transport vehicle for PLR S -300VM ( & # 1057; -300 & # 1042; & # 1052;). In addition to detecting the target, the radar is also able to process information about the target and is able to sell this information to the command post of the S-300VM system ( & # 1057; -300 & # 1042; & # 1052;) . In the radar, some analog radar information processing systems are replaced by digital systems. The system used has improved the processing of signals received from radio interference and is also easier to manufacture and maintain.
In the years 1990 -1999, the institute, like many other similar institutions of the USSR military-industrial complex, got into existential problems, but nevertheless retained the ability to research, develop and train future experts in the field of radioelectronics. research and development.
The institute is currently working on the modernization of current radar technology and on the development of next generations of radars.