Armenia (ARM)

Introduction Even before the final disintegration of the Soviet Union, riots began to grow in the Soviet Socialist Republic of Azerbaijan, at the heart of which was the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute. This mountainous territory is appropriated for historical and ethnic reasons by both the Azerbaijani and Armenian nations. The declaration of an independent Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia in 1991 exacerbated the conflict to such an extent that a several-year war broke out, at the end of which Azerbaijan was militarily defeated and Armenia took control of almost a fifth of Azerbaijan's territory.

1. The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in the regional contextThe unresolved Nagorno-Karabakh dispute is a major factor in relations between Azerbaijan and Armenia and at the same time a major cause of instability in the region as a whole. It is a mountainous area with an area of 4,800 km ² , located in the west of today's Azerbaijan.

2. Characteristics of Turkish-Armenian relations The events in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th century became a significant milestone in the formation of Turkish-Armenian relations. In 1882, 1.125 million Armenians lived here, making up 17.5% of the population, and according to the constitution, they had the status of a self-governing nation under Ottoman sovereignty.

3. Impact of recent events on the development of the region and on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Around 2009, it was assumed that the best way to normalize Turkish-Armenian relations and thus resolve the stalemate in the South Caucasus would be to strictly separate the issues at stake. Armenia and Turkey were to establish diplomatic relations and open a common border without any further conditions, especially those related to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the events of 1915. The whole process was to concern only Turkey and Armenia, other states were not to be involved indirectly.

Conclusion The Nagorno-Karabakh dispute turned out to be an ethnic conflict in which Karabakh territory is claimed for historical and cultural reasons by two countries, namely Azerbaijan, in whose territory the region is located, and Armenia, whose nationality is now the majority of inhabitants of Karabakh. Both sides are trying to prove their former presence in Karabakh by using different interpretations of history.

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Even before the final disintegration of the Soviet Union, riots began to grow in the territory of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Azerbaijan, the core of which was the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute. This mountainous territory is appropriated for historical and ethnic reasons by both the Azerbaijani and Armenian nations. The declaration of an independent Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia in 1991 exacerbated the conflict to such an extent that a several-year war broke out, at the end of which Azerbaijan was militarily defeated and Armenia took control of almost a fifth of Azerbaijan's territory.