Before the Second World War, when hard work was done in Poland on the development of modern tanks, the 14TP project was also created. The development took place almost in parallel with the 10TP, with which he shared the same type of Christie chassis. Unlike the 10TP, however, the 14TP type lacked the ability to move on wheels and the type was to move only on tracks.
Army and Luftwaffe units evaluated this vehicle very positively and formed an integral part of anti-aircraft units throughout World War II.
This anti-aircraft version of the Sd.Kfz. 251 was developed for the anti-aircraft defence needs of Luftwaffe units. The weapon used was the 2 cm Flak 38. In order to rotate the weapon through its full 360° range, extensive modifications had to be made to the design of the flanks. The side armour was cut out and new hinged folding armoured side plates were fitted in its place. A small series of such vehicles were produced, about which more detailed information is lacking. The number of machines produced was small, only 18 were armed with them. Batterie Flak-Rgt. Hermann Göring. The last vehicles reached service sometime by 4-5/1943.
A modification of the original Sd.Kfz.10 / 4 created a new version. The modification concerned the effort to replace the primary weapon with a 2 cm Flak 30 cannon with a new and more powerful 2 cm Flak 38 cannon.
At the turn of 1943/44, this anti-aircraft modification was created on the chassis H kl 6p, ie half-track chassis weight category 3 tons, which formed a platform of armored personnel carriers Sd.Kfz.251 and since 1943 there was an effort to unify platforms and use Hkl 6p for classic unarmored tractors. Sd.Kfz.11).
prototype anti-aircraft quadruple on the chassis PzKpfw. IV.
At the end of 1944, a modification of the self-propelled gun Grille Ausf.M using the chassis PzKpfw.38 (t) was ordered. Instead of a 150mm howitzer, a fast-firing 30mm MK 103 high-speed cannon was to be mounted by Rheinmetall.
The chassis of an artillery tractor weighing 5 tons Sd.Kfz.6 was rebuilt into a self-propelled anti-aircraft cannon. The most mass-produced version of the BN 9 was used. A 3.7 cm Flak 36 was mounted.
Primarily, these anti-aircraft vehicles were to serve in Luftwaffe units, but of course they were also used by the Wehrmacht ground army.
This reconnaissance tank project was created in the development office of Pz Inż (Państwowe Zaklady Inżinierii). The concept of the machine was based on the knowledge of Polish designers gained in Great Britain and Sweden.
It was supposed to be a multi-purpose machine that could, in addition to anti-aircraft protection, be able to support the infantry in the fight against enemy infantry and light armored vehicles.
During the production of the Steyr RSO artillery tractor, the designers came up with the idea of using the simple construction of this crawler tractor to create a light tank destroyer. By installing an anti-tank cannon 7.5 cm PaK 40, they obtained a cheap and undemanding machine.
At the request of the German army from October 8, 1926, Krupp AG was given the task of designing a self-propelled gun. The specifications were for the 7.5 cm Infanterie-Geschütz, which was to use the components of the new 7.5 cm Gebirgs-Kanone P.
In 1903, Capt. Léon René Levavasseur drafted the ideological concept of a self-propelled vehicle armed with a 75 mm cannon in a closed steel body with a crawler chassis. It was probably the first tank design in France.
From the beginning of the war, the Waffen SS led the independent development of weapons from the army (Wehrmacht). One of them was an experimental version of the modified Soviet rocket launcher BM-8-48 known as "Katyusha". The captured rocket launchers were handed over to the protectorate companies Zbrojovka Brno and the Škoda plant. Vielfachwerfer was improved copy of the Soviet design of the launcher and the M-8 missile itself caliber 82 mm.
What happens when you mix a copy of a Soviet 82 mm rocket launcher on a German armored half-track truck using a copy of a British tracked chassis, all under the direction of Waffen SS? An interesting weapon.
Rocket launcher manufactured in Nazi Germany during World War II.
In 1944, the year of retreats and defenses of the German army, there was an acute need for mobile artillery armament in conventional infantry units. In retreat battles, the prevailing shortage of tractors resulted in high losses of conventional towed artillery weapons. Many were destroyed by their own troops precisely because of their immobility. Cannons such as 7.5 cm PaK 40, 8.8 cm PaK 43 or 10.5 cm PaFH 18 were too heavy for the operator and difficult to handle.
On April 19, 1944, Krupp representatives visited Ardelt to discuss Wafenträger projects with 8.8 cm anti-tank cannons. Ardelt already had experience with a similar wafenträger, but the originally intended PaK 43/41 cannon from Rheinmetall-Börsig was replaced by the PaK 43 Kreuzlafette from Krupp due to the cessation of its production. However, this cannon was not entirely suitable for the construction of this fighter and therefore the WaPrüf 4 armament department proposed the cooperation of Ardelt and Krupp on a new form of 8.8 cm waffenträger.
In 1944, the year of retreats and defensive battles of the German army, there was an acute need for mobile artillery armament in conventional infantry units. In retreat battles, the prevailing shortage of tractors resulted in high losses of conventional towed artillery weapons. Many were destroyed by their own troops only because of their immobility. Cannons such as 7.5 cm PaK 40, 8.8 cm PaK 43 or 10.5 cm PaFH 18 were too heavy for the soldiers and difficult to handle.
The last order of the Czechoslovak tankette of the AH-IV series was realized only a few years after the end of World War II. The customer was the African Ethiopian Empire (then called Abyssinia). Dancers were already an outdated concept before World War II, but due to the backwardness of this area, a tank design was sufficient for the Ethiopian army.
The demand for a new AMC-class light support tank (Automitrailleuse de Combat) originated in 1931.
The machine was created by further development of the AMC 34 type. It is also known as the AMG 35 under the name AMC 35.
The category of vehicles AMR (Automitrailleuse de reconnaissance) was to be a light reconnaissance tank, armed only with a machine gun.
In the 1930s, French colonial units had considerably obsolete types of armored vehicles and tanks. The old Renaults FT were used, of the newer types there were Laffly 50 AM armored cars. Therefore, it was decided to modernize the armament of colonial troops. The choice fell on the type AMR 35.
In 1937, a project of a direct replacement of the Renault R 35 from the AMX company was created.
In 1944, there was an effort to create a modern reconnaissance artillery armored vehicle.
The AT-1 is perhaps the best known Assault Gun of the pre-war Red Army. This was a modified SU-1, with the KT-28 gun replaced by a PS-3 76.2 mm (3 in) gun. The vehicle was tested and it was found that the interior of the tank was insufficiently large. However, before the problems could be ironed out, the designer, P.N.Syachintova, was arrested and the project subsequently shelved.
The tank was based on the construction of LT vz.38 (Pz.Kpfw.38 (t)). The superstructure of the tank was modified and the Hängelafette 38 tower was installed.
In the early 1940s, Australia found itself in an unenviable position. Great Britain, the leading country of the British Commonwealth, faced Nazi attacks, its overseas colonies in Southeast Asia fell into Japanese hands one by one, and the imperial army approached the northern borders of Australia threateningly. The Japanese navy had ambitions to control both the Pacific and Indian Oceans, which would cause a complete blockade of the country. These facts led a country with almost no experience in the development of armored vehicles to the development of its own armored vehicles, represented by the Australian Cruiser Tank Mk.1 Sentinel.
In the 1930s, the French army issued an audition for a new light tank. It was to replace the obsolete Renault FT-17 tanks.
In 1935, the Compagnie Générale de Construction de Locomotives Batignolles-Chatillon presented a prototype of an amphibious tank built at the request of the Section Technique des Matériels Automobiles de Combat.
The first tests took place in March 1936 but the vehicle sank at the end of the demonstration.
Development successor of the Batignolles-Châtillon infantry amphibious reconnaissance tank from Nantes.
The top construction of the recovery tank built on the platform of the German medium tank Panther.
After the introduction of the Jagdpanzer 38 (t) tank destroyers, there was a need for a light rescue vehicle, which was to serve to tow damaged or otherwise immobilized vehicles. Therefore, in the summer of 1944, BMM began working on such a machine, which was based on the design of Hetzer.
A light rescue tank, the history of which is closely connected with the Czechoslovak tank construction. The article also includes exclusive memories of the driver of this tank, who rode with him in 1959 in the post-war Czechoslovak army.
The missiles were based on knowledge in the development of aircraft missiles RS-82 and RS-132. Launcher known as the prototype designations M-132, MU-2 and later serial designation BM-13-16, the best known and most used missile launcher of the USSR army. It consisted of 8 rails 5 meters long, two rockets each. Serial production began just before the invasion of the USSR.
On August 24, 1914, Colonel Jean Baptiste Estienne formulated a vision of the all-terrain vehicles that would determine the direction of modern warfare, when he predicted a radical change. Immobile trench warfare was to be transformed by armoured vehicles equipped with weapons that were capable of moving in the terrain.
The project itself was probably created on the basis of a request from the Command of the Engineer Troops in 11/1954 was assigned the development of an armored personnel carrier called BOPAS (combat tracked vehicle).
In 1943, an armoured personnel carrier project was developed in Finland using the platform of the captured Soviet BT-7 wheeled and tracked tank. A single prototype-demonstrator was produced.
The B1 design was judged satisfactory enough to serve as a basis for the conversion of the remaining 23 gun tractors of the Chasseurs Ardennais. They were converted in 1936 on the same lines as the B1, with small differences of hull fittings, suspension, and internal compartmentation. As such, these B1 and B2s formed the bulk of the motorized regiments of the Chasseurs Ardennais, generally placed in 6-strong mobile units. One B2 of the cyclist frontier of Limburg, (Maaseik group) is still preserved at Brussels tank & army museum. However, the need of more motorized defense units and a more satisfactory design, as far of the crew protection was concerned, led to a redesign of the type.
During the fighting in Africa in 1941, the Italian designers of the FIAT / Ansaldo company were inspired by the captured English cruiser Cruiser Mk.III and their Christie-type chassis and decided to copy it.
The Char Amphibie Schneider-Laurent Tank was designed by M. Laurent and developed by Schneider, the tank was first seen in 1928. It had a boat shaped hull for amphibious operations and propelled in the water by a rear propeller. It operated on wheels whilst on the road and tracks off-road. Swapping between both systems could be completed by the crew from within the vehicle. Only one prototype was built.
The next development version of the B 1 ter arose from a 1935 request to increase the armour protection of the B 1 in the frontal parts up to 70 mm. ARL, FCM and Fives-Lille participated in the development and production, each company producing one prototype.
Like the British and Americans would do later in WWII with the Tetrarch and Locust tanks, the French also pursued the idea of an airborne tank. The French began playing with this idea in 1936, predating both the British and American tanks.
In 1940, the military authorities of the colonial Royal Dutch Indian Army (KNIL - Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger) sought to obtain larger numbers of Vickers tanks from Great Britain but failed, so they turned to American companies, specifically Marmon Herrington. It focused on the export of armored vehicles, because it was not significantly involved in the armament of US troops.
When you think you're all over the best Czechoslovak light tank LT vz. 38, you come across a rare training aid from the post-war Czechoslovak army. "And then you roll your eyeballs."
An extremely interesting use of the turret of the rare Sd. Kfz. 234/2 by the post-war Czechoslovak army.
Thoughts on the development of a new post-war tank appeared as early as the end of 1945.
The idea of a 150-ton tank, which should be in competition with Porsche's Maus program, arose at a meeting of representatives of WaPrüf 6 and representatives of Krupp on September 11, 1942.
The E-10 was to be developed by KHD (Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG) and the Magirus factory in Ulm and with the 7.5cm KwK L/48 as the main weapon. At KHD, however, the RSO/03 was in production at the time and enjoyed higher priority. One of the special features of the E-10 was certainly the lowerable undercarriage, thanks to which the overall height of the vehicle silhouette could have been reduced by almost 40cm. However, with the availability of the first prototypes of the Jagdpanzer 38 D, the E-10 was taken out of the planning and was already obsolete.
In 1916, the French army launched a competition to develop heavy tanks. In contrast to the classic English turretless concept, the French concept envisaged a modern concept of a single-track tank.
The megalomania of influential military officials, influenced by the manufacturers, who parasitized quite heavily on war orders, was reflected in an even heavier tank, which was to become a 70-ton weight design tank FCM 2 C.
The development of the heavy tank of the French army can be traced back to the 1920s. Due to the political situation after World War I, the need for a heavy weight tank was not acute and therefore various proposals did not receive such a priority in development.
In a report from 3.1.1944 on a consultation with Albert Speer with representatives of the military, there was a proposal to use an anti-aircraft system with a pair of 3 cm cannons designed for submarine armament on the platform of a medium tank Pz.Kpfw.IV (U-Bootturm mit 3 cm Zwilling auf Pz. IV).
Simultaneously with the development of the Wirbelwind anti-aircraft tank, there was also the development of a self-propelled anti-aircraft tank armed with a 37 mm cannon, which was given the combat name Ostwind (Eastern Wind). The chassis of the medium tank Pz.Kpfw.IV ausf.J.
The final medium tank programme, later referred to as the "G1", was preceded by a long period of differing Army requirements. Despite a wealth of tank development and production in the 1930s, the French Army lacked a quality medium tank.
Just after the First World War in the 1920s, a secret project of developing light and medium category tanks was launched in Germany. It was secret due to the restrictive measures contained in the Treaty of Versailles, which prohibited the development, production and use of any tank technology.
This machine was to be the first successor of the heavy tank IS-1, whose 85mm cannon was not a completely adequate response to the new German tanks.
Just a small suggestion and you remember one inconspicuous photo in an aviation magazine. And for the next almost 20 years there will be a quantum of photos, information and surviving vehicles that hardly anybody remembers. Isn't this research wonderfully exciting?
What happens when you combine one of the most powerful anti-tank cannons with one of the best tank platforms? The answer is in the title of the topic.
During the production of Jagdpanther, there were constant modifications. The first 50 fighters had a superstructure ceiling made of 16 mm thick armor plate. Another production received 25 mm thick armor plates.
The name "Hetzer" does not officially belong (!) to this type. This name was to officially belong to the serial form of the intended light tank destroyer E-10.
This vehicle was to be a replacement for the classic Jagdpanzer 38 (t). Serial vehicles were to receive a Tatra diesel engine, have a different transmission, etc.
The small and cheap Jagdpanzer 38(t) proved to be an effective tank destroyer. The main problem with it was that BMM and Škoda who made the vehicles simply could not keep up with the demand. In the hope of getting its production repositioned to Germany in late 1944, Alktett was instructed to oversee the projected construction of a new vehicle, later designated as Jagdpanzer 38 D. While the work continued until the end of the war, only two prototypes were completed (or none at all).
Due to the success of the StuG III self-propelled guns in the fight against tanks, in 9/1942 the company Vomag was tasked with developing a project for a new self-propelled gun (Sturmgeschütz nA). The preliminary design envisaged using a standard Pz.Kpfw.IV platform with a 7.5 cm anti-tank cannon mounted.
Despite the support of the Heeres Waffenamt and WaPrüf 6 of the Auto Union armored personnel carrier project known under the code name Kätzchen, there was an effort to use the Pz.Kpfw.38 (t) tank chassis and B.M.M.
The first mention of the nickname "Kätzchen" was found in the report of the General Staff of 15.2.1943. There was an effort to speed up the production of Kätzchen, the conversion of production from Sd.Kfz.250 and Sd.Kfz.251 was to be completed by the end of 1943. Gradually, the production of half-track transporters was to be reduced and in the summer of 1944 was to be completely stopped.
The first mention of the nickname "Kätzchen" was found in the report of the General Staff of 15.2.1943. There was an effort to speed up the production of Kätzchen, the conversion of production from Sd.Kfz.250 and Sd.Kfz.251 was to be completed by the end of 1943. Gradually, the production of half-track transporters was to be reduced and in the summer of 1944 was to be fully stopped.
Kleiner Panzerbefehlswagen (Sd.Kfz.265) is the successor to the command version of the tank leichte (Funk) Panzerwagen mit Sonderaufbau, which was built on the chassis Pz.Kpfw.I Ausf.A (2.Serie / La.S.).
In 1947, the 1st Department of the General Staff set requirements for the development of a new half-track infantry transporter of the weight category of 3 tons. The vehicle was based on the German design Sd.Kfz.251 (in Czechoslovak use referred to as HKL6p). As part of the typification, a half-track artillery tractor was to be created on the same platform.
The last of the last. Ball lightning - the latest German anti-aircraft tank, which did not manage to show its advantages.
The first mention of the concept of a light tank intended for export abroad (Leichte Kampfwagen Ausland) was discussed at a meeting of representatives of the army and industry on May 6, 1936. The request was for a tank slightly heavier than 4 tons.
In older publications, this tank pretended to be the predecessor of the later Pz.Kpfw.I. The fact is, however, that it was a separate design work, which had a number of differences from Pz.Kpfw.I.
In 10/1927, work began on the Krupp factory (artillery design department) on the design of a self-propelled platform for carrying parts (Motorlafette, later renamed the Leichte Selbstfahrkanone (LSK)).
The Sd.Kfz. 11 was a German half-track vehicle developed as an artillery tractor from 1934 and used by the Wehrmacht on all fronts during the Second World War. It belongs to the group of special-purpose vehicles. About 8800 units were built until 1944.
On March 14, 1928, a program for the development and production of light battle tanks was secretly launched at the request of the Wehramt. Due to the restrictions imposed on Germany and enshrined in the Treaty of Versailles, secret military tank development programs bore the covert designation "Kleintraktor" (later changed to "Leichttraktor").
Rheinmetall began working on prototypes in 1929 and in 1930 two prototypes were completed (Nr.39 and Nr.40). The tower and armament were developed and manufactured by the Swedish companies AB Landsverk and Bofors. The prototypes were tested both in Germany and at a secret Soviet base in Kama.
Work on the new light tank took place under the leadership of Joseph Vollmer (Joseph Vollmer) since 1917. The project did not have much support in the army, at that time there was an effort to develop and manufacture tanks of heavier weight category (A7V, K-Wagen).
France's unconventional solution to transporting troops into battle. The result is a conversion of the Lorraine 37 artillery tractor, adding a protection to the open load area and towing an armoured trailer for the additional men of the "Chasseur Portes" squad.
After the failure of the project to fit the 57 mm R 10 anti-aircraft gun to the T-34/85, efforts continued to develop it further. In 1955, a new design for a similar gun and platform combination was requested by the Army.
After the loss of a Lithuanian customer, a series of 21 LLT tanks was completed in the summer of 1940. A new buyer was found very quickly and it was the army of the Slovak state.
A modified truck in which conventional wheel axles have been replaced by tracked chassis.
Legendary heavy tank destroyers that had no parallel in their time.
In the second half of the 1920s, the Swedish army considered developing its tank forces. The first practical experience with German LK II tanks (Strv m / 21) led to the development of requirements for a new tank.
Mogårdshammar B was a very modern concept for its time. Three men from the crew sat in a modernly shaped hull with planned frontal armor, which was to withstand firing from 37 mm cannons.
The fate of this weapon is more than just closely linked to the English submachine gun Sten. Soon after the start of its production, a number of specimens fell into the hands of the Germans. They were seized from supplies to the French resistance and later after the landing attempt at Dieppe. When the Walls fell into the hands of German army experts, they were literally shocked by his primitive appearance and their test results were clearly negative.
Awareness of armored technology has taken on other dimensions with the expansion of the Internet, and information is now accessible to all. During discussions on forums or on military websites, I constantly come across erroneous statements and factual errors resulting from the mistakes presented in older publications. Unfortunately, such mistakes are constantly "inherited" and translated into the present, even in new publications. I will try to make a few mistakes. I usually rely on the publications of Mr Jentz and Mr Doyle, who are considered to be at the forefront of German armored vehicles. A lot of information comes from the publication of the now poor Mr. Spielberger, whose monographs are and will be insurmountable, but at the same time he created several mistakes that persist to this day.
The German Neubaufahrzeug tank was the first prototype heavy tank for the Wehrmacht after Adolf Hitler took power. This heavy and slow multi-tower tank could hardly be used for Blitzkrieg tactics and therefore only 5 units were produced. These machines were mainly used for promotional purposes, but took part in the fighting in Norway in 1940.
The design of the new Mitsubishi amphibious tank was created at the request of the Japanese Imperial Navy in 1940. The machine was intended to act as a support in the landing operations of the Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces.
History of development and production of unrealized prototype of Czechoslovak armored vehicle
The project of a new light tank of category "IIa" (light tank designed for cavalry) of the ČKD company was created in 1935 on the basis of a request from the General Staff of the Czechoslovak Army and specifications given by the Military Technical and Aviation Institute. These were to be machines with a thickness of the front armor of 25 mm, side armor of 15 mm and a speed exceeding 30 km / h.
In 1/1935, VTLÚ was given technical specifications for the development of a new attack tank to support infantry units. The submitted proposals for the tank led to January 13, 1936 to order a prototype made of unarmored steel.
A long-standing myth about a deputy whose history dates back to the very beginning of the production of the Panther medium tank.
On June 24, 1944, Waffenamt technicians compared the German medium tank Pz.Kpfw.IV with the Soviet medium tank T-34/85 and the heavy tank IS-2. The comparison concerned the performance of cannons and the durability of structures. In this comparison, it turned out that the German Pz.Kpfw.IV lags behind the Soviet counterparts in both armament and passive protection.
Thoughts on the development and production of a tank destroyer, then referred to as the Sturmgeschütz (assault cannon) on the platform of a medium tank Pz.Kpfw.IV with a 7.5 cm mounted Kanone L / 70 fall into the period 9/1942. These plans were rejected and the Jagdpanzer IV L / 48 was introduced into production. At Hitler's conference on January 25-27, 1944, however, this request was reiterated and it was decided to mount the said cannon in the Jagdpanzer IV company Vomag, whose serial production has just begun.
The absence of cannon armament in the command tanks Panzerbefehlspanzer III Ausf.D1 / Ausf.E / Ausf.H caused that in direct contact with enemy tanks could not effectively fight and this was the cause of subsequent losses of these tanks.
Command modifications were created on the platforms of the refurbished PzKpfw.IV Ausf.H. The machines differed from standard tanks externally by only two antennas. By placing another radio station in the tank, the supply of ammunition for the cannon had to be reduced.
At the end of 1942, a project of a reconnaissance artillery-guidance version of the PzKpfw.V "Panther" tank was created. Originally, the cannon was Kw.K. 42 L / 70 replaced by a 50 mm cannon Kw.K. 39/1. Additional armament was to form a machine gun MG 34. The original plan to arm the tank with a cannon was later reconsidered and it was decided to replace the cannon armament with a dummy one.
The Panzerwerfer 42 auf Maultier was used for larger scale rocket barrages against Soviet positions where a large bombardment of a big area would be more effective than more accurate artillery fire. The Panzerwerfer's rocket barrages covered much larger areas and added more psychological elements to the fight: the amount of noise, smoke, splinters, and flying debris as the rockets hit and exploded was considerable. The extensive use on the Eastern Front showed that this weapon could be employed effectively on the Western Front as well.
After the end of World War II, the concept and components of the chassis of the Jagdpanzer 38 (t) tank fighter were used for the construction of artillery tractors from the Prague CKD (ex. BMM), which began the development of tractors of three weight categories.
Projection design of the Praga tank from 10.2.1927. The project number was 6821 and the project appeared under the name Armored tank Praga MT (MT = small tank).
The most numerous and most exported version of the artillery tractor by ČKD (Praga). A number of exotic customers, there is a lot of previously unknown information in the subject.
In 1936, an extremely interesting project of a new tank concept was created in the Tatra Kopřivnice company. The project was created at a time when the company was finishing prototypes of T-III tanks and experience with this category III tank development program led to this original idea of tank design.
In 8/1930, the Soviet military authorities were assigned to the Izhorsk plant and the Leningrad plant "Bolshevik" specifications for a new amphibious tank weighing 20 tons, which was to be armed with a 45 mm cannon and three machine guns.
After the experience of German troops in the Polish campaign, the need arose to develop a new reconnaissance vehicle. Mobility in the field was a priority rather than achieving high speeds, and easy control was especially required when reversing, which was important in the conditions of the research activity. The demand was for the creation of a standardized reconnaissance vehicle designed for tank and infantry units. Full-track or half-track chassis were preferred, which guaranteed good passability in difficult terrain.
The VK 18.01 program from 1939 had the task of creating a heavily armored tank capable of direct support of attacking troops against fortification systems.
Heavy self-propelled armored machine gun nest ...
After the occupation of Poland, a request was submitted at a meeting of representatives of WaPrüf 6 and representatives of MAN to accelerate the development and delivery of machines of the 0th series. Extensive plans for mass production included the supply of 2500-3000 tanks. Should the development of VK 9.01 be unsuccessful, production of Pz.Kpfw.II Ausf.F with stabilized armament should be started.
Project of heavily armored VK 16.01 (later bore the name Pz.Kpfw.II nA verst. (Reinforced)) from 1939. It was supposed to be a new concept of the hull and tower with a maximum thickness of armor up to 80 mm.
At the beginning of 1942, the first built prototype was sent to Kummersdorf for comparative tests. The company made a prototype of the company BMM Pz.Kpfw.38 nA and a prototype of the company Škoda T-15.
In 1944, an experimental prototype of the Pz.Kpfw.IV Ausf.G tank with hydrostatic drive was created under the direction of Zahnradfabrik (a company producing gearboxes). The Maybach HL 120 main engine powered a pair of high-performance oil pumps that pumped oil into a pair of separate oil engines.
Production of the Ausf.H began in late 1942, and many innovations were implemented that significantly increased the combat value of the vehicle. The most significant innovation was the replacement of the main gun. The tank received a new KwK 40 L/48 gun with an extended barrel to 48 calibre (the previous G version had a KwK 40 L/43 gun with a barrel length of 43 calibre). The new gun achieved a higher muzzle velocity, and the gun was able to penetrate thicker armour-piercing obstacles with anti-tank ammunition than the previous gun with a shorter barrel.
The Panzerkampfwagen IV (Pz.Kpfw. IV), commonly known as the Panzer IV, is a German medium tank developed in the late 1930s and used extensively during the Second World War. Its ordnance inventory designation was Sd.Kfz. 161.
The Panzer IV was the most numerous German tank and the second-most numerous German fully tracked armoured fighting vehicle of the Second World War; 8,553 Panzer IVs of all versions were built during World War II, only exceeded by the StuG III assault gun with 10,086 vehicles.
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. J (10./B.W.) is the last version, which was created in the critical situation of the German industry and bore the signs of saving time and material needed to produce the tank.
Shortly after the start of series production of the Panther, the innovative changes of the new tank, which led to the Panther Ausf.A. In essence, the hull of the tank was preserved from the Panther Ausf.D type, major modifications overcame the tower and its equipment.
After approval of the winner of the competition for a new medium tank, they received contracts for the production of 1,000 Panther tanks from MAN, Daimler-Benz, MNH and Henschel. Later, the number was reduced to 850 tanks.
The decision to create a new design Ausf.G was made at a meeting in the company MAN on May 4, 1943. The Panther II program was not approved for series production and production of the Panther I was to continue. However, the Ausf.G version was based on the design of the Panther II body.
Pz.Kpfw. V Panther - in the service of foreign armies
The origins of the creation of the Tiger II go back to the times when the first prototype of the Tiger I(P) was not built yet. The history of the VK 45.01(P) (Porsche's project for a new heavy tank Tiger) is known. Porsche was hoping for with a win in the competition for a new heavy tank, and therefore started production of the first 100 platforms. After the lose of most of the platforms will serve for conversion to a fighter tank destroyer Ferdinand/Elefant. Porsche's plans, however, reached even further.
The anabasis of the creation of the Tiger I heavy tank dates back to the pre-war years, and the path to a successful and mass-produced type was very long and difficult. The first mention of the need for a heavy tank weighing 30 tons was found in a report dated October 30, 1935 and it was a report of the head of the Waffenamt Gen. Liese.
On November 1, 1941, specifications were entered for a new super heavy tank weighing 70 tons. The new tank was to have a 140mm thick frontal armor, the sides were to be 100mm thick. The propulsion was to be provided by a 1000-horsepower Daimler-Benz engine, which was used to power a fast torpedo boat. The number of crew members was set at five men. The armament was not specified.
Towers from decommissioned tanks Pz.Kpfw.35 (t) (ex. LT vz.35) and converted Mörserzugmittel 35 (t) were used as permanent firing posts. The designation "Normalserie", which should denote the towers from the standard mass production of tanks in this case is incorrect (but it is official). The tower was modified.
The career of this tank began in 1943 at the design desks of the companies Henchel and Porsche on the basis of a German army order for a heavy tank with better armament and armor protection than its predecessor Tiger.
The complicated name of the artillery tractor hides an interesting construction, which, however, did not see serial production.
The contract for the purchase of 40 French Renault 35 light tanks between the Bulgarian Army and the German company AGK, Berlin was signed on 23.4.1941. The Bulgarians paid 2,377,280 Reichsmarks for the goods.
In the early 1930s, when Char D had not entered production, Renault was ordered to develop an improved version and a colonial version of Char D. Eventually, the improved version developed into Char D2, and the colonial version developed into Char D3, which has never entered production.
In 1915, a request arose from the French army for the development and construction of a tracked vehicle, which was to serve as a carrier of cannon armament. Artillery mechanization was required, which had certain advantages over pulling parts. Towed cannons can sink or be damaged by dragging. However, the size of the weapons carried was limited to field weapons and light howitzers, because a vehicle for transporting heavy artillery would be large and cumbersome.
The first requirement for the purchase of these tanks is a telegram of the commander of the eastern group of Czechoslovak troops, French General Hennocque, dated July 3, 1919 in connection with the fighting against the Hungarian Bolshevik troops.
A derivative of the legendary French tank Renault FT 17 from 1924. The new tank was created out of the need to modernize the predecessor, with the fact that the tank was to be fully independent during longer transfers without the need for tank transporters.
Derivative of the legendary French tank Renault FT 17 from 1925. The new tank arose from the need to modernize its predecessor, with the proviso that the tank was to be fully autonomous for longer moves without the need for tank transporters.
The biggest weakness of the Renault 35 tank was its chassis. The rubber rims of the wheels wore quickly and the weight distribution of the tank was not the same for all wheels. This caused very poor driving characteristics in unpaved terrain. Therefore, several proposals have been made to modify the chassis of this tank.
Several, originally French, Renault R 35 tanks that found themselves in the arsenal of the Syrian army were rearmed with the British 2-pounder gun.
In 1930 the Commission de Vincennes decided to develop a light armoured vehicle able to tow and supply small cannon and mortars. In 1931 the Renault company was given the contract for production of its Renault UE, combined with the Renault UK trailer. In 1937, from a number of competitors, the Renault UE2 was chosen as an improved type for large-scale production. Of both types combined over five thousand were built, including licence production in Romania, and they were part of the standard equipment of all French infantry divisions. Most Renault UE vehicles in French service were unarmed; those in 1940 captured by Germany were used for a variety of purposes, including being armed with machine-guns, antitank-guns and rocket artillery.
The Renault YS 2 was an artillery observation vehicle with advanced telemetric optics, including a rangefinder turret. On 20 July 1936 it was decided by the Artillery to acquire such a type, called the voiture blindée tous terrains d'observation d'artillerie.
There was probably no official naming of the conversions covered by this topic. These were conversions of Lorraine 37L artillery tractors to light tanks, which came about after the annexation of unoccupied parts of France by German troops.
The universal field and anti-tank cannon, which originated as a jigsaw puzzle of Soviet and German legend, was one of the most powerful anti-tank cannons of its time at the time of its creation. A curiosity is the country of origin. It was Romania.
One of the German development programs of guided anti-aircraft missiles from the World War II, which was brought to an advanced stage of development.
The top civilian conversion of the famous T-34 tank, which combined a grooving vehicle and a cable-laying vehicle. Unlike the use of lighter military platform types that could only handle one task, this platform was sufficiently sized to handle both functions.
The SU project (S.Ú.V. - medium attack car) of the Škoda Plzeň company was created in 1933 as a reaction to the competing P-II (LT vz.34) of the ČKD company. The prototype was built in the first half of 1934 and according to the new categorization of tanks received the designation Š-II.
The project of the Saint-Chamond wheeled and tracked tank from 1920/21. At that time, the idea of combining two types of chassis - tracked and wheeled - into one hybrid type was more or less experimentally promoted.
A short history of the emergence of a modernised version of a light self-propelled cannon.
Serious work on the self-propelled gun to support the infantry began in 1935, when SOMUA (Société d´Outillage Mécanique et d´Usinage d´Artillerie) and ARL (Atelier de Construction de Rueil) created their projects for new self-propelled works. SOMUA has designed a pair of projects called CAM 1 and CAM 2 (canon automoteur).
Austrian engineers created their top wheel-tracked construction in the years 1940-42. They wanted to create a fast reconnaissance tank that would be able to fight even lightly armored enemy technology.
Shortly before the arrival of the first French tanks in the active army, the most prescient tank theorist (and also a practitioner), General Etienne, suggested to the commander-in-chief of the ground forces that a command tank be created.
"I believe that assault artillery units have to manoeuvre on the battlefield, so it is necessary to provide tanks for their command with the following characteristics: a ground speed of 10 km/h, crossing trenches 1 metre wide, a crew of 4 men, armed with one or two machine guns and a 37mm gun that could fire forward and sideways. The armour would be reinforced to 15 mm. It makes sense to provide for the construction of 50 command tanks."
The CA3 tank, developed on the basis of the CA1 tank, was produced in several variants, all of which were rejected by General Estienne.
Despite the increase in weight, the motorization did not improve, and the general rightly believed that by the time of the expected 1918 deployment, this machine would be completely outclassed.
Paradoxically, the turret model was strongly opposed, but this must be seen in the context of a time when the threat of enemy tanks did not exist. Only forts, machine gun nests or artillery batteries could be potential targets, so installation in a casemate was quite sufficient.
The project, which was created at the request of the French Army to develop and introduce a new tank for infantry support with the ability to fight against other tanks.
Where others end, others ... end as well. Unsuccessful post-war Czechoslovak evolution of the German artillery tractor sWS. Another in a series of extremely interesting projects combining German and Czechoslovak potential.
The development of this version was entrusted to Gustav Appel in 3/1942. By May 13, 1942, three prototypes were to be produced, which were to be tested by combat units on the Eastern Front.
These anti-aircraft vehicles were developed and manufactured primarily for Luftwaffe units, later used in the Wehrmacht, where they served as anti-aircraft protection armored units armed with tanks, tank destroyers and self-propelled guns.
This decontamination vehicle Sd.Kfz.10 / 2 had a storage platform with steel profile sides created behind the driver's and passenger's cab. Eight barrels of decontamination chemical were carried on the storage area.
Sd.Kfz.10 / 3 was a vehicle designed to create infestation using liquid warfare agents. A steel tank for 500 liters of toxic substance was mounted in the rear of the vehicle. Using a compressor and a distribution system terminated by swinging nozzles, the 16-meter-wide section was contaminated.
Special version of the half-track tractor category 3 tons Sd.Kfz.11 designed for coastal rescue units (Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbrüchiger - German Naval Search and Rescue Service). It was a rescue system in such a way that a rescue rope was transported to the rescued person or ship with the help of rockets.
German half-track that saw widespread use in World War II. Its main role was as a prime mover for medium towed guns ranging from the 3.7 cm FlaK 43 anti-aircraft gun up to the 10.5 cm leFH 18 field howitzer. It could carry eight troops in addition to towing a gun or trailer.
It was the first mass-produced vehicle on a standardized chassis developed for military use.
In the first half of the 30s of the 20th century, it was decided to develop a replacement for heavy armored cars Sd.Kfz.231 (6-rad). A modern armored vehicle on an 8-wheel chassis was to be created, which was to form the armament of reconnaissance units, mainly in tank divisions.
In the second half of the 1930s, the Waffenamt decided to add a new type of half-track armored personnel carrier. Conceptually, it was to resemble a larger type of Sd.Kfz.251, but the basis was to be a modified chassis of the DEMAG D7 tractor (Sd.Kfz.10).
After the end of the Second World War, there was a number of half-track equipment on Czechoslovak territory, including armored personnel carriers Sd.Kfz.251 of various versions. The usable specimens immediately became part of the temporary units of the Armored unit in the Prague Uprising in May 1945 and subsequently, after the end of the war, to secure the borders of the restored Czechoslovakia.
For the needs of the fire support of the platoon of armored personnel carriers Sd.Kfz.251, a version of the armored personnel carrier equipped with an anti-tank cannon Pa.K 36/37 caliber 37 mm was created.
This remarkable version of the Sd.Kfz.251 was equipped with a powerful infrared reflector and was intended to increase the range of tank infrared reflectors mounted on a small series of Panther tanks. The tanks were equipped with active infrared sights and infrared reflectors with insufficient power.
The first mention of the proposed installation of a long gun of 7.5 cm caliber on the platform of the medium armored personnel carrier Sd.Kfz.251 was found in the minutes of the Generalinspekteur der Panzertruppen at a meeting with Adolf Hitler on 28.10.1944. It was a mount of a modified tank cannon 7.5 cm Kw.K. L / 48 from the tank Pz.Kpfw.IV. It was a design of a medium-sized Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5 cm) (Sd.Kfz.251 / 22) (AK 7 B 84).
After the annexation of Austria by the German empire the austrian wheel-tracked artillery truck Saurer Räder-Raupen RR-7 caught the eye of the German command.
One of the versions of the mobile crane on the SdKfz.9 platform. A Demag crane with a capacity of 10 tons is mounted on the loading area of the machine.
The Italian developers were inspired by the German constructions of self-propelled parts StuG III, which were able to use the chassis of the classic tank Pz.Kpfw.III to mount larger and more powerful cannons than the classic tanks.
Soon after the attack on the Soviet Union, Italian tank units also found that their anti-tank armament was more than insufficient against the new Soviet T-34 and KV machines. Therefore, the development of an effective tank destroyer has started in Italy, but it is relatively unknown, but it is interesting about that.
In 1936, the Finnish Ministry of the Interior decided to commission the development and production of a new armored vehicle for police forces.
The failures of Škoda (Š-II-b) and ČKD (P-II-b) in the development of a new infantry tank led to their cooperation on a joint project.
In the years 1941/42, a tractor for the eastern front was developed. Ferdinand Porsche signed this type of design and the Škoda company was entrusted with the production. The prototype was built at the end of 1942 and serial production took place in 1943. Originally, the order sounded to 200 pieces, later it was reduced to 100 pieces.
The T-32 (Š-I-D) tankette was a Czechoslovak-designed tankette used exclusively by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia during World War II. Its design was based on the Škoda MU-4 tank and built specific to Yugoslav specifications.
At the request of an Afghan customer, in 1938 the Škoda company developed a towerless tank project called Š-I-P.
In 1937, the Škoda company built a prototype of a tank with a rotating tower, which, according to plans, was to form the armament of mixed reconnaissance divisions of rapid divisions.
Work on this medium tank began in September 1936. At the same time, the Škoda company worked in cooperation with the ČKD company on the ŠP-IIb medium tank project.
This is a new factory designation introduced in 5/1939, which replaced the original designation of the tank Š-II-a adopted by the Czechoslovak army as LT vz.35. The light tank project was the result of an order from the army of the Kingdom of Afghanistan.
After the experience of German troops in the Polish campaign, the need arose to develop a new reconnaissance vehicle.
One of the first armored car designs in the newly founded Czechoslovakia from 1921. The Škoda design used the platform of the Praga L 7.series truck, whose designation was adopted by this armored car. A square armoured body made of thin armoured plates was mounted on the platform. A swivel turret was mounted on the roof of the vehicle, in which a 37 mm gun and a heavy machine gun were mounted.
The SOMUA S35 was a French cavalry tank of the Second World War. Built from 1936 until 1940 to equip the armoured divisions of the Cavalry, it was for its time a relatively agile medium-weight tank, superior in armour and armament to its French and foreign competitors, such as the contemporary versions of the German Panzer III medium tank. It was constructed from well-sloped, mainly cast, armour sections, that however made it expensive to produce and time-consuming to maintain.
After the end of the war, there were a number of abandoned and to varying degrees damaged Jagdpanzer 38 (t) machines in Czechoslovakia. At the same time, there was a preserved production base in the factories that these tank destroyers produced by ČKD ( exnemecká BMM ) and Škoda Plzeň. Both factories submitted to the command of the newly formed Czechoslovak army offers to promptly manufacture and supply several hundred machines.
In cooperation with Service Technique Automobile (STA) and Lieutenant Fouché, prototypes of the first French tanks were created.
In 1928 started a French general Etienne development program for a special type of vehicle called a "defensive role of the tank" (char darrêt), which should have a weight of from 45 to 55 tonnes. The main idea was to create a heavily armored and armed vehicle, which should strengthen the Maginot line as the mobile protection against enemy armored technique.
The knowledge of designer Joseph Vollmer (LK I / LK II) or Ferdinand Porsche was used in the development of this wheel-track tank.
The Strv m / 31 project (Landsverk L-10) was extremely progressive for its time. The tank was light construction, had a powerful engine, a powerful cannon and a slanted armor of decent thickness.
The effort to acquire an assault self-propelled gun dates back to the first battles of World War II. The first attempt was the 15 cm S.I.G.33 Sfl. auf Pz.Kpfw. I ohne Aufbau Ausf.B, followed by 15 cm s.I.G. 33 auf Fahrgestell Pz. Kpfw. II (Sf). After these self-propelled guns of open design, the Sturminfanteriegeschütz 33 self-propelled gun was developed, which featured a fully enclosed fighting compartment that perfectly protected the crew from small arms fire and artillery shell splinters.
The StG 45(M) (abbreviation of Sturmgewehr 45, "Assault Rifle 45") sometimes referred to as the MP 45(M), was a prototype assault rifle developed by Mauser for the Wehrmacht at the end of World War II, using an innovative roller-delayed blowback operating system. It fired the 7.92×33mm Kurz (or "Pistolenpatrone 7.9mm") intermediate cartridge at a cyclic rate of around 450 rounds per minute.
The anabase of the origin of this self-propelled gun was long and interesting. This light self-propelled gun was the first mass-produced machine of this category in the USSR. It was created in response to German self-propelled guns, which showed great benefits.
schwerer Wehrmachtschlepper was the last attempt to create a powerful heavy tractor. A unified emergency for little money, which also survived its "death" in evolutionary form in post-war Czechoslovakia.
The prototype T-100 was deployed in combat in the war against Finland at the turn of 1939/40 in the 20th Heavy Tank Brigade.
It is a modified KV-1 with a 76mm F-32 cannon. It had an enlarged thick frontal armor to 90mm, modifications to the turret and a few other minor modifications.
The T-23 tank was based on a lightweight towerless version of the T-18 tank design. The development of the T-23 tank took place simultaneously with the development of similar T-17, T-21, T-22 tanks in the period 1929/30.
Unneeded tank chassis become a profitable commodity in the civilian economy after service in the army. One of the conversions is this modification of the military repair plant VOP 025 Nový Jičín, where the unneeded chassis of the T-55 tank was adapted for breaking up hot slag under the blast furnace.
In 1954, the idea arose to use the towers of the captured German medium tanks Pz.Kpfw.IV as permanent fortress palposts in the border zones of the Czechoslovak Republic. The tank cannon itself was still evaluated as effective in this period and the army had a sufficient supply of ammunition for the cannons.
The article provides a summary of information on the development, production and modifications of the legendary successor of the dreaded Tiger I.
Before the outbreak of World War II, Polish designers planned to replace the machine gun with a cannon to increase the combat value of tanks, which at that time were already hopelessly obsolete and unable to fight the enemy's armored vehicles.
A difficult road to failure. A strong man who failed. That's how you could call the development of a heavy self-propelled gun designed for the planned destruction of fortresses, and which made its mark on the Soviet plains as a heavy tank destroyer.
The V-8-H was the first independent design of the ČKD company. It arose from experience in the joint construction of the ŠP-IIb infantry tank with the Škoda Plzeň company from 1936.
At the beginning of the project of a heavy self-propelled anti-aircraft tank was the order of the German army for three 8.8 cm self-propelled guns Flak L / 56 mounted on the platform Pz.Sfl.IVc developed by Krupp. These were to serve to destroy the heavy fortifications of the Maginot Line during the planned invasion of France. The construction of these machines was not in time to participate in occupation of France and subsequently their role was reclassified as tank destroyers. However, due to their light armor, this was not an appropriate task. They would be easy prey when clashing with enemy tanks.
One of the first German attempts to create an anti-aircraft tank failed due to pick of the platform.
Since 1938, there has been an effort to replace the medium tanks Pz.Kpfw.III and Pz.Kpfw.IV with a new type. The tank development program of the weight category of 20 tons bore the designation VK 20.XX.
It was a German custom to use petrol engines. Efforts to introduce diesel engines during World War II were numerous, but the first was the VK 20.01 project from Daimler-Benz.
That the VK 28.01 "Mehrzweckfahrzeug" standardised platform project is little known? What about its planned version for moving on rails?
After the first experience with the new Soviet tanks T-34 and KV-1, there was an urgent effort to develop a new medium tank weighing 30 tons.
At the time of the development of the new German medium tank, the future Panther of the MAN company, the Daimler Benz project was a direct competitor.
After the initial tests of the tanks Durchbruchswagen I and Durchbruchswagen II, it was decided on September 9, 1938 to continue the further development of the tank weighing 30 tons.
Shortly after the appointment of Prof. Dr. Ferdinand Porsche, under the chairman of the Panzerkommission in 9/1939, at his initiative at the end of 1939 was launched a new program to develop a new heavy tank weighing 25-30 tons, whose armament was to form a 7.5 cm cannon Kw.K. L / 24 or 10.5 cm cannon Kw.K.
The program of development of a new tank called AW (Artilleriewagen) began in 1939. It was to be a heavy tank weighing about 80 tons, on which was to be placed a new tower of Krupp. The tower was cylindrical in shape. The cannon was to be protected by a strong front shield. The mounted weapon was to be 10.5 cm caliber with a barrel length of L / 20 - L / 28.
An unfulfilled but interesting development branch of the Tiger program.
A direct competitor in the Tiger development competition from Ferdinand Porsche's design office. Power was transmitted to the drive wheels by a Siemens-Porsche electromechanical clutch.
In the years 1940/41, an experimental series of 20 Pz.Kpfw III Ausf.G tanks was created. They were used to test a new type of undercarriage (Schachtellaufwerk), a chassis similar to that used in later types of tanks Panther and Tiger had large wheels and chassis groups from Fahrzeug und Motorenbau GmbH Breslau.
In 1936, the Norwegian Royal Army expressed interest in the Swedish light tank Landsverk L-120. In 1938, the Swedes supplied the Norwegians with one platform for testing at a price of 30,000 Norwegian kroner.
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