Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX

     
Název:
Name:
Supermarine Spitfire PR. Mk.XIX Supermarine Spitfire PR. Mk.XIX
Originální název:
Original Name:
Supermarine Spitfire PR. Mk.XIX
Kategorie:
Category:
průzkumný/pozorovací letoun reconnaissance/scout aeroplane
Výrobce:
Producer:
DD.MM.1944-DD.05.1946 Castle Bromwich Aircraft Factory, Castle Bromwich
Období výroby:
Production Period:
DD.MM.1944-DD.05.1946
Vyrobeno kusů:
Number of Produced:
225
První vzlet:
Maiden Flight:
DD.04.1944
Osádka:
Crew:
1
Základní charakteristika:
Basic Characteristics:
 
Vzlet a přistání:
Take-off and Landing:
CTOL - konvenční vzlet a přistání CTOL - conventional take-off and landing
Uspořádání křídla:
Arrangement of Wing:
jednoplošník monoplane
Uspořádání letounu:
Aircraft Concept:
klasické conventional
Podvozek:
Undercarriage:
zatahovací retractable
Přistávací zařízení:
Landing Gear:
kola wheels
Technické údaje:
Technical Data:
 
Hmotnost prázdného letounu:
Empty Weight:
2960 kg 6526 lb
Vzletová hmotnost:
Take-off Weight:
4082 kg 8999 lb
Maximální vzletová hmotnost:
Maximum Take-off Weight:
4740 kg 10450 lb
Rozpětí:
Wingspan:
11,230 m 36ft 10in
Délka:
Length:
9,970 m 32ft 8,5in
Výška:
Height:
3,850 m 12ft 7,5in
Plocha křídla:
Wing Area:
22,48 m2 241.97 ft2
Plošné zatížení:
Wing Loading:
181,58 kg/m2 37.19 lb/ft2
Pohon:
Propulsion:
 
Kategorie:
Category:
pístový piston
Počet motorů:
Number of Engines:
1
Typ:
Type:
Rolls-Royce Griffon 65, kapalinou chlazený dvanáctiválec s válci do V o výkonu 1 517,5 kW (pouze prvních 20 letadel)
Rolls-Royce Griffon 66, kapalinou chlazený dvanáctiválec s válci do V o výkonu 1,517.5 kW.
Vrtule pětilistá Rotol Jablo s konstantními otáčkami o průměru 3 170 mm
Rolls-Royce Griffon 65, twelve-cylinder liquid-cooled Vee engine rated 2,035 hp at take-off, only first twenty aircraft, late
Rolls-Royce Griffon 66, twelve-cylinder liquid-cooled Vee engine rated 2,035 hp at take-off,
driving a five-blade constant-speed propeller type Rotol of 10 ft 5 in diameter.
Objem palivových nádrží:
Fuel Tank Capacity:
1 154,6 l ve vnitřních nádržích. Pod letoun mohla být podvěšena přídavná nádrž o objemu 772,8 l, v praxi byla použita přídavná nádrž o objemu 409,15 l. 254 UK gallons internally, and it could carry a 170 UK gallon drop tank, although the largest size used on operations was 90 UK gallons.
Výkony:
Performance:
 
Maximální rychlost:
Maximum Speed:
724.2 km/h v 7925 m 450 mph in 26000 ft
Cestovní rychlost:
Cruise Speed:
635.7 km/h v 6096 m 395 mph in 20000 ft
Rychlost stoupání:
Climb Rate:
23,53 m/s 4631.9 ft/min
Čas výstupu na výšku:
Time to Climb to:
7,0 min do 6096 m 7,0 min to 20000 ft
Operační dostup:
Service Ceiling:
12984 m 42600 ft
Dolet:
Range:
1625.4 km 1010 mi
Maximální dolet:
Maximum Range:
2896.8 km 1800 mi
Výzbroj:
Armament:
žádná None
Uživatelské státy:
User States:






Poznámka:
Note:
- Kamery: 2x F.8 nebo 2x F.24 nebo 2x 52 vertikálně a 1x F.24 pro šikmé snímkování
- Tento průzkumný Spitfire měl základ v následujících verzích trup ze Spitfiru F Mk.XIV, křídla byla převzata od typu Mk.XI a kabina zase od Spitfiru PR. Mk.X.
- Ve službě zcela nahradil Spitfire PR Mk XI.
- Letoun měl přetlakovou kabinu (vyjma prvních 22 ks)
- Po válce sloužily ve Švédsku, Malajsii, Indii a Thajsku.
- RAF vyřadila tento typ v dubnu 1954.
- Piloti s těmito letouny údajně dosahovali výšky 14 900 m.
- The Pr XIX first flew in April 1944. It entered service in May 1944. The last operation flight by an RAF Spitfire was made by a PR Mk.XIX on 1 April 1954. Three continued to fly with the Temperature and Humidity Flight, performing meteorological research, until they were finally retired on 10 June 1957.
- It was produced by taking combining the Mk.XIV fuselage, PR Mk.XI wings and PR Mk.X cabin.
- All but the first 22 of the 225 produced had a pressurised cockpit.
- The PR XIX first flew in April 1944. It entered service in May 1944. The last operation flight by an RAF Spitfire was made by a PR XIX on 1 April 1954. Three continued to fly with the Temperature and Humidity Flight, performing meteorological research, until they were finally retired on 10 June 1957.
Zdroje:
Sources:
David Brown, The Spitfire That Went to Sea, Greenhill Books, London 1989. ISBN: 1-85367-039-1.
Pavel Berger a Zdeněk Svoboda, Stíhací letouny Spitfire s motorem Griffon, Naše vojsko, rok 1994, ISBN 80-206-0489-8
Jerry Scutts, Squadron/Signal, Aircraft No. 39, Spitfire in Action
Pavel Berger a Zdeněk Svoboda, Stíhací letouny Spitfire s motorem Griffon, Naše vojsko, rok 1994, ISBN 80-206-0489-8
Václav Němeček, Vojenská letadla 3 díl, druhé doplněné vydání, Naše Vojsko, Praha 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
L+K č 5, 6, 7 a 8 / 1992, Z. Pátek a R. Theiner, Monografie
http://ipmsstockholm.org/.../...detail_spit19.htm
http://www.spitfiresociety.demon.co.uk/spitdev.htm
http://www.flickr.com/photos/sypix/240838864/ - fotografie
http://www.militaryairshows.net/spits/ps853.jpg - fotografie
archiv autora
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Supermarine-Spitfire-PR-Mk-XIX-t48228#189074 Version : 0

Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX[/heading]
Brief history:
This version of the purely reconnaissance Spitfire was established on the basis of the requirements for the RAF for reconnaissance flights at high altitudes using the exploratory version of the Spitfire PR Mk.X (with pressurized cabin), and above all, a much more PR Mk.XI (non-pressurised). These aircraft operated completely without weaponry and their only defense was their operating height and speed, but the performance of the German fighters is still increasing and so in 1943 the RAF commissioned the firm of Supermarine requirement to have installed a more powerful engine Rolls-Royce Griffon, which has already proved its worth in fighter jets (Spitfire Mk. XII and Mk. XIV), the reconnaissance version of the Spitfire. The company Supermarine to this request she answered Type 389, which could be described as the conjunction of the torso Spitfire FR Mk.XIVE and wing versions of the Spitfire PR Mk.XI. Recall that the Spitfire PR Mk.XI had a wing completely stripped of armament, but it was modified into the form of integral fuel tanks with a volume 604,6 liters. The cabin of the new machine didn't have the frontal armored glass, the whole was molded from plexiglas and has not yet been pressurized. The drive unit was Griffon 65, spinning-petal propeller Rotol type R-19/5F5/1 with a diameter of 3 to 170 mm.

That was the first prototype of a new reconnaissance machines, which flew in may 1944, during the tests proved to be a successful aircraft and was recommended for serial production. The royal air force at that time required a reconnaissance machine less than a aircraft fighter and so the first "nineteen-year-old" was included in the armament with a considerable delay. The first twenty-one produced aircraft were produced, somehow, temporarily, their wing was unarmed, but did not installed the additional fuel tanks, it could, therefore, speak rather of an unarmed version of the PR Mk.XIV. Engine Griffon, however, had much higher fuel consumption than the original Merlin engine and so these aircraft were flying with external fuel tank volume 90 UK gal (409 l) and tested was the tank 170 gallonová (773 l), which is substantiated by photographs Spirfiru PR Mk.XIX Sn. PS858, these tanks were later excessively used. From the 22 production aircraft, was already installed in the wing "reconnaissance", equipped with internal tanks of fuel. Engineers in each half of the wings have managed to literally cram more fuel tank volume is 87.5 liters and the total quantity of fuel carried in the internal tanks is increased up to 1 154, 6mm l, but at the cost of longitudinal instability, the cause filling the fuselage tank behind the cab (141 l). Another change made at the beginning of the production (from the ... ... the aeroplane) was the installation of a pressurized cabin and with it a necessary change to the engine, the pressurised cabins was supplied air with a pressure of 0.17 bar (0,168 atm) engine Griffon 66, which had performance identical to the Griffonem 65, so was the Supermarine Type 390. In total, the may 1946 made 225 reconnaissance Spitů PR Mk.XIX. This version was the last version that still had the original elliptical wing (Spitfire Mk.XX was přeznačený prototype Mk.IV with the engine Griffon, he was so much older).

Operational deployment:

Although it came a new aircraft to the units of the RAF rather late, replaced the end of the war the older reconnaissance Spitfires PR Mk.XI almost completely. The performances of the new machine were excellent, a maximum speed and a large operating height, it was the only protection of the aircraft and a speed of 600 km/h at a height of 12 to 200 meters, it was almost invulnerable. In the postwar years was achieved when the height of the flight approaching the threshold of 15 000 metres. The performances of the engine even more increased with the use of high octane fuel, because it was possible to increase the filling plaque the compressor. When using gasoline with an octane rating of 150, it was possible to increase the filling pressure to a value 1,724 bars and the performance of the engine in safe mode has risen up to a value of 1771 kW (2 375 hp). This gasoline had a British available since may 1945. Until the arrival of the jet Mig 15 didn't actually exist aircraft that could "three-quarters to capture and effectively attack.

British pilots, who on this machine upgraded from a older exploration Spitfire PR Mk.X and PR Mk.XI, however, the new aircraft at all neoblíbili. The reason was the same as that of their fellow tank - engine Griffon, he had higher fuel consumption and thus decreased the value of the maximum range of nearly 500 km and even in spite of the increase in the volume of the design team of the tanks, the higher the rate of this loss in the eyes of the pilots nevykompenzovala. The higher the weight of the engine was the cause of lower controllability and, above all, the engine of the Griffon rotated in the opposite direction than the old Merlin. The aircraft so differently behaved especially at startup and during landing, and this for piles unusual behavior was also higher weight cinquefoil propeller, which had a higher overturning moment than what had propeller.
After the war the british "devatenáctky" operationally operated in Palestiněin this conflict, they could use some weapons and in Malaysia, where it was again unnecessary high speed and long range. Operationally over Malaysia nineteen-year-old flew in 1954. In the british air force subsequently flown several of these planes up to the year 1957 and it the meteorological service. The last and rather unusual task, which he fulfilled this type of Spitfire in the british air force, was the role of "sparring partner" for the pilots of the jet BAC destroyed lightnings, in 1963, the need arose to develop for these modern fighters suitable tactics to fight against the indonesian Broncos, which could get into conflict. Great Britain had at that time bases in Malaysia and that after its creation (31. 8. 1957), but especially after its enlargement about the Singapore, Sorovak and Sabah (ex-british colony North Borneo) (16. 9. 1963) got into conflict with Indonesia. In 1964 there has been armed clashes between indonesian and malaysian troops on the border in northern Borneo, malaysian crisis lasted until the year 1966 (the territorial demands up to the year 1977 amounted and Philippines).

After the second world war, this type of got into the equipment of foreign users, the most prominent feature of such a user was Sweden, which in the years 1948-1949 purchased a total of 50 aircraft. Indian the air force used 12 of these reconnaissance Spitfires, four aircraft it had in its arsenal Turkish the air force and three aircraft purchased by the air force of Thailand and for the sake of completeness, in September 1945, tried two "devatenáctky" USAF.


Used springs:
Cyril R. Russell, Spitfire Odyssey My Life At Supermarines 1936-1957, Kingfisher Railway Productions, UK, 1985, ISBN: 0 946184 186
Richard Ward, Supermarine Spitfire Mk. XII-24, Supermarine Seafire Mk.-47., Aircam Aviation Series No.8, Arco Pub, 1969, ISBN-13: 978-0668021098
Paul Berger and Zdenek Svoboda, the Fighter aircraft Spitfire with the engine Griffon, Our army, 1994, ISBN 80-206-0489-8
Vaclav Nemecek, Military aircraft 3 part, the second supplemented edition, Our Troops, Prague 1992, ISBN 80-206-0117-1
L+K č 5, 6, 7 and 8 / 1992, Zdeněk Friday and Robert Theiner, Monograph Supermarine Spitfire Mk. IV, XII, XIV and XIX (engines, Griffon)
www.ipmsstockholm.org
http://www.airwar.ru/enc/spyww2/spitpr19.html
author archive
.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Supermarine-Spitfire-PR-Mk-XIX-t48228#331868 Version : 0
Photos of this version of the Spitfire, which has been preserved, are very often published, I will choose a few.
Sources are listed above.
Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Supermarine-Spitfire-PR-Mk-XIX-t48228#189078 Version : 0
The museum of Linkoping, own photo

The aircraft was in tribute to the 50 piece introduced in svedskem the air force under the oznacenim With 31. Aircraft these shifts has at Södermanlands flygflottilj (F 11)..
Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


Supermarine Spitfire PR Mk.XIX -


URL : https://www.valka.cz/Supermarine-Spitfire-PR-Mk-XIX-t48228#543720 Version : 0
Discussion post Fact post
Attachments


Join us

We believe that there are people with different interests and experiences who could contribute their knowledge and ideas. If you love military history and have experience in historical research, writing articles, editing text, moderating, creating images, graphics or videos, or simply have a desire to contribute to our unique system, you can join us and help us create content that will be interesting and beneficial to other readers.

Find out more