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Introduction The aim of this work is to summarize the basic theoretical knowledge in the field of mediation as a method of resolving international disputes, especially in peace negotiations and apply it to two case studies ( Camp David and Camp David II ), which will be compared with regard to the application of mediation, negotiations, subjects and their strategies and, last but not least, success.

1. Mediation The first historically recorded mediation took place four thousand years ago in ancient Mesopotamia, when the Sumerian monarch helped avert war between neighboring groups and tried to persuade them to reach an agreement on the disputed territory. Thus, as the Sumerians have found, the involvement of a neutral third party not directly concerned by the conflict in the role of mediator in its resolution makes it possible to overcome obstacles in relations between the parties to the dispute. hardly possible or even impossible.

2. Camp David Relations between the United States and Israel play an important role in the Middle East peace processes. Two planes can be observed here. First, the United States is interested in having a strategic ally in the Middle East in the form of a democratic state, which is Israel, with which special relations are being built. This strategy was started by JF Kennedy in the 1960s, when he began supplying weapons to Israel. The second is an effort to force Israel to make concessions and reach a peaceful solution to the conflict with the participation of Arab states, which would mean an increase in American influence in the region, in the form of a network of allied relations with moderate Arab states.

3. Camp David II The 39th US President George W. Bush was replaced in 1993 by Democrat Bill Clinton. He succeeded in the elections due to his orientation to domestic politics, but he himself did not have much interest or experience (as did Jimmy Carter) in the field of foreign policy. The 1990s were marked by strong optimism. The collapse of the Soviet Union marked the end of the Cold War, from which the United States emerged as the world's only superpower, and the success of Bush's Gulf policy strengthened the United States' position among Arab countries. They began to lean towards the United States to find a new orientation after the disappearance of the Soviet Union.

4. Comparison of Camp David I and II During the first summit at Camp David in 1978, there was an effective and exemplary application of the one-text method to the Sinai question, in which the interests of Israeli security and Egyptian sovereignty in the territories were pursued from the positions of both sides demanding Sinai, which has been a part of it since the time of the pharaohs. The division of the territory between the two parties was therefore not acceptable to Egypt. In the end, based on interests, they agreed that Sinai would be under Egyptian sovereignty, but much of it would be demilitarized, ensuring Israel's security.

Conclusion At the Camp David summit in 2000, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat and US President Bill Clinton acted as mediators. No agreement was reached this time and the negotiations failed. Both parties agreed that the final agreement must resolve the conflict as a whole, so a partial or transitional solution was out of the question. The Palestinian-Israeli conflict has proved too complicated to be resolved by a hastily convened summit.

The aim of the thesis is to summarize the basic theoretical knowledge in the field of mediation as a method of resolving international disputes, especially in peace negotiations and apply it to two case studies (Camp David and Camp David II), which will be compared with regard to the application of mediation, negotiations, subjects and their strategies and, last but not least, their success.