Vian, Philip L.

velkoadmirál
     
Příjmení:
Surname:
Vian Vian
Jméno:
Given Name:
Philip Philip
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
Philip Louis Vian
Fotografie či obrázek:
Photograph or Picture:
Hodnost:
Rank:
velkoadmirál Admiral of the Fleet
Akademický či vědecký titul:
Academic or Scientific Title:
- -
Šlechtický titul:
Hereditary Title:
- -
Datum, místo narození:
Date and Place of Birth:
14.06.1894 Londýn /
14.06.1894 London /
Datum, místo úmrtí:
Date and Place of Decease:
27.05.1968 Ashford Hill
27.05.1968 Ashford Hill
Nejvýznamnější funkce:
(maximálně tři)
Most Important Appointments:
(up to three)
- velitel Východního úkolového uskupení - Commander of the Eastern Task Force
Jiné významné skutečnosti:
(maximálně tři)
Other Notable Facts:
(up to three)
- -
Související články:
Related Articles:

Zdroje:
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Vian
foto: http://www.npgprints.com/image.php?imgref=53168
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Vian-Philip-L-t13216#492059 Version : 0
     
Příjmení:
Surname:
Vian Vian
Jméno:
Given Name:
Philip Philip
Jméno v originále:
Original Name:
Philip Louis Vian
Všeobecné vzdělání:
General Education:
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Vojenské vzdělání:
Military Education:
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Důstojnické hodnosti:
Officer Ranks:
31.12.1934 námořní kapitán
08.07.1941 kontradmirál
08.05.1945 viceadmirál
26.09.1948 admirál
01.06.1952 velkoadmirál
31.12.1934 Captain at sea
08.07.1941 Rear Admiral
08.05.1945 Vice Admiral
26.09.1948 Admiral
01.06.1952 Admiral of the Fleet
Průběh vojenské služby:
Military Career:
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Vyznamenání:
Awards:
Poznámka:
Note:
- -
Zdroje:
Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Vian
www.admirals.org.uk
www.london-gazette.co.uk
www.london-gazette.co.uk
www.london-gazette.co.uk
www.admirals.org.uk
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Vian-Philip-L-t13216#500591 Version : 0
Admiral of the Fleet Philip Louis Vian



Born June 15, 1894 in London. He graduated from the Royal Naval Academy in Osborn and Dartmouth. During the of the First World War he served on the destroyer HMS Morning Star and took part in the Battle of Jutland in 1916, although his ship did not play a major role in this encounter. The following year he was promoted to lieutenant and served on the destroyers HMS Ossory and HMS Sorceress for the rest of the war. After the war he specialized in artillery.


In 1929 he was promoted to commander and served in the Far East on HMS Kent. In December 1929 he married Marjorie Haig and spent 2 years at the Ministry of the Navy. Then in 1932 he joined the service of HMS Active as a division commander of the 3rd Destroyer Fleet in the Mediterranean. In 1934 he was promoted to captain and commanded the 19th Destroyer Fleet (Mediterranean) with which he was sent to defend Malta during the Abyssinian crisis. He was later transferred to the command of the 1st Destroyer Fleet and in July 1936, after the outbreak Spanish Civil War, was involved in the evacuation of British refugee citizens and served as a floating communications center for ambassadors. After a brief stint at the Royal Naval Academy in Greenwich, he was appointed flag captain of Rear Admiral Lionel Wells at HMS Arethusa, flagship of the 3rd Cruiser squadrons in the Mediterranean.


In August 1939, he was appointed captain of a fleet of elderly destroyers based in Devonport. During the short period of his command, aboard HMS Mackay, he came into close contact with a German submarine attacking a tanker. In January 1940, he was appointed to command the 4th Destroyer Fleet aboard HMS Cossack, for accompanying tasks near Scandinavia.


In February 1940, Vian led his fleet in search of the German ship Altmark. It was known that British prisoners were placed on it, who were transferred here from a pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee. After a long search, he was spotted in Norwegian waters, hiding in the Jossing Fjord. Vian approached the ship with his destroyer HMS Cossack, and from his deck broke into the Altmark raid commando, which freed 300 prisoners after a short skirmish with the crew. Vian was rewarded for this promotion with DSO (Distinguished Service Order).


Shortly afterwards, Vian was temporarily transferred aboard HMS Alfridi and participated in the Norwegian campaign during April to June 1940. He participated in many actions, including the evacuation of Namsos, during which his ship was sunk. He was mentioned in the commendation report ( Mentioned in Despatches) for his participation in the event. In May, he returned to Cossack and in October 1940 participated in Operation DM to destroy the German convoy off the Norwegian coast. For this event he was awarded a buckle to his DSO (1st Bar). He spent the rest of the winter with accompanying tasks.


In the period from 24 to 27 May 1941, he participated in the search for the German battleship Bismarck. Along with the Home Fleet ships under Admiral Tovey, the fleet tracked and attacked the damaged Bismarck, which was eventually sunk on May 27, 1941. Vian received a 2nd Bar to his DSO.


In July 1941, at the age of 47, Vian was specially promoted to Rear Admiral by the First Lord of the Admiralty, Sir Dudley Pound. He was sent to Russia to negotiate maritime cooperation between the two countries. The negotiations were unsuccessful. He was then transferred to Force K to Scapa Flow, to prepare convoys to Russia. As part of the preparations, Force K, under the command of Viana aboard HMS Nigeria, was sent to Svalbard and Bear Islands, where, in August 1941, they destroyed mining facilities in Svalbard, took Norwegian settlers and evacuated the Russian colony back to Russia. During their return, they intercepted a report of a German convoy in the area.Vian attacked the convoy in Hammer Fjord where, due to the nature of the fight, the ship HMS Nigeria rammed and halved the German training ship Bremse. A few weeks after the incident, the first Russian convoys sailed and Force K was disbanded.


In October 1941, Vian took command of the 15th Cruiser Squadron in Alexandria. There were a small number of vessels and the enemy had a considerable advantage. The main task of the British forces was to ensure the survival of Malta by supporting supply convoys and destroying the supply convoys of the Axis forces supplying forces in North Africa. In December, Vian successfully attacked Dern and later this month led his first convoy to Malta, which resulted in the first battle of Sirta, where he clashed with Italian forces. At the beginning of March 1942, his flagship HMS Naiad was sunk, accompanied by a small group to Malta. Vian survived the sinking and moved to HMS Cleopatra. At the end of the month, he led another convoy to Malta. While sailing, he encountered an Italian fleet led by the same admiral as in December, and the second battle of Sirta began. Due to bravery and superiority in tactics, merchant ships escaped destruction, while the enemy fleet suffered serious damage. As a result, one ship arrived safely, one landed on a beach in Malta, and a third sank. Vian received a personal congratulatory message from Winston Churchill. Vian was appointed Knight-Commander of the British Empire ( Knight Commander of the British Empire) on March 31, 1942.


After a failed convoy to Malta in June, his health deteriorated, and in September 1942, Vian was sent home to rest. When the plane he flew crashed in West Africa, he contracted malaria and was seriously ill for several months. Although he was better, in April 1943 he could only be assigned to the coastal service, which was nothing for him. He was then appointed to a position on the staff that planned invasion in Europe. But before he could begin, he was sent back to the Mediterranean to take command of an amphibious force whose commander died in a plane crash. He commanded these forces during Operation Husky, a successful landing in Sicily in July 1943, and again commanded a squadron in support of Operation Avalanche, a landing in Salerno the following September. Vian returned to England and took command of the Eastern Fleet in January 1943 in preparation for landing in Normandy. On board HMS Scylla commanded three British formations during the initial attack in June 1944. In November he was promoted to Vice Admiral and appointed Knight Commander of the Spa Order (Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath) for his service during the landing in Normandy. In addition, he was mentioned four times in a laudatory report ( Mentioned in Despatches). He was then appointed to command a squadron of aircraft carriers and joined the British Pacific Fleet, working with the Americans to fight the Japanese. The fleet undertook four attacks against oil refineries in Sumatra, and in March 1945 participated in the conquest of Okinawa.


After finishing 2. World War II Vian, after his return from the Pacific, became the Fifth Lord of the Admiralty in charge of the naval air force. Until 1948, when he was promoted to admiral. In addition to British honors, he was awarded the American DSM in 1946, the Medal of the Order of St. Olav (Norway), the Danish Order of the Danneborg and the French Croix de Guerre, became a member of the French Legion d'Honneur a Legion of Merit. In 1950, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Home Fleet with HMS Vanguard as his flagship. He remained in this position until his retirement in 1952. Upon his departure, he was promoted to Admiral of Fleet, a rank normally awarded only to the first Lord of the Admiralty for his services during World War II.In addition, he was awarded the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, ie he became a knight of the Grand Cross of the Spa Order.


After completing his service, he took on several director's positions. He died at his home in Ashford Hill, near Newbury on May 27, 1968.



translated from www.royalnavalmuseum.org
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Vian-Philip-L-t13216#46907 Version : 0
Captain Philip Vian on the bridge in search of Altmark
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Vian-Philip-L-t13216#46918 Version : 0

This post has not been translated to English yet. Please use the TRANSLATE button above to see machine translation of this post.

HMS Cossack, se zachráněnými námořníky z Altmarku na palubě, při příjezdu do přístavu Leith ve Skotsku, 17. února 1940.
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Vian-Philip-L-t13216#48411 Version : 0

This post has not been translated to English yet. Please use the TRANSLATE button above to see machine translation of this post.

Admirál Vian jedná s americkým admirálem Halseym na palubě USS Missouri, 1945
Vian, Philip L. - Admirál Vian jedná s americkým admirálem Halseym na palubě USS Missouri, 1945

Admirál Vian jedná s americkým admirálem Halseym na palubě USS Missouri, 1945
URL : https://www.valka.cz/Vian-Philip-L-t13216#157467 Version : 0
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