Lebanon (LBN)

A portrait of Hasan Nasrallah is seated in the salon of Muhammad Mahdi Barru, the smiling owner of the " best " patisserie in al-Asahira, Baalbek. A charismatic leader of Hezbollah, a Shiite idol and a hero of the " anti-Zionist front " in the eyes of many Arabs, including Sunnis. Muhammad is not an activist of the " Allah Party ". However, he supports it " unconditionally ".

The conflict between the Lebanese Hezbollah movement and the state of Israel in 2006 surprised the whole world with its suddenness and fierceness. However, even an intense military engagement did not solve the problem in the long run. The presented study deals with the issue of so-called "premature peacekeeping", which may have contributed to the tie.

Today, the Hezbollah movement is clearly a phenomenon that transcends not only the borders of Lebanon, but also the Middle East itself. Originally an extremist Shiite group, one of the first to become famous for suicide bombings, it has become one of the most important political forces in Lebanon. Hezbollah has become a phenomenon that is very popular among Sunni Muslims, especially as a symbol of successful resistance to Israel. This is largely due to its successful establishment as a political player in Lebanon. And it is the process of its institutionalization in Lebanese society and on the political scene that is the main subject of this text. It tries to describe the changes in ideology, political behavior and in the military behavior of Hezbollah. It seeks to identify the influences that have influenced its institutionalization, and overall it wants to contribute to understanding why this movement has been so successful. The year 1992 is a turning point for the work and the work deals in more detail with the development until the year 2000, when the Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon took place, which marked another breakthrough in the institutionalization of Hezbollah and its definitive establishment on the Lebanese and regional political scene.

They called him a "faceless terrorist." Before Osama ibn Ladin claimed responsibility for the September 11, 2001 assassination, the US secret services judged that he, Imad Mughniya, was to blame. Until then, he held the lead in the number of Americans killed in Islamist assassinations around the world. On Tuesday, February 12, his earthly pilgrimage, followed by a great speck of human blood, ended. Whatever one treats, one also lacks. In Damascus, he was killed by a bomb blast located in his off-road Mitsubishi.

Last week was full of dramatic events in the Middle East. Thursday's firing of four rockets from Lebanon to the western Galilee in Israel was almost lost in a flood of reports. The rocket attack on Israel was condemned by Lebanese President Michel Sulayman himself, who called it a breach of the ceasefire, and even by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. Israel retaliated on Friday, announcing that the military had hit "a network of tunnels that do not belong to Hezbollah." He did not fire the missiles - a Sunni terrorist organization affiliated to al-Qaeda, which calls itself the Abdullah Azzam Brigades, joined them.

Israel has been negotiating with the Hamas terrorist movement for three years to release the soldier Gilad Shalit, whom he abducted. Negotiations are complicated, secret, rarely anything penetrates the public. It was recently supposed to be transported to Egypt as a "neutral state" and then exchanged for a group of Palestinian terrorists imprisoned in Israel.

After World War II, in which freedom was expensively redeemed, losses were counted: the war cost 55 million people and the Jews in Europe were almost exterminated. This was a strong impetus for the creation of the UN and many humanitarian organizations, which set themselves the task of not repeating the horrors of war and genocide and preventing wars. However, the war conflicts in the world did not cease, the swords did not turn into blades. The Middle East is at the center of events, where huge oil fields have been discovered. In 1948, the State of Israel was established, which was immediately invaded by the surrounding Arab countries, whose goal was to destroy an independent Jewish state from the very beginning, although its existence was guaranteed by world powers.

For a long time, we regarded Islam as something uniform and Muslims as a whole mass. Today we know that this is not entirely true. According to reports from Iraq, we already know that Muslims of the two main branches of the Islamic religion, Sunnis and Shiites, compete with each other and that their disputes take a very bloody form from time to time. If we were to take stock of the current threats of religious wars, hatred between Sunnis and Shiites would come to the fore.

There is snow on the tops of the Lebanese mountains and a pleasant chill is blowing from the cedar groves. In the past, caravans drove ice from there to cool drinks to the caliphs' courts in Baghdad and the Sultans to Egypt. The mountainous corner, which has long been a refuge for religious minorities, is beautiful and sad at the same time. The history of Lebanon, in short, is "snow that does not cease to mourn." Snow white is constantly colored with the blood of ruthless war. Even today, the violence is not over.

In the 1980s, Israel became the target of overwhelming criticism from the international community. To this end, it is necessary to mention some necessary facts that put this procedure in perspective. After the "Black September" during which Palestinian terrorists were expelled from Jordan, they settled in Lebanon, from where they launched raids on northern Israeli cities.

Water is a basic necessity of life, it is a condition for the functioning of the economy but also of society as a whole. It is therefore the perfect embodiment of the term strategic raw material. Ensuring its supply is therefore a priority for every state, and this priority comes to the fore, especially in regions where there is a shortage of water. One such region is the Middle East…