United States of America (USA)
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In the second half of World War I, the tank was created as a support device for infantry, a kind of mobile stronghold, which was to allow the infantry to advance through enemy defensive zones with numerous wire barriers and multiple trench systems. The defensive zone reached a depth of several tens of kilometers and the whole area was shot by machine guns and cannons. During the advance, the slowly crawling tank not only provided the infantry with protection from the enemy's machine-gun fire, but also silenced enemy fireballs with its cannons and machine guns, dug passages in wire barriers and was able to fill the trenches with hats that he carried ...
Abrams. A tank that became famous during the first and second wars in the Persian Gulf. But its birth was not easy at all, and a long time passed before the armor received new armaments.
The introduction of a new tank did not just mean a new vehicle. The experience from the operation caused a practically complete reconstruction of the armored divisions, because the old organizational structure was unsatisfactory. Only then was the potential of the new tanks properly used.
When the war broke out in Europe in September 1939, American tank units presented a picture of misery and suffering. Even Poland, which was certainly not considered a tank power, was able to build about 700 tanks in the field. There were only about 400 of them in the entire United States, many of which still remembered World War I and were so worn out that they could only be kept in operation with all their might.
Although the development of the M3 tank was initially stalled and technically it was definitely not revolutionary, gradually one of the most widespread tanks in history was created. This was due to balanced performance, quality production and also the general shortage of combat equipment on the part of the Allies.
When the M4 tank appeared at El Alalamein in September 1942, the Axis units were surprised by its superiority over the Panzer IV and Panzer III tanks, and therefore it soon began to be called the king of the battlefield.
M3 tanks were initially forced to perform the tasks of medium or fast tanks, which for obvious reasons did not do well. With the growing number of real medium tanks, the Stuarts were able to be released for reconnaissance tasks, where they proved to be fully effective. Production grew and with it some unexpected problems that needed to be solved.
Light tanks have been developed alongside their heavier counterparts for years, and their journey through history is varied and pretty winding. The last American light tank included in the service was the M551 Sheridan. It was a rather contradictory vehicle with exotic weapons.
The M551 did not gain a very good reputation at the beginning of its deployment, mainly due to its relatively complicated design and hasty deployment in combat. In addition, he found himself on a battlefield for which he was not designed and performed tasks that belonged to the MBT. During the later deployment, he improved his bad reputation and eventually lasted longer than the biggest optimists would expect.
The M60 tank was originally considered a transitional type, but in the end it was one of the most common American tanks. At the time of its creation, there was a rapid development of rocket technology and electronics, which led to the idea of replacing the classic tank with a more futuristic vehicle. However, after the experience from the operational deployment, the designers eventually gladly returned to the proven solutions.
The M48 tank became a standard tank in the armament of many armies. Its successor, the Main Battle Tank (MBT) M60 Patton, was considered a temporary solution. He has survived in the armament of a number of armies to this day, although it was still the original concept, preserving proven elements to the maximum extent.
The development of this tank dates back to the early sixties. At the time, the US Army and Bundeswehr were looking for a replacement for their obsolete tanks. Joint development seemed to be the ideal solution. An unusual concept tank was created with an unmanned hull and a number of technical finesse, but it did not get into service.
In this work, we will focus on the technical description of the rest of the tank and the conclusion of the project, which did not meet the high hopes placed in it.
For decades, the M47 / M48 / M60 Patton tanks formed the backbone of the armed forces of the United States and other countries around the world. However, the operation of tank units requires a number of support vehicles. With the gradual replacement of older versions, loose chassis were used to build similar vehicles.
General overview of the production of US tanks during World War II
In the early 1980s, a number of armies in the Middle and Far East began looking for combat vehicles in the light tank category. The American armory Cadillac Gage responded to the increased demand with the development of the Stingray type. Despite the company's efforts, these tanks were eventually sold to only one state in Southeast Asia.
The Sherman tank was the most important type in the armament of the Western Allies. Although he did not excel significantly above the average in armament or armor, or speed and acceleration (at least in 1944 and 1945; but we must not forget the fact that the situation at the time of its introduction into armaments was diametrically different!), But on the other hand was reliable , it was easy and undemanding to operate and maintain, there were enough spare parts for it, and most importantly it was always available in large numbers…
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